docker 命令

  1. 启动docker
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker 开机自启动
  1. 查看版本
[root@localhost ~]# docker -v
Docker version 19.03.13, build 4484c46d9d

3.查看服务状态

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-11-06 23:13:49 PST; 10s ago
     Docs: https://docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 1639 (dockerd)
    Tasks: 13
   Memory: 144.1M
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           └─1639 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/cont...

Nov 06 23:13:48 localhost.localdomain dockerd[1639]: time="2020-11-06T23:13:4...
Nov 06 23:13:48 localhost.localdomain dockerd[1639]: time="2020-11-06T23:13:4...
Nov 06 23:13:48 localhost.localdomain dockerd[1639]: time="2020-11-06T23:13:4...
Nov 06 23:13:48 localhost.localdomain dockerd[1639]: time="2020-11-06T23:13:4...
Nov 06 23:13:49 localhost.localdomain dockerd[1639]: time="2020-11-06T23:13:4...
Nov 06 23:13:49 localhost.localdomain dockerd[1639]: time="2020-11-06T23:13:4...
Nov 06 23:13:49 localhost.localdomain dockerd[1639]: time="2020-11-06T23:13:4...
Nov 06 23:13:49 localhost.localdomain dockerd[1639]: time="2020-11-06T23:13:4...
Nov 06 23:13:49 localhost.localdomain dockerd[1639]: time="2020-11-06T23:13:4...
Nov 06 23:13:49 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application ...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@localhost ~]#


4.查找镜像

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker search centos
NAME                               DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
centos                             The official build of CentOS.                   6268                [OK]
ansible/centos7-ansible            Ansible on Centos7                              132                                     [OK]
consol/centos-xfce-vnc             Centos container with "headless" VNC session…   123                                     [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh                 OpenSSH / Supervisor / EPEL/IUS/SCL Repos - …   115                                     [OK]
centos/systemd                     systemd enabled base container.                 86                                      [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7            MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   84
imagine10255/centos6-lnmp-php56    centos6-lnmp-php56                              58                                      [OK]
tutum/centos                       Simple CentOS docker image with SSH access      46
centos/postgresql-96-centos7       PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational …   45
centos/httpd-24-centos7            Platform for running Apache httpd 2.4 or bui…   36
kinogmt/centos-ssh                 CentOS with SSH                                 29                                      [OK]
pivotaldata/centos-gpdb-dev        CentOS image for GPDB development. Tag names…   13
centos/mariadb-101-centos7         MariaDB 10.1 SQL database server                12
drecom/centos-ruby                 centos ruby                                     6                                       [OK]
centos/tools                       Docker image that has systems administration…   6                                       [OK]
pivotaldata/centos                 Base centos, freshened up a little with a Do…   5
pivotaldata/centos-gcc-toolchain   CentOS with a toolchain, but unaffiliated wi…   3
darksheer/centos                   Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly             3                                       [OK]
pivotaldata/centos-mingw           Using the mingw toolchain to cross-compile t…   3
indigo/centos-maven                Vanilla CentOS 7 with Oracle Java Developmen…   1                                       [OK]
blacklabelops/centos               CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily!     1                                       [OK]
mcnaughton/centos-base             centos base image                               1                                       [OK]
pivotaldata/centos7-dev            CentosOS 7 image for GPDB development           0
smartentry/centos                  centos with smartentry                          0                                       [OK]
pivotaldata/centos6.8-dev          CentosOS 6.8 image for GPDB development         0

5.镜像下载

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker pull ansible/centos7-ansible

在这里插入图片描述6.查看镜像

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos_installed_net-tools   latest              773684bbbd7f        2 hours ago         236MB
centos                       latest              0d120b6ccaa8        2 months ago        215MB
fan_centos                   fanqc               0d120b6ccaa8        2 months ago        215MB
ansible/centos7-ansible      latest              688353a31fde        3 years ago         447MB

