np.newaxis和np.tile

np.newaxis

import numpy as np

a = np.array([0.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0])
b = np.array([1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
a[:, np.newaxis] + b
# array([[  1.,   2.,   3.],
#        [ 11.,  12.,  13.],
#        [ 21.,  22.,  23.],
#        [ 31.,  32.,  33.]])

b = np.array([1, 2, 3])
print(b) # [1 2 3]
print(b[np.newaxis])  # [[1 2 3]]

c = b[np.newaxis]  # equals c = b[np.newaxis,:]

print(b.shape) # (3,)
print(c.shape) # (1, 3)

# 看一下转置的时候有什么区别
print(np.transpose(b)) # [1 2 3]
print(np.transpose(c))
# [[1]
#  [2]
#  [3]]

np.title

import numpy as np
x = np.array([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9], [10,11,12]])
v = np.array([1, 0, 1])
vv = np.tile(v, (4, 1))  # Stack 4 copies of v on top of each other 拓展
print(vv)
# [[1 0 1]
#  [1 0 1]
#  [1 0 1]
#  [1 0 1]]

y = x + vv
print(y)
# [[ 2  2  4]
#  [ 5  5  7]
#  [ 8  8 10]
#  [11 11 13]]