毕设项目总算是告一段落,之前,有想过在登录界面添加验证码图片,但是,后来结合实际想了想,现在手机登录普遍追求的是简洁,图片验证码会显得多此一举。因此,在我整个项目中并没有用到图片验证码,但还是有必要知道怎么在手机端实现图片验证码的。
首先,我们先来看看效果图:
这个效果图是最初写登录界面时用的,我的毕设是做一个四川工商学院的毕业设计管理系统,所以用到了四川工商学院的图标,设计风格也是根据图标色系来的。当然,后面并没有用到。。。
不多说废话了,直奔主题,实现步骤如下:
1. login.xml布局文件
这里并没有做过多的优化,所以代码看上去会比较冗余,大家可以自行定义style,优化代码。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--登录界面,用LinearLayout-->
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<!--标题栏-->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="40dp"
android:orientation="vertical">
<!--显示头像,记得加入id iv_head -->
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/iv_logo"
android:layout_width="70dp"
android:layout_height="70dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
android:background="@drawable/logo_icon" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/bs_header"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_gravity="bottom"
android:padding="10dp"
android:text="毕业论文管理系统"
android:textColor="#b4594c"
android:textSize="14sp" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="35dp"
android:layout_marginRight="35dp"
android:orientation="vertical">
<!--输入框-->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="48dp"
android:layout_marginTop="35dp">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/img_username"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="8dp"
android:src="@drawable/username_icon" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_user_name"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="48dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/img_username"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:hint="请输入账号"
android:paddingLeft="8dp"
android:singleLine="true"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:textColorHint="#a3a3a3"
android:textSize="14sp" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/img_password"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="8dp"
android:src="@drawable/password_icon" />
<!--输入框-->
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_psw"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="48dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/img_password"
android:paddingLeft="8dp"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:hint="请输入密码"
android:inputType="textPassword"
android:singleLine="true"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:textColorHint="#a3a3a3"
android:textSize="14sp"/>
</LinearLayout>
<!--按钮-->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/img_checkcode"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="8dp"
android:src="@drawable/checkcode_icon" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_phoneCodes"
android:layout_width="34dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="@drawable/edit_bg_border"
android:hint="请输入右侧验证码"
android:padding="8dp"
android:textSize="14sp" />
<!--layout_weight="1" layout_width="0dp"实现均分效果-->
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/image"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:paddingLeft="8dp"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<CheckBox
android:id="@+id/remember_password"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="记住密码"
android:textColor="#8B7355"
/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/forget_password"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginRight="5dp"
android:text="忘记密码"
android:textColor="#4876FF"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_marginTop="15dp">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_login"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="55dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:text="登 录"
android:textColor="@android:color/white"
android:background="@drawable/login_button_selector"
android:textSize="18sp"/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
<!--layout_weight="1" layout_width="0dp"实现均分效果-->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/bs_info"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_gravity="bottom"
android:padding="8dp"
android:text="西华大学 版权所有"
android:textColor="#a7a7a7"
android:textSize="10sp" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
还有,就是账号、密码和验证码的图标,需要放在如题所示的文件夹里:
至于图标,我是直接在阿里巴巴矢量图标库里面下载的,需要的小伙伴自行去下载,然后命名就好啦!
