新的usb设备的接口device和接口driver的注册匹配(十一)

本文是基于mini2440开发板Linux版本号是linux-2.6.32.2的学习笔记

新的usb接口设备的dev参数如下，接口设备在函数usb_set_configuration中注册。

intf->dev.bus = &usb_bus_type;
intf->dev.type = &usb_if_device_type;
intf->dev.groups = usb_interface_groups;

总线是usb_bus_type，设备类型是usb_if_device_type。它的厂商ID，deviceclass等信息都保存在descriptor这个结构体里面，InterfaceClass等信息都保存在 intf->desc结构体里面。这些信息都是从usb设备里面读出来的。
注册usb接口设备的时候，会遍历总线上所有的driver进行匹配，前面说的匹配规则是：
usb 设备device和usb 设备driver任意匹配；
usb device和usb 接口driver不能匹配；
usb 接口device和usb设备driver不能匹配；
usb接口device和usb接口driver根据driver的id_table进行匹配；
所以这里的usb接口设备只能匹配usb接口driver。
usb接口driver的注册函数前面说到是调用的usb_register函数。
搜索一下usb_register函数，有很多地方调用了这个函数，比如鼠标，键盘，u盘，usb转串口，音频，视频等各种各种的设备。
这里看一个简单的usb鼠标的driver。

static struct usb_driver usb_mouse_driver = {
	.name		= "usbmouse",
	.probe		= usb_mouse_probe,
	.disconnect	= usb_mouse_disconnect,
	.id_table	= usb_mouse_id_table,
};

static int __init usb_mouse_init(void)
{
	int retval = usb_register(&usb_mouse_driver);
	if (retval == 0)
		printk(KERN_INFO KBUILD_MODNAME ": " DRIVER_VERSION ":"
				DRIVER_DESC "\n");
	return retval;
}

usb鼠标driver调用usb_register函数注册，那么device_driver.bus = &usb_bus_type，
driver.probe = usb_probe_interface。

usb设备接口device和接口driver匹配上了后首先调用的是usb_probe_interface函数，但是usb_probe_interface函数里面实际上还是调用的usb_driver的probe函数。也就是上面的usb_mouse_driver的probe函数usb_mouse_probe。

static int usb_probe_interface(struct device *dev)
{
    ……
    error = driver->probe(intf, id);
}

usb属于中断传输类型，上面的usb_mouse_probe函数主要是：
分配并注册一个input device设备；
申请并初始化一个中断urb；
input device 打开的时候就向主机控制器提交一个urb；
主机控制器检测到端口有变化，处理urb请求，完成了urb请求后调用注册的urb->complete函数，也就是usb_mouse_irq函数，同时urb请求的数据放入了mouse->data中；
然后知道了鼠标的左键，右键还是什么键按下了，向输入子系统上抛按键消息；
usb_mouse_irq处理完成之后再一次提交urb;

static int usb_mouse_probe(struct usb_interface *intf, const struct usb_device_id *id)
{
	struct usb_device *dev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
	struct usb_host_interface *interface;
	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *endpoint;
	struct usb_mouse *mouse;
	struct input_dev *input_dev;
	int pipe, maxp;
	int error = -ENOMEM;

	interface = intf->cur_altsetting;

	if (interface->desc.bNumEndpoints != 1)
		return -ENODEV;

	endpoint = &interface->endpoint[0].desc;
	if (!usb_endpoint_is_int_in(endpoint))
		return -ENODEV;

	pipe = usb_rcvintpipe(dev, endpoint->bEndpointAddress);
	maxp = usb_maxpacket(dev, pipe, usb_pipeout(pipe));

	mouse = kzalloc(sizeof(struct usb_mouse), GFP_KERNEL);
	input_dev = input_allocate_device();
	if (!mouse || !input_dev)
		goto fail1;

	mouse->data = usb_buffer_alloc(dev, 8, GFP_ATOMIC, &mouse->data_dma);
	if (!mouse->data)
		goto fail1;

	mouse->irq = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!mouse->irq)
		goto fail2;

	mouse->usbdev = dev;
	mouse->dev = input_dev;

	if (dev->manufacturer)
		strlcpy(mouse->name, dev->manufacturer, sizeof(mouse->name));

	if (dev->product) {
		if (dev->manufacturer)
			strlcat(mouse->name, " ", sizeof(mouse->name));
		strlcat(mouse->name, dev->product, sizeof(mouse->name));
	}

	if (!strlen(mouse->name))
		snprintf(mouse->name, sizeof(mouse->name),
			 "USB HIDBP Mouse %04x:%04x",
			 le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor),
			 le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct));

	usb_make_path(dev, mouse->phys, sizeof(mouse->phys));
	strlcat(mouse->phys, "/input0", sizeof(mouse->phys));

	input_dev->name = mouse->name;
	input_dev->phys = mouse->phys;
	usb_to_input_id(dev, &input_dev->id);
	input_dev->dev.parent = &intf->dev;

	input_dev->evbit[0] = BIT_MASK(EV_KEY) | BIT_MASK(EV_REL);
	input_dev->keybit[BIT_WORD(BTN_MOUSE)] = BIT_MASK(BTN_LEFT) |
		BIT_MASK(BTN_RIGHT) | BIT_MASK(BTN_MIDDLE);
	input_dev->relbit[0] = BIT_MASK(REL_X) | BIT_MASK(REL_Y);
	input_dev->keybit[BIT_WORD(BTN_MOUSE)] |= BIT_MASK(BTN_SIDE) |
		BIT_MASK(BTN_EXTRA);
	input_dev->relbit[0] |= BIT_MASK(REL_WHEEL);

	input_set_drvdata(input_dev, mouse);

	input_dev->open = usb_mouse_open;
	input_dev->close = usb_mouse_close;

	usb_fill_int_urb(mouse->irq, dev, pipe, mouse->data,
			 (maxp > 8 ? 8 : maxp),
			 usb_mouse_irq, mouse, endpoint->bInterval);
	mouse->irq->transfer_dma = mouse->data_dma;
	mouse->irq->transfer_flags |= URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;

	error = input_register_device(mouse->dev);
	if (error)
		goto fail3;

	usb_set_intfdata(intf, mouse);
	return 0;

fail3:	
	usb_free_urb(mouse->irq);
fail2:	
	usb_buffer_free(dev, 8, mouse->data, mouse->data_dma);
fail1:	
	input_free_device(input_dev);
	kfree(mouse);
	return error;
}

文章参考：https://blog.csdn.net/fudan_abc/article/category/325189