PyQt入门项目(一)：车票信息查询

Target:PyQt5+requests实现一个车票查询工具(功能虽然很鸡肋，纯粹当作练手了)
结构图

效果图

思路
1、search(QPushButton)点击信号（clicked）连接到自定义的槽函数（event.search）
2、槽函数（event.search）接收四个参数：QTableWidget对象的引用、两个QLabel中的内容（站台名称）、QDateEdit格式化日期
3、槽函数（event.search）调用爬虫类（TrainService）获取车次信息，添加到QTableWidget对象中。
代码
1、ui.py(ui界面)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'E:\Python\Qt\ui_0.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.11.2
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from Event import EventClass
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        event=EventClass()
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(793, 604)
        MainWindow.setStyleSheet("font: 10pt \"Microsoft YaHei UI\";")
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.widget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 791, 43))
        self.widget.setObjectName("widget")
        self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.widget)
        self.horizontalLayout.setSizeConstraint(QtWidgets.QLayout.SetNoConstraint)
        self.horizontalLayout.setContentsMargins(10, 1, 1, 3)
        self.horizontalLayout.setSpacing(15)
        self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.widget)
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.label)
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.widget)
        self.lineEdit.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(742, 16777215))
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit)
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.widget)
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.label_2)
        self.lineEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.widget)
        self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName("lineEdit_2")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit_2)
        self.dateEdit = QtWidgets.QDateEdit(self.widget)
        self.dateEdit.setDate(QtCore.QDate(2019, 1, 1))
        self.dateEdit.setObjectName("dateEdit")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.dateEdit)
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        self.scrollArea = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(self.centralwidget)
        self.scrollArea.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 40, 791, 561))
        self.scrollArea.setWidgetResizable(True)
        self.scrollArea.setObjectName("scrollArea")
        self.scrollAreaWidgetContents = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 789, 559))
        self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setObjectName("scrollAreaWidgetContents")
        self.tableWidget = QtWidgets.QTableWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
        self.tableWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 791, 561))
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.tableWidget.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.tableWidget.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        self.tableWidget.setBaseSize(QtCore.QSize(0, 0))
        self.tableWidget.setObjectName("tableWidget")
        self.tableWidget.setColumnCount(5)
        self.tableWidget.setRowCount(0)
        item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(0, item)
        item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(1, item)
        item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(2, item)
        item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(3, item)
        item = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem()
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderItem(4, item)
        self.tableWidget.horizontalHeader().setDefaultSectionSize(155)
        self.tableWidget.verticalHeader().setDefaultSectionSize(47)
        self.tableWidget.verticalHeader().setMinimumSectionSize(45)
        self.line = QtWidgets.QFrame(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
        self.line.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 23, 784, 31))
        self.line.setToolTipDuration(0)
        self.line.setLineWidth(1)
        self.line.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.HLine)
        self.line.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Sunken)
        self.line.setObjectName("line")
        self.scrollArea.setWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(lambda :event.search(self.tableWidget, self.lineEdit.text(), self.lineEdit_2.text(), self.dateEdit.date().toPyDate()))
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "From"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "To"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "search"))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(0)
        item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "车次"))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(1)
        item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "出发时间"))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(2)
        item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "到站时间"))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(3)
        item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "硬卧"))
        item = self.tableWidget.horizontalHeaderItem(4)
        item.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "硬座"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2、EventClass.py(自定义槽函数类)

#coding:u8
import time
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QTableWidgetItem
from TrainService import TrainService
class EventClass(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.trainService=TrainService()
        pass
    def search(self,  table, From="北京", To="上海", Date=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime())):
        print("【{}】 form {} to {}".format(Date, From, To))
        train_list=self.trainService.crawlTrainMess(From, To, Date)
        print(table)
        table.setRowCount(len(train_list))
        for row, item in enumerate(train_list):
            for col, i in enumerate(item):
                if i is "":
                    i="0"
                table.setItem(row, col, QTableWidgetItem(i))
        pass

3、TrainService.py（爬虫类）

#coding_url:u8
import requests
import json
class TrainService(object):
    def __init__(self):
        with open("code.json", 'r') as file:
            code=eval(file.read())
        self.code=code
        self.code_url="https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js?station_version=1.9002"
        self.headers={"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.7 Safari/537.36"}
        
    def crawlTrainMess(self,from_station,to_station,train_date):
        self.url="https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryZ?leftTicketDTO.train_date={}&leftTicketDTO.from_station={}&leftTicketDTO.to_station={}&purpose_codes=ADULT".format(train_date,self.code[from_station],self.code[to_station])
        response=requests.get(self.url,headers=self.headers)
        train_json=json.loads(response.text)
        results=train_json['data']['result']
        train_list=[]
        for i in results:
            temp=i.split('|')
            train_list.append([temp[3], temp[8], temp[9], temp[25], temp[26]])
        #print(train_list)
        return train_list
    def crawlCodeMess(self):
        response=requests.get(self.code_url,headers=self.headers)
        station_list=response.text.split('@')[1 :]
        code={}
        for i in station_list:
            temp=i.split('|')
            code[temp[1]]=temp[2]
        #print(code)
        with open("code.json", 'w') as file:
            file.write(str(code))
        
if __name__=="__main__":
    ts=TrainService()
    ts.crawlCodeMess()

需要先跑 TrainService.py 获取到站点对应的代码信息code.json
然后在执行 ui.py