springboot多数据源配置

在Spring Boot中配置多个数据源需要完成以下步骤：

1. 引入相关依赖

在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖：

<!-- Spring Boot JPA -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- Mysql Connector -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- HikariCP -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
    <artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
</dependency>

1. 配置多个数据源

在application.yml中配置多个数据源的连接信息：

spring:
  datasource:
    primary:
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/primary?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
      username: root
      password: root
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    secondary:
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/secondary?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
      username: root
      password: root
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  jpa:
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: none # 不自动创建表结构
    show-sql: true # 显示 SQL

上述配置中定义了两个数据源，一个是primary，一个是secondary。可以根据实际情况自行替换。

1. 定义数据源实例

在@Configuration注解标识的类中，定义两个数据源实例：

@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig {

    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "primaryDataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary")
    public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().type(HikariDataSource.class).build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondaryDataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.secondary")
    public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().type(HikariDataSource.class).build();
    }
}

上述代码中，使用@Primary注解标识了primary数据源，当系统中存在多个数据源时，@Primary注解会将这个数据源优先注入到需要使用的地方。

1. 创建EntityManagerFactory

在@Configuration注解标识的类中，创建两个EntityManagerFactory实例：

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "primaryEntityManagerFactory",
        transactionManagerRef = "primaryTransactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.example.demo.primary.repository"})
public class PrimaryDataSourceConfig {

    @Bean(name = "primaryEntityManagerFactory")
    @Primary
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean primaryEntityManagerFactory(
            EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder, @Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return builder.dataSource(dataSource).packages("com.example.demo.primary.entity")
                .persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit").build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondaryEntityManagerFactory")
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean secondaryEntityManagerFactory(
            EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder, @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return builder.dataSource(dataSource).packages("com.example.demo.secondary.entity")
                .persistenceUnit("secondaryPersistenceUnit").build();
    }
}
创建TransactionManager
在@Configuration注解标识的类中，创建两个TransactionManager实例：

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class TransactionManagerConfig {

    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "primaryTransactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager primaryTransactionManager(
            @Qualifier("primaryEntityManagerFactory") EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory) {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactory);
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondaryTransactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager secondaryTransactionManager(
            @Qualifier("secondaryEntityManagerFactory") EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory) {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactory);
    }
}
使用数据源
在使用数据源时，需要使用@Qualifier注解指定使用哪个数据源：

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("primaryEntityManagerFactory")
    private EntityManagerFactory primaryEntityManagerFactory;

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("secondaryEntityManagerFactory")
    private EntityManagerFactory secondaryEntityManagerFactory;

    @Transactional(transactionManager = "primaryTransactionManager")
    @Override
    public void addUser(User user) {
        EntityManager entityManager = primaryEntityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
        entityManager.getTransaction().begin();
        entityManager.persist(user);
        entityManager.getTransaction().commit();
        entityManager.close();
    }

    @Transactional(transactionManager = "secondaryTransactionManager")
    @Override
    public void updateUser(User user) {
        EntityManager entityManager = secondaryEntityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
        entityManager.getTransaction().begin();
        entityManager.merge(user);
        entityManager.getTransaction().commit();
        entityManager.close();
    }
}
上述代码中，@Transactional注解中的transactionManager属性指定了具体使用的TransactionManager。同时，在获取EntityManagerFactory实例时，需要使用@Qualifier注解指定具体的数据源。