Python 多线程 run() 与 start()的关系

先说结论：

1、调用多线程时用start()

2、start()中会调用run()

3、run()不会启动多线程

 

代码分析：

1、首先看run()的代码：

    def run(self):
        """Method representing the thread's activity.

        You may override this method in a subclass. The standard run() method
        invokes the callable object passed to the object's constructor as the
        target argument, if any, with sequential and keyword arguments taken
        from the args and kwargs arguments, respectively.

        """
        try:
            if self._target:
                self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
        finally:
            # Avoid a refcycle if the thread is running a function with
            # an argument that has a member that points to the thread.
            del self._target, self._args, self._kwargs

这里只是将接收到的函数调用出来并赋值相应的参数

2、然后看start()：

    def start(self):
        """Start the thread's activity.

        It must be called at most once per thread object. It arranges for the
        object's run() method to be invoked in a separate thread of control.

        This method will raise a RuntimeError if called more than once on the
        same thread object.

        """
        if not self._initialized:
            raise RuntimeError("thread.__init__() not called")

        if self._started.is_set():
            raise RuntimeError("threads can only be started once")
        with _active_limbo_lock:
            _limbo[self] = self
        try:
            _start_new_thread(self._bootstrap, ())
        except Exception:
            with _active_limbo_lock:
                del _limbo[self]
            raise
        self._started.wait()

可以看到  _start_new_thread() 启用了新线程来执行函数

看追溯 self._bootstrap是类内的一个函数引用 ，它的内部核心代码有：

            with _active_limbo_lock:
                _active[self._ident] = self
                del _limbo[self]

            if _trace_hook:
                _sys.settrace(_trace_hook)
            if _profile_hook:
                _sys.setprofile(_profile_hook)

            try:
                self.run()
            except SystemExit:
                pass
            except:
                # If sys.stderr is no more (most likely from interpreter
                # shutdown) use self._stderr.  Otherwise still use sys (as in
                # _sys) in case sys.stderr was redefined since the creation of
                # self.
                if _sys and _sys.stderr is not None:

关键的，可以看到此处调用了run()，来实现函数

 

执行以下看看效果：

def func():
    return 'result'


class newThread(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, group=None, target=None, name=None,
                 args=(), kwargs=None, *, daemon=None):
        super().__init__(group=group, target=target, name=name,
                 args=args, kwargs=kwargs, daemon=daemon)

    def start(self):
        print("start invoke.........")
        super().start()

    def run(self):
        print("run invoke.......")
        try:
            if self._target:
                self.result = self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
        finally:
            # Avoid a refcycle if the thread is running a function with
            # an argument that has a member that points to the thread.
            del self._target, self._args, self._kwargs


if __name__ == '__main__':
    t = newThread(target=func)
    t.start()
    t.join()

结果：

看代码已经很明显了不是么。。。。。。。。。

 

如果要获取线程执行结果：

class newThread(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, group=None, target=None, name=None,
                 args=(), kwargs=None, *, daemon=None):
        super().__init__(group=group, target=target, name=name,
                 args=args, kwargs=kwargs, daemon=daemon)

    def start(self):
        print("start invoke.........")
        super().start()

    def run(self):
        print("run invoke.......")
        try:
            if self._target:
                self.result = self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
        finally:
            # Avoid a refcycle if the thread is running a function with
            # an argument that has a member that points to the thread.
            del self._target, self._args, self._kwargs

    def get_result(self):
        if self.is_alive():
            return None
        else:
            return self.result