新手,从0开始,系统:ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS
按照如下教程开始
https://docs.rtems.org/rsb/#_ubuntu
https://docs.rtems.org/rsb/#_setup
一 安装RSB
1.创建文件夹，安装交叉工具链
2.下载git
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/src$ git clone git://git.rtems.org/rtems-source-builder.git
如果安装4.11,指令为
git clone -b 4.11 https://github.com/rtems/rtems-source-builder.git
直接下载出现错误,缺少依赖包,安装依赖包时仍出错
按如下命令安装:
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
修改sources.list文件,
3.使用如下命令中的最后一行,成功:
Some times our systems may not be up-to-date to receive an install so we can update with:
sudo apt-get update --> update package information sudo apt-get dist-upgrade --> upgrade packages on system sudo apt-get -f install --> fix broken packages
4.下载git后检查工具包是否完善,报错:
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/src/rtems-source-builder$ source-builder/sb-check RTEMS Source Builder - Check, 4.12.not_released error: exe: not found: (__bison) /usr/bin/bison error: exe: not found: (__flex) /usr/bin/flex error: exe: not found: (__makeinfo) /usr/bin/makeinfo Environment is not correctly set up
丢失了bison等执行文件,运行指令可安装bison和flex
sudo apt-get install bison
安装makeinfo时报错
E: Unable to locate package makeinfo
发现安装texinfo即可,测试后发现环境OK
sudo apt-get install texinfo
5.编译SPARC工具集,需要从internet下载,查看2.4 Building的解释内容
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/src/rtems-source-builder/rtems$ ../source-builder/sb-set-builder --log=l-sparc.txt --prefix=$HOME/development/rtems/4.12 4.12/rtems-sparc
报错:
building: sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 error: building sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 Build FAILED See error report: rsb-report-sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1.txt error: building sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 Build Set: Time 0:27:01.555189 Build FAILED
查看对应的rsb-report文件后发现,可能是python崩溃导致
可能是需要python的以来开发包python-dev,安装python-dev
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~$ sudo apt-get install python2.7-dev
安装完后再编译,爆出错误为:
../../readline/libreadline.a(terminal.o):/home/wangjc/development/rtems/src/rtems-source-builder/rtems/build/sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1/build/readline/../../gdb-7.12/readline/terminal.c:765: more undefined references to `tputs' follow collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make[3]: *** [sis] Error 1 make[3]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs.... make[2]: *** [all] Error 1 Makefile:8272: recipe for target 'all-sim' failed make[1]: *** [all-sim] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/wangjc/development/rtems/src/rtems-source-builder/rtems/build/sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1/build' Makefile:849: recipe for target 'all' failed make: *** [all] Error 2 shell cmd failed: /bin/sh -ex /home/wangjc/development/rtems/src/rtems-source-builder/rtems/build/sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1/doit error: building sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1
尝试更新
$sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get build-dep binutils gcc g++ gdb unzip
更新后再编译,编译成功
config: tools/rtems-gcc-7.1.0-newlib-2.5.0.20170720-1.cfg package: sparc-rtems4.12-gcc-7.1.0-newlib-2.5.0.20170720-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 building: sparc-rtems4.12-gcc-7.1.0-newlib-2.5.0.20170720-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 reporting: tools/rtems-gcc-7.1.0-newlib-2.5.0.20170720-1.cfg -> sparc-rtems4.12-gcc-7.1.0-newlib-2.5.0.20170720-x86_64-linux-gnu-1.txt reporting: tools/rtems-gcc-7.1.0-newlib-2.5.0.20170720-1.cfg -> sparc-rtems4.12-gcc-7.1.0-newlib-2.5.0.20170720-x86_64-linux-gnu-1.xml config: tools/rtems-gdb-7.12-1.cfg package: sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 building: sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 reporting: tools/rtems-gdb-7.12-1.cfg -> sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1.txt reporting: tools/rtems-gdb-7.12-1.cfg -> sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1.xml config: tools/rtems-tools-4.12-1.cfg package: rtems-tools-HEAD-1 Creating source directory: sources/git git: clone: git://git.rtems.org/rtems-tools.git -> sources/git/rtems-tools.git git: reset: git://git.rtems.org/rtems-tools.git git: fetch: git://git.rtems.org/rtems-tools.git -> sources/git/rtems-tools.git git: checkout: git://git.rtems.org/rtems-tools.git => HEAD git: pull: git://git.rtems.org/rtems-tools.git building: rtems-tools-HEAD-1 reporting: tools/rtems-tools-4.12-1.cfg -> rtems-tools-HEAD-1.txt reporting: tools/rtems-tools-4.12-1.cfg -> rtems-tools-HEAD-1.xml config: tools/rtems-kernel-4.12.cfg package: sparc-rtems4.12-kernel-4.12-1 building: sparc-rtems4.12-kernel-4.12-1 reporting: tools/rtems-kernel-4.12.cfg -> sparc-rtems4.12-kernel-4.12-1.txt reporting: tools/rtems-kernel-4.12.cfg -> sparc-rtems4.12-kernel-4.12-1.xml installing: expat-2.1.