maven+springmvc的小例子

新建一个maven工程，勾选骨架，项目路径选择在workspace目录下，放在workspace中是会出错的。
由于我的需求是war包，所以我在下拉表中选择了war。
先看pom.xml文件代码如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.cmbchina.cc</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvctest</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <name>springmvctest</name>

    <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        </dependencies>

        <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- define the project compile level -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

在Java Resources，src/main/java中新建com.springdemo.controller.DemoController.java
代码如下：

package com.springdemo.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class DemoController {

    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String index(){
        System.out.println("nihao");
        return "demo";
    }
}

在src/main/java/webapp/WEB-INF下新建web.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

以上配置，默认它会找serlet-name-servlet.xml，即我们配置的spring-servlet.xml

所以我们在WEB-INF下新建spring-servlet.xml，这就是springmvc的配置文件，当然我们也可以修改web.xml中的配置来把它改为通用的spring-mvc.xml
这里我们不改，就用spring-servlet.xml，代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 配置扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.springdemo.controller" />

    <!-- 注册HandlerMapper、HandlerAdapter两个映射类 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 访问静态资源 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

    <!-- 视图解析器 -->
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

视图解析器中配置了，所以我们在WEB-INF中新建view文件夹，再建demo.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>This is SpringMVC Demo</h1>
</body>
</html>

在网页中输入：http://localhost:8080/springtest/demo/index，页面就会出现This is Spring Demo。
或者在postman中输入，它会返回html代码。
值得注意的是：这里要加上项目名称springtest，否则会出现404.