Docker教程（二）：docker常用命令

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-26 19:37:37 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-26 19:37:37 发布

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分类专栏： docker 文章标签： docker java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39085109/article/details/106886336

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前言

本文根据狂神说视频资料整理。https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1og4y1q7M4?from=search&seid=16447684728895719563

Docker常用命令

帮助命令

docker version      # 显示docker的版本
docker info         # 显示docker的系统信息，包括镜像和容器的数量
docker 命令 --help   # 帮助命令

帮助文档的地址：https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/

镜像命令

docker images

[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              bf756fb1ae65        5 months ago        13.3kB

#解释
REPOSITORY   镜像的仓库
TAG          镜像的标签
IMAGE ID     镜像的ID
CREATED      镜像的创建时间
SIZE         镜像的大小

#可选项
-a, --all       #列出所有镜像
-q, --quiet     #只显示镜像的id

docker search 搜索镜像

[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   9645                [OK]                
mariadb                           MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3506                [OK]   

#可选项
--filter=STARTS=3000
# 搜索镜像就是stars数大于3000
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker search mysql --filter=STARS=3000
NAME                DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mysql               MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   9645                [OK]                
mariadb             MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3506                [OK]

docker pull 下载镜像

#下载镜像 docker pull 镜像名[:tag]
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest    #如果不写tag，默认就是 latest
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
8559a31e96f4: Pull complete  #分层下载，docker image的核心  联合文件系统
d51ce1c2e575: Pull complete 
c2344adc4858: Pull complete 
fcf3ceff18fc: Pull complete 
16da0c38dc5b: Pull complete 
b905d1797e97: Pull complete 
4b50d1c6b05c: Pull complete 
c75914a65ca2: Pull complete 
1ae8042bdd09: Pull complete 
453ac13c00a3: Pull complete 
9e680cd72f08: Pull complete 
a6b5dc864b6c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:8b7b328a7ff6de46ef96bcf83af048cb00a1c86282bfca0cb119c84568b4caf6   #签名
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest     # 真实地址

#等价于它
docker pull mysql
docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest

#指定版本下载
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
8559a31e96f4: Already exists       #有重复的文件就不会再下载了
d51ce1c2e575: Already exists 
c2344adc4858: Already exists 
fcf3ceff18fc: Already exists 
16da0c38dc5b: Already exists 
b905d1797e97: Already exists 
4b50d1c6b05c: Already exists 
d85174a87144: Pull complete 
a4ad33703fa8: Pull complete 
f7a5433ce20d: Pull complete 
3dcd2a278b4a: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:32f9d9a069f7a735e28fd44ea944d53c61f990ba71460c5c183e610854ca4854
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7

docker rmi 删除镜像

docker rmi -f 容器id     #删除指定容器
docker rmi -f 容器id  容器id  容器id  #删除多个指定容器
docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)  #递归删除所有的容器