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 -> /home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12 installing: sparc-rtems4.12-binutils-2.29-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 -> /home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12 installing: sparc-rtems4.12-gcc-7.1.0-newlib-2.5.0.20170720-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 -> /home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12 installing: sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 -> /home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12 installing: rtems-tools-HEAD-1 -> /home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12 installing: sparc-rtems4.12-kernel-4.12-1 -> /home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12 cleaning: expat-2.1.0-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 cleaning: sparc-rtems4.12-binutils-2.29-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 cleaning: sparc-rtems4.12-gcc-7.1.0-newlib-2.5.0.20170720-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 cleaning: sparc-rtems4.12-gdb-7.12-x86_64-linux-gnu-1 cleaning: rtems-tools-HEAD-1 cleaning: sparc-rtems4.12-kernel-4.12-1 Build Set: Time 0:28:16.129294 wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/src/rtems-source-builder/rtems$
6.检查gcc版本
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/4.12/sparc-rtems4.12$ ~/development/rtems/4.12/bin/sparc-rtems4.12-gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12/bin/sparc-rtems4.12-gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12/libexec/gcc/sparc-rtems4.12/7.1.0/lto-wrapper Target: sparc-rtems4.12 Configured with: ../gcc-7.1.0/configure --prefix=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12 --bindir=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12/bin --exec_prefix=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12 --includedir=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12/include --libdir=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12/lib --libexecdir=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12/libexec --mandir=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12/share/man --infodir=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12/share/info --datadir=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/4.12/share --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=sparc-rtems4.12 --disable-libstdcxx-pch --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --verbose --with-newlib --disable-nls --without-included-gettext --disable-win32-registry --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs --disable-lto --enable-newlib-io-c99-formats --enable-newlib-iconv --enable-newlib-iconv-encodings=big5,cp775,cp850,cp852,cp855,cp866,euc_jp,euc_kr,euc_tw,iso_8859_1,iso_8859_10,iso_8859_11,iso_8859_13,iso_8859_14,iso_8859_15,iso_8859_2,iso_8859_3,iso_8859_4,iso_8859_5,iso_8859_6,iso_8859_7,iso_8859_8,iso_8859_9,iso_ir_111,koi8_r,koi8_ru,koi8_u,koi8_uni,ucs_2,ucs_2_internal,ucs_2be,ucs_2le,ucs_4,ucs_4_internal,ucs_4be,ucs_4le,us_ascii,utf_16,utf_16be,utf_16le,utf_8,win_1250,win_1251,win_1252,win_1253,win_1254,win_1255,win_1256,win_1257,win_1258 --enable-threads --disable-plugin --enable-libgomp --enable-languages=c,c++ Thread model: rtems gcc version 7.1.0 20170502 (RTEMS 4.12, RSB 7208ab69e1fc068bdf23edc51e862db2f2a6a189, Newlib 2.5.0.20170720) (GCC) wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/4.12/sparc-rtems4.12$
二 安装BSP
交叉工具链安装完毕
下载rtems源文件到/home/wangjc/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder
$ git clone git://git.rtems.org/rtems.git
添加运行环境变量
$ export PATH=$HOME/development/rtems/4.11/bin:$PATH
引导
$ cd rtems $ ./bootstrap
新建编译结果文件夹
$ cd .. $ mkdir rtems-build $ cd rtems-build
配置bsp，/home前面打两点‘..’时会报错，找不到文件
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/rtems-build$ /home/wangjc/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/rtems/configure --prefix=`pwd`/../rtems_stm32f4xx --target=arm-rtems4.11 --disable-maintainer-mode --disable-multiprocessing --disable-posix --disable-networking --disable-cxx --disable-tests --disable-rtems-debug --disable-multilib --disable-paravirt --disable-drvmgr --disable-docs --enable-rtemsbsp=stm32f4