7.更改镜像标签

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker tag ansible/centos7-ansible new_centos7-ansible:new-tag
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos_installed_net-tools   latest              773684bbbd7f        2 hours ago         236MB
centos                       latest              0d120b6ccaa8        2 months ago        215MB
fan_centos                   fanqc               0d120b6ccaa8        2 months ago        215MB
ansible/centos7-ansible      latest              688353a31fde        3 years ago         447MB
new_centos7-ansible          new-tag             688353a31fde        3 years ago         447MB

8.删除镜像

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker rmi new_centos7-ansible:new-tag
Untagged: new_centos7-ansible:new-tag
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos_installed_net-tools   latest              773684bbbd7f        2 hours ago         236MB
centos                       latest              0d120b6ccaa8        2 months ago        215MB
ansible/centos7-ansible      latest              688353a31fde        3 years ago         447MB

9.部署镜像,相当于VMware的部署ova,-itd参数, i标准输入 t终端 d后台运行

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker run --name ansible -itd ansible/centos7-ansible
b8c75b3d2115178de0011208924e892f4a5c8c5064917f2874ef65bb8b016cda

11.查看容器,docker ps -a 查看全部开机和未开机的

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                        COMMAND             CREATED              STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
b8c75b3d2115        ansible/centos7-ansible      "/bin/bash"         About a minute ago   Up 58 seconds                           ansible
2f9e533bfbbd        centos_installed_net-tools   "bash"              3 hours ago          Up 3 hours                              new_centos
ed028cc2bae6        centos                       "/bin/bash"         3 hours ago          Up 3 hours                              fan
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                        COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
b8c75b3d2115        ansible/centos7-ansible      "/bin/bash"         3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                                   ansible
2f9e533bfbbd        centos_installed_net-tools   "bash"              3 hours ago         Exited (0) 8 seconds ago                       new_centos
ed028cc2bae6        centos                       "/bin/bash"         3 hours ago         Up 3 hours                                     fan
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#


12.进入容器

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker exec -it new_centos bash
[root@2f9e533bfbbd /]# ifconfig -a
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.3  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 8  bytes 648 (648.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0


13.退出容器

[root@2f9e533bfbbd /]# exit
exit
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

14.关闭容器

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker stop new_centos
new_centos
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                     COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
b8c75b3d2115        ansible/centos7-ansible   "/bin/bash"         10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                           ansible
ed028cc2bae6        centos                    "/bin/bash"         3 hours ago         Up 3 hours                              fan
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                        COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
b8c75b3d2115        ansible/centos7-ansible      "/bin/bash"         10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                                   ansible
2f9e533bfbbd        centos_installed_net-tools   "bash"              3 hours ago         Exited (0) 12 seconds ago                       new_centos
ed028cc2bae6        centos                       "/bin/bash"         3 hours ago         Up 3 hours                                      fan
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

15.启动容器

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker start new_centos
new_centos
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                        COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
b8c75b3d2115        ansible/centos7-ansible      "/bin/bash"         13 minutes ago      Up 13 minutes                           ansible
2f9e533bfbbd        centos_installed_net-tools   "bash"              3 hours ago         Up 33 seconds                           new_centos
ed028cc2bae6        centos                       "/bin/bash"         3 hours ago         Up 3 hours                              fan
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

16.删除容器,一般建议是先停止再删除,也可以运行中强制删除

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker rm -f ansible
ansible
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                        COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
2f9e533bfbbd        centos_installed_net-tools   "bash"              3 hours ago         Up 2 minutes                            new_centos
ed028cc2bae6        centos                       "/bin/bash"         3 hours ago         Up 3 hours                              fan
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

17.导出容器

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker export -o new_centos.tar new_centos
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  docker.repo  new_centos.tar  redhat.repo  rpm
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

18.导入容器,导入后在镜像库中查看,可以用此镜像再部署容器

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker import new_centos.tar newcentos2
sha256:2e323086835787331093168f070c02d7c4f8cfc873aeba2d8518a8ea36f73652
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
newcentos2                   latest              2e3230868357        5 seconds ago       236MB
centos_installed_net-tools   latest              773684bbbd7f        3 hours ago         236MB
centos                       latest              0d120b6ccaa8        2 months ago        215MB
ansible/centos7-ansible      latest              688353a31fde        3 years ago         447MB
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

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