hibernate关联映射

Hibernate关系映射1：单向N-1关联

单向 n-1 关联只需从 n 的一端可以访问 1 的一端。

Hibernate 使用 元素来映射多对一关联关系<many-to-one name="customer" class="Customer" column="CUSTOMER_ID" cascade="all" />




public class Customer {
    private Integer customerId;
    private String customerName;
    //省去get和set方法
}
public class Order {
    private Integer orderId;
    private String orderName;
    private Customer customer;
        //省去get和set方法
}

Customer.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.lihui.hibernate.single_n_1.Customer" table="CUSTOMERS">
        <id name="customerId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="customerName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="CUSTOMER_NAME" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Order.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping package="com.lihui.hibernate.single_n_1">
    <class name="Order"
        table="ORDERS">
        <id name="orderId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ORDER_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="orderName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ORDER_NAME" />
        </property>
        <many-to-one name="customer" class="Customer" column="CUSTOMER_ID" cascade="all" />
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Junit Test由于在Order.hbm.xml中配置了cascade="all"，所以只需要保存order对象即可，会首先自动保存级联的Customer对象。

@Test
    public void testSave() {
        Customer customer = new Customer();
        customer.setCustomerName("a");

        Order order1 = new Order();
        order1.setOrderName("A");
        order1.setCustomer(customer);
        Order order2 = new Order();
        order2.setOrderName("B");
        order2.setCustomer(customer);

        session.save(order1);
        session.save(order2);
    }




Hibernate关系映射2：双向1-N关联

对于1-N关联，Hibernate推荐使用双向关联，而且不要让1的一端控制关联关系，而使用N的一端控制关联关系。

双向的N-1关联与1-N关联是完全相同的两种情形。两端都需要增加对关联属性的访问，N的一端增加引用到关联实体的属性，1的一端增加集合属性，集合元素为关联实体。

public class Customer {
    private Integer customerId;
    private String customerName;
    private Set<Order> orders = new HashSet<Order>();
    //省去get和set
}
public class Order {
    private Integer orderId;
    private String orderName;
    private Customer customer;
//省去get和set
}

Customer.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping package="com.lihui.hibernate.double_n_1">
    <class name="Customer" table="CUSTOMERS">
        <id name="customerId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="customerName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="CUSTOMER_NAME" />
        </property>
        <set name="orders"  inverse="true">
            <key column="CUSTOMER_ID"></key>
            <one-to-many class="Order"/>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Hibernate关系映射3：双向1-1关联

双向1-1关联需要修改两边的持久化类代码，让两个持久化类都增加引用关联实体的属性，并为该属性提供get和set方法。

双向1-1关联有三种映射模式：

• 基于主键
• 基于外键
• 使用连接表




public class Department {
    private Integer deptId;
    private String deptName;
    private Manager manager;
    //省去get和set
}
public class Manager {
    private Integer mgrId;
    private String mgrName;
    private Department department;
    //省去get和set
}

Manager.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping package="com.lihui.hibernate.double_1_1.foreign">
    <class name="Manager" table="MANAGERS">
        <id name="mgrId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="MGR_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="mgrName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="MGR_NAME" />
        </property>
        <!-- 映射1-1的关联关系，在对应的数据表中已经有外键，当前持久花类使用ont-to-one进行映射 -->
        <one-to-one name="department" class="Department" property-ref="manager"></one-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Department.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping package="com.lihui.hibernate.double_1_1.foreign">
    <class name="Department" table="DEPARTMENTS">
        <id name="deptId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="DEPT_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="deptName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="DEPT_NAME" />
        </property>
        <many-to-one name="manager" class="Manager" column="MGR_ID" unique="true"></many-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

测试

@Test
    public void testGet(){
        Department dep = (Department) session.get(Department.class, 1);
        System.out.println(dep.getDeptName());
        Manager mgr =dep.getManager();
        System.out.println(mgr.getMgrName());
    }
    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        Department dep = new Department();
        dep.setDeptName("a");
        Manager mgr = new Manager();
        mgr.setMgrName("b");
        dep.setManager(mgr);
        mgr.setDepartment(dep);
        session.save(mgr);
        session.save(dep);
    }

基于主键

Manager.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping package="com.lihui.hibernate.double_1_1.primary">
    <class name="Manager" table="MANAGERS">
        <id name="mgrId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="MGR_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="mgrName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="MGR_NAME" />
        </property>
        <one-to-one name="department" class="Department"></one-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Department.hbm.xml

<hibernate-mapping package="com.lihui.hibernate.double_1_1.primary">
    <class name="Department" table="DEPARTMENTS">
        <id name="deptId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="DEPT_ID" />
            <generator class="foreign" >
                <param name="property">manager</param>
            </generator>
        </id>
        <property name="deptName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="DEPT_NAME" />
        </property>
        <one-to-one name="manager" class="Manager" constrained="true"></one-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>