编译，make时报错
make
错误代码：
Making all in stm32f4 make[2]: Entering directory '/home/wangjc/development/rtems/rtems-build/arm-rtems4.11/c/stm32f4' make[2]: *** No rule to make target 'all'. Stop. make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/wangjc/development/rtems/rtems-build/arm-rtems4.11/c/stm32f4' Makefile:286: recipe for target 'all-recursive' failed make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/wangjc/development/rtems/rtems-build/arm-rtems4.11/c' Makefile:410: recipe for target 'all-recursive' failed make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
可能原因为我编译的RSB环境时针对sparc，但是 建立BSP时候用的是arm
注意：建立RSB环境需要在原始的rtems RSB文件下建立，否则提示找不到bset文件，建立后会创建一个环境文件夹，若为/rtems/4.11 4.11/rtems-arm则文件夹为4.11，文件夹下颚bin文件有对应平台的gcc编译器
建立bsp需要在新下载的rtems系统源文件上进行
按arm来建立bsp时报错：
checking for style of include used by make... GNU checking for arm-rtems4.11-gcc... no configure: error: no acceptable cc found in $PATH Makefile:804: recipe for target 'stm32f4' failed make[2]: *** [stm32f4] Error 1 make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/wangjc/development/rtems/rtems-build/arm-rtems4.11/c' Makefile:359: recipe for target 'all-recursive' failed make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/wangjc/development/rtems/rtems-build/arm-rtems4.11/c' Makefile:483: recipe for target 'all-recursive' failed make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
应该是gcc不在环境变量中，增加arm-rtems4.11-gcc所在的文件夹路径 rtems4.11/bin
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~$ sudo gedit /etc/environment wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~$ source /etc/environment
此时再编译，之前的错误问题仍在
Making all in stm32f4 make[2]: Entering directory '/home/wangjc/development/rtems/rtems-build/arm-rtems4.11/c/stm32f4' make[2]: *** No rule to make target 'all'. Stop. make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/wangjc/development/rtems/rtems-build/arm-rtems4.11/c/stm32f4' Makefile:359: recipe for target 'all-recursive' failed make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/wangjc/development/rtems/rtems-build/arm-rtems4.11/c' Makefile:483: recipe for target 'all-recursive' failed make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
运行指令，清除原来的makefile
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/rtems$ ./bootstrap -c
运行指令重新编译
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/rtems$ ./bootstrap -p
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/rtems$ /home/wangjc/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/source-builder/sb-
bootstrap
再来编译bsp
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems$ mkdir rtems-build
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/rtems-build$ /home/wangjc/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/rtems/configure --prefix=`pwd`/../rtems_stm32f4xx --target=arm-rtems4.11 --disable-maintainer-mode --disable-multiprocessing --disable-posix --disable-networking --disable-cxx --disable-tests --disable-rtems-debug --disable-multilib --disable-paravirt --disable-drvmgr --disable-docs --enable-rtemsbsp=stm32f4
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/rtems-build$ make
此时不会报错，一定要从./bootstrap -c开始重新来一遍，否则会报错。make成功
三 下载编译例程
build$ git clone git://git.rtems.org/examples-v2.git example-v2
建立makefile环境变量
build/example-v2$ export RTEMS_MAKEFILE_PATH=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/sour ce/rtems-source-builder/rtems_stm32f4xx/arm-rtems4.11/stm32f4
建立arm gcc环境变量，否则会报错
export PATH=$HOME/development/rtems/4.11/bin:$PATH
make后生成了hello.exe文件，所在目录为/home/wangjc/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/arm-build/example-v2/hello/hello_world_c/o-optimize
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/arm-build/example-v2$ make
fileIO的例子中也有生成，这个生成应该有一个配置文件指定
9.为简便，可在home目录下的.bashrc文件中增加上面两条路径（ctrl+H可见），避免编译出错。出处
export PATH=$HOME/development/rtems/4.11/bin:$PATH export RTEMS_MAKEFILE_PATH=/home/wangjc/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/rtems_stm32f4xx/arm-rtems4.11/stm32f4
看来一定要多读文档！！！
查看支持的bsp：在源码中运行
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/rtems$ ./rtems-bsps
10.修改grub
wangjc@wangjc-Inspiron-3668:~$ sudo gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg
插入新启动项
menuentry 'RTEMS-Hello'{
multiboot /home/wangjc/development/rtems/source/rtems-source-builder/arm-build/example-v2/hello/hello_world_c/o-optimize/hello.exe
}
不行，无法启动，可能是bsp不对，等原因
安装脚本，可尝试，发现源不对
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