list
- 基本特性
有序可变,元素可以是任何已知的数据结构
- 初始化
a = []
a = [1,3,54]
a = [1, '34', (2,4)]
- 增删改查
a.append()
a.extend()
a.pop()
a.pop(index)
a[0] = 'need'
a.clear()
x in a
- 遍历
for x in list:
print(i)
- 最大,最小,排序
max()
min()
sorted()
sorted与sort区别
dict
- 基本特性
无序,不可变, key-value 键对值,key不可更改
- 初始化
a = {}
a = {'name': 'dog', 'color': black}
- 增删改查
a[age] = 18
a.pop(key)
del a[key]
4. 遍历
a = {'name': 'dog', 'color': 'black'}
a['age'] = 18
for key in a:
print(key)
print(a[key])
for key, value in a.items():
print(key, value)
- 最大,最小,排序
import operator
my_dict = { 'key1': 3, 'key2':2, 'key3': 1,'key0':0}
print(my_dict)
print("===================")
print("sorted")
print()
print("1.",sorted(my_dict))#按照key排序
print("2.",sorted(my_dict, key=my_dict.get))#按照value排序,输出list
print("3.",sorted(my_dict.items(), key=lambda x: x[1]))#按照value排序,输出dict
print("4.",sorted(my_dict.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1)))#按照value排序,输出dict
print()
print("===================")
print("min ~~ max")
print()
print("1.",max(my_dict))#按照key取最大值
print("2.",max(my_dict, key=my_dict.get))#按照value取最大值
print("3.",max(my_dict.items(), key=lambda x: x[1]))#按照value排序,返回dict
print("4.",max(my_dict.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])[0])#按照value排序,返回dict第一个元素
print("5.",max(my_dict.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1)))#按照value排序,返回dict
print("6.",max(my_dict.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1))[0])
set(收集元素)
- 基本特性
元素唯一,无序,可变
- 初始化
a = set() #如果a = {}会创建成dict
a = set(list)
a = set(tuple)
- 增删改查
a.add()
a.update([1,2,3,1,2,3])
a.pop()#随机删除一个元素
a.remove(key)
a.clear()
- 遍历
for element in a:
print(element)
- 最大,最小,排序
tuple
1.赋值
a = 2, 3
print(a)
print(type(a)
2.元组解包
demension = 52, 40, 100
length, width, height = demension
print("The dimensions are {} x {} x {}".format(length, width, height))
print("The dimensions are {} x {} x {}".format(*demension))