Flutter dart对象操作符

 - 条件成员访问 ?.
 - 类型转换 as
 - 类型判断 是否为指定的类型  is  is!
 - 级联操作符

1. 条件成员访问 ?.
   原因：在不确定对象是否被实例化之前使用 ?. 避免空指针错误的发生
   例如：

   void main(){
     Person person;
     person.work();
   }
   
   
   class Person{
     String name;
     int age;
   
     void work(){
       print("work...");
     }
   
   }
   

   由于Person 没有被实例化 导致调用work() 时出现空对象报错

   lib/Rectangle.dart: Warning: Interpreting this as package URI, 'package:myflutterdemo/Rectangle.dart'.
   Unhandled exception:
   NoSuchMethodError: The method 'work' was called on null.
   Receiver: null
   Tried calling: work()
   #0      Object.noSuchMethod (dart:core-patch/object_patch.dart:51:5)
   #1      main (package:myflutterdemo/Rectangle.dart:3:10)
   #2      _startIsolate.<anonymous closure> (dart:isolate-patch/isolate_patch.dart:301:19)
   #3      _RawReceivePortImpl._handleMessage (dart:isolate-patch/isolate_patch.dart:168:12)
   
   Process finished with exit code 255
   

   解决方案

   void main(){
     Person person;
     //加入条件操作符
     person?.work();
   }
   
   
   class Person{
     String name;
     int age;
   
     void work(){
       print("work...");
     }
   
   }
   

2. 类型转换操作符 as
   

   这时类型就变成了dynamic 如何转换成Person 类型那？ 使用as

   void main(){
     var person = new Person();
     (person as Person).work();
   }
   
   
   class Person{
     String name;
     int age;
   
     void work(){
       print("work...");
     }
   
   }
   

3. is is! 判断是否是什么类型
   用于解决直接as导致类型强转错误的问题

   void main(){
     var person;
     person = "";
     if(person is Person){
       person.work();
     }
   }
   
   
   class Person{
     String name;
     int age;
   
     void work(){
       print("work...");
     }
   
   }
   

4. 级联运算操作符
   用于简化类赋值及操作

   void main(){
     var person;
     person = new Person();
     if(person is Person){
       //级联运算操作
       person..name = "张三"
           ..age = 20
           ..work();
     }
   }
   
   
   class Person{
     String name;
     int age;
   
     void work(){
       print("work...$name / $age");
     }
   
   }