[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mysql               5.7                 9cfcce23593a        10 days ago         448MB
mysql               latest              be0dbf01a0f3        10 days ago         541MB
hello-world         latest              bf756fb1ae65        5 months ago        13.3kB
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker rmi -f 9cfcce23593a
Untagged: mysql:5.7
Untagged: mysql@sha256:32f9d9a069f7a735e28fd44ea944d53c61f990ba71460c5c183e610854ca4854
Deleted: sha256:9cfcce23593a93135ca6dbf3ed544d1db9324d4c40b5c0d56958165bfaa2d46a
Deleted: sha256:98de3e212919056def8c639045293658f6e6022794807d4b0126945ddc8324be
Deleted: sha256:17e8b88858e400f8c5e10e7cb3fbab9477f6d8aacba03b8167d34a91dbe4d8c1
Deleted: sha256:c04c087c2af9abd64ba32fe89d65e6d83da514758923de5da154541cc01a3a1e
Deleted: sha256:ab8bf065b402b99aec4f12c648535ef1b8dc954b4e1773bdffa10ae2027d3e00
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mysql               latest              be0dbf01a0f3        10 days ago         541MB
hello-world         latest              bf756fb1ae65        5 months ago        13.3kB
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)
Untagged: mysql:latest
Untagged: mysql@sha256:8b7b328a7ff6de46ef96bcf83af048cb00a1c86282bfca0cb119c84568b4caf6
Deleted: sha256:be0dbf01a0f3f46fc8c88b67696e74e7005c3e16d9071032fa0cd89773771576
Deleted: sha256:086d66e8d1cb0d52e9337eabb11fb9b95960e2e1628d90100c62ea5e8bf72306
Deleted: sha256:f37c61ee1973b18c285d0d5fcf02da4bcdb1f3920981499d2a20b2858500a110
Deleted: sha256:e40b8bca7dc63fc8d188a412328e56caf179022f5e5d5b323aae57d233fb1069
Deleted: sha256:339f6b96b27eb035cbedc510adad2560132925a835f0afddbcc1d311c961c14b
Deleted: sha256:d38b06cdb26a5c98857ddbc6ef531d3f57b00e325c0c314600b712efc7ff6ab0
Deleted: sha256:09687cd9cdf4c704fde969fdba370c2d848bc614689712bef1a31d0d581f2007
Deleted: sha256:b704a4a65bf536f82e5d8b86e633d19185e26313de8380162e778feb2852011a
Deleted: sha256:c37206160543786228aa0cce738e85343173851faa44bb4dc07dc9b7dc4ff1c1
Deleted: sha256:12912c9ec523f648130e663d9d4f0a47c1841a0064d4152bcf7b2a97f96326eb
Deleted: sha256:57d29ad88aa49f0f439592755722e70710501b366e2be6125c95accc43464844
Deleted: sha256:b17c024283d0302615c6f0c825137da9db607d49a83d2215a79733afbbaeb7c3
Deleted: sha256:13cb14c2acd34e45446a50af25cb05095a17624678dbafbcc9e26086547c1d74
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:6a65f928fb91fcfbc963f7aa6d57c8eeb426ad9a20c7ee045538ef34847f44f1
Deleted: sha256:bf756fb1ae65adf866bd8c456593cd24beb6a0a061dedf42b26a993176745f6b
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

容器命令

先下载linux镜像，centos

docker run [可选参数] image

#参数说明
--name="NAME"  # 给容器起名字，作为区分
-d             # 后台运行方式
-it            # 使用交互方式运行，进入容器查看内容
-p             # 指定容器的端口 -p 8080:8080
     -p ip:主机端口：容器端口
     -p 主机端口：容器端口  （常用）
-p             # 随机指定端口

# 测试，启动并进入容器
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@86b18b591598 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@86b18b591598 /]# exit
exit
# 从容器中退回主机
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# ls
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  install.sh  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  patch  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var  www

列出所有运行的容器

#docker ps 命令
      # 列出当前正在运行的容器
-a    # 列出当前正在运行的容器以及历史运行过的容器
-n=?  # 列出？个最近创建的容器
-q    # 只显示容器的编号


[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz /]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
86b18b591598        centos              "/bin/bash"         10 minutes ago      Exited (0) 8 minutes ago                       trusting_raman
58384b6b7d03        centos              "/bin/bash/"        10 minutes ago      Created                                        festive_keller
3e1ad830adeb        bf756fb1ae65        "/hello"            2 hours ago         Exited (0) 2 hours ago                         peaceful_kepler
47c61563f7fc        bf756fb1ae65        "/hello"            9 days ago          Exited (0) 9 days ago                          fervent_turing

退出容器

exit           # 直接容器退出并停止
Ctrl + p + q   # 容器退出但不停止

删除容器

docker rm 容器id                    # 删除指定的容器，不能删除正在运行的容器，如果要强制删除 rm -f
docker rm -f $(docker iamges -aq)  # 删除所有容器
docker ps -a|xargs docker rm       # 删除所有容器

启动和停止容器的操作

docker start 容器id       # 启动容器
docker restart 容器id     # 重启容器
docker stop 容器id        # 停止容器
docker kill 容器id        # 杀死容器

常用其它命令

后台启动容器

# 命令 docker run -d centos
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz ~]# docker run -d centos

# 问题docker ps 发现centos停止了

# 常见问题：docker 容器使用后台运行，就必须要有一个前台进程，docker发现没有应用，就会自动停止。
# Nginx，容器启动后，发现自己没有提供服务，就会立刻停止，就是没有程序了

查看日志

docker logs -tf --tail 行数 

# 自己编写一个脚本
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz ~]# docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo daodao;sleep 1;done"

# 查看日志
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz ~]# docker logs -tf --tail 10 78ccaf77e9c8 
2020-06-19T12:48:24.567002546Z daodao
2020-06-19T12:48:25.568855821Z daodao
2020-06-19T12:48:26.570856905Z daodao
2020-06-19T12:48:27.573024454Z daodao
2020-06-19T12:48:28.575491721Z daodao

