Python 引用和回收机制

Python作为现代最易用的编程语言之一，常常令使用者忘记引用管理(指针)，内存管理，对象回收的问题。

本人在使用Python的过程中遇到的最浅显的问题：List列表和Dict字典等作为函数参数传入，在函数调用后可以一同改变内部数值，而单一的数值则无法随同函数调用一同改变。

参考该博文python对象和垃圾回收

Number测试

本人先对数值做了如下测试：

b = 1
print("b is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(b))
c = b
print("c is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(c))
a = c
if c is b:
    print("c is b")
    pass
if a is b:
    print("a is b")
    pass
print("a is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(a))
print("b is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(b))
print("c is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(c))

输出结果：

b is referred 132
c is referred 133
c is b
a is b
a is referred 134
b is referred 134
c is referred 134

 证明：计数器对于b=1这个对象又新增了2两个引用

当改变c或b时：

c += 1
print("a is %d" % a)
print("b is %d" % b)
print("c is %d" % c)

print("a is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(a))
print("b is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(b))
print("c is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(c))

if a is b:
    print("a is b")
    pass

if a is c:
    print("a is c")
    pass

b = 2

print("a is %d" % a)
print("b is %d" % b)
print("c is %d" % c)

if a is b:
    print("a is b")
    pass

if a is c:
    print("a is c")
    pass

print("b is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(b))
print("c is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(c))
print("a is referred %d"% sys.getrefcount(a))

输出为：

a is 1
b is 1
c is 2
a is referred 133
b is referred 133
c is referred 97
a is b

a is 1
b is 2
c is 2
b is referred 98
c is referred 98
a is referred 132

 

证明：当Number类型引用链的任意一个环节数值被修改时，则会自动将引用指向数值为被修改值的对象

使用getrefcount测试回收机制

真厉..h..还没测呢...还没测...