积性函数前缀和
建议向skywalker学习
OI大佬
fo0Old
名词解释:
1.积性函数
若函数 满足
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f(p*q) = f(p)*f(q)
f(p∗q)=f(p)∗f(q), p 与q互质
2. 前缀和,形式一般是
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\sum_{i=1}^{n}f(n)
i=1∑nf(n)
3. 狄利克雷卷积
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(g*f)(n)=\sum_{d |n}g(d)\cdot f(n/d) = \sum_{d|n}g(d/n)\cdot f(d)
(g∗f)(n)=∑d∣ng(d)⋅f(n/d)=∑d∣ng(d/n)⋅f(d)
4. 莫比乌斯反演
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g(n) = \sum_{d|n}f(d)
g(n)=∑d∣nf(d), 即
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g(n) = (f*I)(n),g(n)*u(n) = f(n)
g(n)=(f∗I)(n),g(n)∗u(n)=f(n),例如
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n = \sum_{d|n}\phi(d),\phi(n) = \sum_{d|n}u(d)*n/d
n=∑d∣nϕ(d),ϕ(n)=∑d∣nu(d)∗n/d
杜教筛
杜教即清华杜瑜皓
使用范围 积性函数,
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n <= 1e9,n <= 1e10,n <= 1e11
n<=1e9,n<=1e10,n<=1e11 等
- S ( n ) = ∑ i = 1 n u ( i ) = 1 − ∑ i = 2 n S ( n i ) S(n) = \sum_{i=1}^{n}{u(i)}=1-\sum_{i=2}^{n}S(\frac{n}{i}) S(n)=∑i=1nu(i)=1−∑i=2nS(in)
- ∑ i = 1 n ϕ ( i ) = n ∗ ( n + 1 ) / 2 − s u m i = 2 n S ( n i ) \sum_{i=1}^{n}\phi(i)= n*(n+1)/2-sum_{i=2}^{n}S(\frac{n}{i}) ∑i=1nϕ(i)=n∗(n+1)/2−sumi=2nS(in)
- ∑ i = 1 n ϕ ( i ) ∗ i = n ∗ ( n + 1 ) ∗ ( 2 ∗ n + 1 ) / 6 − ∑ i = 2 n S ( n i ) \sum_{i=1}^{n} \phi(i)*i=n*(n+1)*(2*n+1)/6-\sum_{i=2}^{n}S(\frac{n}{i}) ∑i=1nϕ(i)∗i=n∗(n+1)∗(2∗n+1)/6−∑i=2nS(in)
- ∑ i = 1 n ϕ ( i ) ∗ i 2 = ∑ i = 1 n i 3 − ∑ i = 2 n S ( n i ) \sum_{i=1}^{n}\phi(i)*i^2=\sum_{i=1}^{n}i^3-\sum_{i=2}^{n}S(\frac{n}{i}) ∑i=1nϕ(i)∗i2=∑i=1ni3−∑i=2nS(in)