查看容器中的id

[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz ~]# docker top 78ccaf77e9c8
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                9359                9342                0                   20:47               ?                   00:00:00            /bin/sh -c while true;do echo daodao;sleep 1;done
root                9692                9359                0                   20:51               ?                   00:00:00            /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 1

查看镜像的元数据

[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz ~]# docker inspect 78ccaf77e9c8
[
    {
        "Id": "78ccaf77e9c8c1f5220728fe5894915dbce1b0b4e1ea1562d850cea55d2629c5",
        "Created": "2020-06-19T12:47:32.967578778Z",
        "Path": "/bin/sh",
        "Args": [
            "-c",
            "while true;do echo daodao;sleep 1;done"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 9359,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2020-06-19T12:47:33.458508266Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:831691599b88ad6cc2a4abbd0e89661a121aff14cfa289ad840fd3946f274f1f",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/78ccaf77e9c8c1f5220728fe5894915dbce1b0b4e1ea1562d850cea55d2629c5/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/78ccaf77e9c8c1f5220728fe5894915dbce1b0b4e1ea1562d850cea55d2629c5/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/78ccaf77e9c8c1f5220728fe5894915dbce1b0b4e1ea1562d850cea55d2629c5/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/78ccaf77e9c8c1f5220728fe5894915dbce1b0b4e1ea1562d850cea55d2629c5/78ccaf77e9c8c1f5220728fe5894915dbce1b0b4e1ea1562d850cea55d2629c5-json.log",
        "Name": "/stupefied_jones",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "Capabilities": null,
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38121800db8ce62235a7ab5a8d4f0ff5b58c8916b59c76ef2cab6ee04d52fc0b-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/032acbb5a63c70ee37c8e02d18c7b316363361ab4f13ee86bfb14278c9cd180d/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38121800db8ce62235a7ab5a8d4f0ff5b58c8916b59c76ef2cab6ee04d52fc0b/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38121800db8ce62235a7ab5a8d4f0ff5b58c8916b59c76ef2cab6ee04d52fc0b/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38121800db8ce62235a7ab5a8d4f0ff5b58c8916b59c76ef2cab6ee04d52fc0b/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "78ccaf77e9c8",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/sh",
                "-c",
                "while true;do echo daodao;sleep 1;done"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20200611",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "373bbf0ff7fab5236a8423586ead6ec1be67535ecb06561e107d15002d88d2ef",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/373bbf0ff7fa",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "204bd4d0eb570751e120713ffd2eb90392710a4194bc92eda3e8f8220377f764",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "31ed304d052745b0a98f4d12f3b4215f3b3509bc2a1cad42764e05ad24b34435",
                    "EndpointID": "204bd4d0eb570751e120713ffd2eb90392710a4194bc92eda3e8f8220377f764",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

进入当前正在运行的容器

# 我们的容器通常都是后台的方式运行的，需要进入容器进行一些配置的修改

# 命令
docker  exec -it 容器id bash

#测试
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
78ccaf77e9c8        centos              "/bin/sh -c 'while t…"   12 minutes ago      Up 12 minutes                           stupefied_jones
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz ~]# docker exec -it 78ccaf77e9c8 /bin/bash
[root@78ccaf77e9c8 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@78ccaf77e9c8 /]# ps -ef
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root         1     0  0 12:47 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh -c while true;do echo daodao;sleep 1;done
root       779     0  0 13:00 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/bash
root       805     1  0 13:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 1
root       806   779  0 13:00 pts/0    00:00:00 ps -ef


# 方式二
docker attach 容器id
# 测试
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
1489b57703f0        centos              "/bin/bash"         31 seconds ago      Up 30 seconds                           exciting_wescoff
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz ~]# docker attach 1489b57703f0