2. MainActivity.java
在MainActivity里,首先是加载布局,然后调用工具类CodeUtils:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Bitmap bitmap;
private String code;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.login);
//获取需要展示图片验证码的ImageView
final ImageView image = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image);
//获取工具类生成的图片验证码对象
bitmap = CodeUtils.getInstance().createBitmap();
//获取当前图片验证码的对应内容用于校验
code = CodeUtils.getInstance().getCode();
image.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
image.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
bitmap = CodeUtils.getInstance().createBitmap();
code = CodeUtils.getInstance().getCode();
image.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, code, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
}
3. CodeUtils工具类
public class CodeUtils {
//随机码集
private static final char[] CHARS = {
'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'
};
private static CodeUtils mCodeUtils;
private int mPaddingLeft, mPaddingTop;
private StringBuilder mBuilder = new StringBuilder();
private Random mRandom = new Random();
//Default Settings
private static final int DEFAULT_CODE_LENGTH = 4;//验证码的长度 这里是4位
private static final int DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE = 60;//字体大小
private static final int DEFAULT_LINE_NUMBER = 3;//多少条干扰线
private static final int BASE_PADDING_LEFT = 20; //左边距
private static final int RANGE_PADDING_LEFT = 30;//左边距范围值
private static final int BASE_PADDING_TOP = 70;//上边距
private static final int RANGE_PADDING_TOP = 15;//上边距范围值
private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 200;//默认宽度.图片的总宽
private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 100;//默认高度.图片的总高
private static final int DEFAULT_COLOR = Color.rgb(0xee, 0xee, 0xee);//默认背景颜色值
private String code;
public static CodeUtils getInstance() {
if (mCodeUtils == null) {
mCodeUtils = new CodeUtils();
}
return mCodeUtils;
}
//生成验证码图片
public Bitmap createBitmap() {
mPaddingLeft = 0; //每次生成验证码图片时初始化
mPaddingTop = 0;
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
code = createCode();
canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);
canvas.drawColor(DEFAULT_COLOR);
Paint paint = new Paint();
paint.setTextSize(DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE);
for (int i = 0; i < code.length(); i++) {
randomTextStyle(paint);
randomPadding();
canvas.drawText(code.charAt(i) + "", mPaddingLeft, mPaddingTop, paint);
}
//干扰线
for (int i = 0; i < DEFAULT_LINE_NUMBER; i++) {
drawLine(canvas, paint);
}
canvas.save();//保存
canvas.restore();
return bitmap;
}
/**
* 得到图片中的验证码字符串
*
* @return
*/
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
//生成验证码
public String createCode() {
mBuilder.delete(0, mBuilder.length()); //使用之前首先清空内容
for (int i = 0; i < DEFAULT_CODE_LENGTH; i++) {
mBuilder.append(CHARS[mRandom.nextInt(CHARS.length)]);
}
return mBuilder.toString();
}
//生成干扰线
private void drawLine(Canvas canvas, Paint paint) {
int color = randomColor();
int startX = mRandom.nextInt(DEFAULT_WIDTH);
int startY = mRandom.nextInt(DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
int stopX = mRandom.nextInt(DEFAULT_WIDTH);
int stopY = mRandom.nextInt(DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
paint.setStrokeWidth(1);
paint.setColor(color);
canvas.drawLine(startX, startY, stopX, stopY, paint);
}
//随机颜色
private int randomColor() {
mBuilder.delete(0, mBuilder.length()); //使用之前首先清空内容
String haxString;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
haxString = Integer.toHexString(mRandom.nextInt(0xEE));
if (haxString.length() == 1) {
haxString = "0" + haxString;
}
mBuilder.append(haxString);
}
return Color.parseColor("#" + mBuilder.toString());
}
//随机文本样式
private void randomTextStyle(Paint paint) {
int color = randomColor();
paint.setColor(color);
paint.setFakeBoldText(mRandom.nextBoolean()); //true为粗体,false为非粗体
float skewX = mRandom.nextInt(11) / 10;
skewX = mRandom.nextBoolean() ? skewX : -skewX;
paint.setTextSkewX(skewX); //float类型参数,负数表示右斜,整数左斜
paint.setUnderlineText(mRandom.nextBoolean()); //true为下划线,false为非下划线
paint.setStrikeThruText(mRandom.nextBoolean()); //true为删除线,false为非删除线
}
//随机间距
private void randomPadding() {
mPaddingLeft += BASE_PADDING_LEFT + mRandom.nextInt(RANGE_PADDING_LEFT);
mPaddingTop = BASE_PADDING_TOP + mRandom.nextInt(RANGE_PADDING_TOP);
}
}
到这里,基本上也就实现了干扰线验证码的效果,点击这里也可下载源码哦!