Java面试专题八之OOM

谈谈你对OOM的认识

java.lang.StackOverflowError

public class StackOverflowErrorDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        stackOverflowError();
    }

    private static void stackOverflowError() {
        stackOverflowError();
    }
}

java.lang.OutofMemoryError: Java heap space

public static void main(String[] args) {
    byte[] bytes = new byte[80 * 1024 * 1024];
}

java.lang.OutofMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded

JVM参数配置演示
Xms10m -Xmx10m -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=5m
GC回收时间过长时会抛出0utofMemroyError。过长的定义是，超过98%的时间用来做GC并且回收了不到2%的堆内存
连续多次GC 都只回收了不到2%的极端情况下才会抛出。假如不抛出 GC overhead limit 错误会发生什么情况呢?
那就是GC清理的这么点内存很快会再次填满，追使GC再次执行，这样就形成恶性循环，CPU使用率一直是100%，而GC却没有任何成果

public class GCOverheadDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int i = 0;
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();

        try {
            while (true){
                list.add(String.valueOf(++i).intern());
            }
        }catch (Throwable e){
            System.out.println("****************i: " + i);
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw e;
        }
    }
}

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Direct buffer memory

public class DirectBufferMemoryDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("配置的maxDirectMemory: " + (sun.misc.VM.maxDirectMemory() / (double) 1024 * 1024) + "MB");
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(6 * 1024 * 1024);
    }
}

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: unable to create new native thread

public class UnableCreateNewThreadDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 1; ; i++) {
            System.out.println("*******************i: " + i);
            new Thread(() -> {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }, "" + i).start();
        }
    }
}

java.lang.OutofMemoryError: Metaspace