# docker exec       # 进入容器后开启一个新的终端，可以在里面操作（常用）
# docker attach     # 进入容器正在执行的终端，不会启动新的进程！

从容器拷贝文件到主机上

docker cp 容器id:容器内路径  目的地主机路径

# 进入到容器内部
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz home]# docker attach 6ddce6946291
[root@6ddce6946291 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@6ddce6946291 /]# cd home
[root@6ddce6946291 home]# ls
# 新建一个test.java文件
[root@6ddce6946291 home]# touch test.java
[root@6ddce6946291 home]# ls
test.java
# 退出
[root@6ddce6946291 home]# exit
exit
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz home]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz home]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                       PORTS               NAMES
6ddce6946291        centos              "/bin/bash"         2 minutes ago       Exited (0) 29 seconds ago                        elastic_nobel
1489b57703f0        centos              "/bin/bash"         9 minutes ago       Exited (0) 4 minutes ago                         exciting_wescoff
c0bc380485c7        centos              "/bin/bash"         9 minutes ago       Exited (127) 9 minutes ago                       agitated_wilson
6bc800b8b1c7        centos              "/bin/bash"         10 minutes ago      Exited (0) 10 minutes ago                        wonderful_varahamihira
05c890820c86        centos              "/bin/bash"         41 minutes ago      Exited (0) 41 minutes ago                        gracious_lalande
4abe9a45eb5f        centos              "/bin/bash"         4 hours ago         Exited (127) 4 hours ago                         dazzling_noyce
58384b6b7d03        centos              "/bin/bash/"        4 hours ago         Created                                          festive_keller
3e1ad830adeb        bf756fb1ae65        "/hello"            6 hours ago         Exited (0) 6 hours ago                           peaceful_kepler
47c61563f7fc        bf756fb1ae65        "/hello"            9 days ago          Exited (0) 9 days ago                            fervent_turing
# 复制到主机中
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz home]# docker cp 6ddce6946291:/home/test.java /home
[root@izbp1bbjc5qwrrd5z2ezayz home]# ls
f2  test1  test.java  www

小结

attach      Attach to a running container 	      # 当前shell下attach连接指定运行的镜像
build       Build an image from a Dockerfile        # 通过Dockerfile定制镜像
commit      Create a new image from a container changes  #提交当前容器为新的镜像
cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem #从容器中拷贝指定文件或目录到宿主机中
create      Create a new container 		      # 创建一个新的容器，同run,但不启动容器
diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem #查看docker容器的变化
events      Get real time events from the server    # 从docker服务获取容器实时事件
exec        Run a command in a running container    # 在已存在的容器上运行命令
export      Export a container filesystem as a tar archive # 导出容器的内容流作为一个tar归档文件[对应import]
history     Show the history of an image         # 展示一个镜像形成历史
images      List images                          # 列出系统当前的镜像
import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image # 从tar包中的内容创建一个新的文件系统镜像[对应export]
info        Display system-wide information      # 显示系统相关信息
inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects # 查看容器详细信息
kill        Kill one or more running containers  # 杀死指定的docker容器
load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN # 从一个tar包加载一个镜像[对应save]
login       Log in to a Docker registry	   # 注册或者登录一个docker源服务器
logout      Log out from a Docker registry	   # 从当前Docker registry退出
logs        Fetch the logs of a container        # 输出当前容器日志信息
pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers 	 # 暂停容器
port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container # 查看映射端口对应容器内部源端口
ps          List containers			   # 列出容器列表
pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry # 从docker镜像源服务器拉取指定镜像或库镜像
push        Push an image or a repository to a registry   # 推送指定镜像或者库镜像至docker源服务器
rename      Rename a container		   # 给docker容器重新命名
restart     Restart one or more containers	   # 重启运行的容器
rm          Remove one or more containers	   # 移除一个或者多个容器
rmi         Remove one or more images		   # 移除一个或者多个镜像[无容器使用该镜像时才可删除，否则需删除相关容器才可继续或 -f 强制删除]
run         Run a command in a new container	   # 创建一个新的容器并运行一个命令
save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default) # 保存一个镜像为一个tar包[对应load]
search      Search the Docker Hub for images     # 在docker hub中搜索镜像
start       Start one or more stopped containers # 启动容器
stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics # 实时显示容器资源使用统计
stop        Stop one or more running containers  # 停止容器
tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE # 给源中镜像打标签
top         Display the running processes of a container   	  # 查看容器中运行的进程信息
unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers # 取消暂停容器
update      Update configuration of one or more containers	  # 更新一个或多个容器配置
version     Show the Docker version information  # 查看docker版本号 
wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes # 截取容器停止时的退出状态值

可视化

portainer

docker run -d -p 9000:9000 \
> --restart=always \
> -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \ --name prtainer-test \docker.io/portainer/portainer

网站：http://112.124.16.77:8088

在这里插入图片描述

设置用户和密码登入进去即可

请叫我刀刀啊

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Docker教程（二）：docker常用命令

前言本文根据狂神说视频资料整理。https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1og4y1q7M4?from=search&seid=16447684728895719563Docker常用命令帮助命令docker version # 显示docker的版本docker info # 显示docker的系统信息，包括镜像和容器的数量docker 命令 --help # 帮助命令帮助文档的地址：https://docs.docker.
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