JSP过滤器

JSP过滤器

1. Servlet和jsp过滤器都是Java类,作用:

   1. 在请求访问后端资源之前从客户端拦截请求.
   2. 在响应发送回客户端之前从服务器操作响应

2. 过滤器种类

   1. 身份验证过滤器
   2. 数据压缩过滤器
   3. 加密过滤器
   4. 触发资源访问事件的过滤器
   5. 图像转换过滤器
   6. 日志记录和审计过滤器
   7. MIME类型链过滤器
   8. Tokenizing过滤器
   9. 转换xml内容的xsl/t过滤器

3. 当服务器启动web应用程序时.它会为每个在部署描述中声明的过滤器创建一个实例,过滤器按照它们在部署描述中声明的顺利执行

4. Servlet过滤器方法

   1. public void doFilter (ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)	由于客户端在链尾请求响应，每次请求/响应对通过链时，容器会调用此方法。
      public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig)	由Web容器调用此方法，向过滤器表明它将被放置在服务中。
      public void destroy()	由Web容器调用此方法，向过滤器表明它将从服务中被去掉。

5. JSP过滤器实例

   1. // Import required java libraries
      import java.io.*;
      import javax.servlet.*;
      import javax.servlet.http.*;
      import java.util.*;
      
      // Implements Filter class
      public class LogFilter implements Filter  {
         public void  init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException{
            // Get init parameter 
            String testParam = config.getInitParameter("test-param"); 
      
            //Print the init parameter 
            System.out.println("Test Param: " + testParam); 
         }
         public void  doFilter(ServletRequest request,  ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {
      
            // Get the IP address of client machine.   
            String ipAddress = request.getRemoteAddr();
      
            // Log the IP address and current timestamp.
            System.out.println("IP "+ ipAddress + ", Time " + new Date().toString());
      
            // Pass request back down the filter chain
            chain.doFilter(request,response);
         }
         public void destroy( ){
            /* Called before the Filter instance is removed 
            from service by the web container*/
         }
      }
      

   2. 在web.xml中的jsp过滤器映射

      1. 首先定义过滤器,然后将过滤器映射到URL或JSP文件的名字中,这几乎与定义Sevlet而案后映射到xml文件的url模式的方式相同,为在部署描述文件的web.xml的过滤器标签创建一下

      <filter>
         <filter-name>LogFilter</filter-name>
         <filter-class>LogFilter</filter-class>
         <init-param>
            <param-name>test-param</param-name>
            <param-value>Initialization Paramter</param-value>
         </init-param>
      </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>LogFilter</filter-name>
         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
      

6. 多个过滤器-过滤器链

   <filter>
      <filter-name>LogFilter</filter-name>
      <filter-class>LogFilter</filter-class>
      <init-param>
         <param-name>test-param</param-name>
         <param-value>Initialization Paramter</param-value>
      </init-param>
   </filter>
   <filter>
      <filter-name>AuthenFilter</filter-name>
      <filter-class>AuthenFilter</filter-class>
      <init-param>
         <param-name>test-param</param-name>
         <param-value>Initialization Paramter</param-value>
      </init-param>
   </filter>
   <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>LogFilter</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>
   <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>AuthenFilter</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>
   

   4. 过滤器的应用顺序

      在web.xml中的filter-mapping元素的顺序决定了web容器应用过滤器到Servlet的顺利,若要反转过滤器的顺序,只需要在web.xml文件中反转mapping元素即可

   5. 注解代替xml文件

      1. @WebFilter(filterName=“encodingFilter”,urlPatterns="/*")

      2. 
         package com.kevin.Filter;
          
         import java.io.IOException;
          
         import javax.servlet.Filter;
         import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
         import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
         import javax.servlet.ServletException;
         import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
         import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
         import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
         import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
          
         @WebFilter(filterName="encodingFilter",urlPatterns="/*")
         public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
         	String encoding;
         	@Override
         	public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
         		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
         	}
          
         	@Override
         	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
         			throws IOException, ServletException {
         		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
         		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
                 response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
         		chain.doFilter(request, response);
          
         	}
          
         	@Override
         	public void destroy() {
         		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
         		System.out.println("destroy");
         	}
         }