HttpsURLConnection

使用HttpsURLConnection访问https资源（自签名）

原创

passengers

工作日志

2017/07/07 16:44

阅读数 3.5K

https（安全超文本传输协议）与http（超文本传输协议）相比，多了一层SSL认证，需要我们提供特定网点的证书才能访问 如果我们纯粹的用HttpsURLConnection去访问，则会报异常（使用不同的框架会导致所报的异常不同）

解决办法： 一、设置HttpsURLConnection，让它信任所有证书（即跳过验证步骤） 二、为HttpsURLConnection添加一个所信任的证书 代码： 方法一：信任所有证书 public class GetUndoVerifyHttpsRequest {

final static HostnameVerifier DO_NOT_VERIFY = new HostnameVerifier() {

    public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
        return true;
    }	//将所有验证的结果都设为true
};

public static String getStart(String urlString) throws Exception {
    HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection;
    HttpsURLConnection httpsURLConnection;

    URL url = new URL(urlString);
    trustAllHosts();
    httpsURLConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();

    if (url.getProtocol().toLowerCase().equals("https")) {
        httpsURLConnection.setHostnameVerifier(DO_NOT_VERIFY);
        httpURLConnection = httpsURLConnection;
    } else {	//判断是https请求还是http请求
        httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    }
    httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
    httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(5000);

    if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
        InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int len = 0;
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        while ((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1) {
            byteArrayOutputStream.write(bytes, 0, len);
        }
        String values = new String(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray());
        inputStream.close();
        byteArrayOutputStream.close();

        return values;
    }
    return null;
}

/**
 * 不检查任何证书
 */
private static void trustAllHosts() {
    final String TAG = "trustAllHosts";
    // 创建信任管理器
    TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{new X509TrustManager() {

        public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[]{};
        }

        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
            Log.i(TAG, "checkClientTrusted");
        }

        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
            Log.i(TAG, "checkServerTrusted");
        }
    }};

    // Install the all-trusting trust manager
    try {
        SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
        HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

} 方法二：添加证书验证 public class GetVerifyHttpsRequest {

private static TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory;

public static String getStart(String urlString, Context context) throws Exception {

    CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
    InputStream inputStreamCrt = context.getAssets().open("load-der.crt");//将你所导出的证书放入Assets文件中，在这里引用
    Certificate certificate = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(inputStreamCrt);

    KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
    keyStore.load(null, null);
    keyStore.setCertificateEntry("ca", certificate);

    String tmfAlgorithm = TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm();
    trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(tmfAlgorithm);
    trustManagerFactory.init(keyStore);

    getRequest(urlString);
    return tmfAlgorithm;
}

public static String getRequest(String urlString) throws Exception {
    HttpsURLConnection httpsURLConnection;

    SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
    sslContext.init(null, trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(), null);
    URL url = new URL(urlString);

    httpsURLConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    httpsURLConnection.setSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory());
    httpsURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
    httpsURLConnection.setReadTimeout(5000);

    if (httpsURLConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
        InputStream inputStream = httpsURLConnection.getInputStream();
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int len = 0;
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        while ((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1) {
            byteArrayOutputStream.write(bytes, 0, len);
        }
        String values = new String(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray());
        inputStream.close();
        byteArrayOutputStream.close();

        return values;
    }
    return null;
}

}

（附）普通连接：

public class GetNormalVerifyHttpRequest { public static String getStart(String urlString) throws Exception { HttpsURLConnection httpsURLConnection;

    URL url = new URL(urlString);//获取地址，将其转换成URL类
    httpsURLConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();//通过地址拿到连接
    httpsURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");//设置请求方式（GET请求还是POST）
    httpsURLConnection.setReadTimeout(5000);//设置连接超时时间

    if (httpsURLConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
//如果返回码等于200，创建一个读入流来读取网络上的数据
        InputStream inputStream = httpsURLConnection.getInputStream();
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int len = 0;
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        while ((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1) {
            byteArrayOutputStream.write(bytes, 0, len);
        }//写入数据
        String values = new String(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray());//将所读到的数据通过String的构造方法放入values中，并关流返回
        inputStream.close();
        byteArrayOutputStream.close();

        return values;
    }
    return null;
}

}