每个模型层都可以被映射为数据库中的一个数据库,而类属性被映射为数据字段,除此之外,数据表的主键、外键、约束等都可以通过属性完成定义
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Category(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(verbose_name="分类名称",max_length=20) #=> varchar
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间",auto_now_add=True) #
update_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="更新时间",auto_now=True) #
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Meta:
# db_table = "category" #实际在数据库里面创建的表名
verbose_name = "分类表"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
#python
#10
class Article(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(verbose_name="文章标题",max_length=50)
desc = models.CharField(verbose_name="文章描述",max_length=100) #255
content = models.TextField(verbose_name="文章内容") #文本类型
img = models.ImageField(verbose_name="文章图片",null=True,blank=True,upload_to='./static') #
show_count = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="查看次数",default=0)
category = models.ForeignKey(Category,on_delete=models.PROTECT,verbose_name="分类")
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间",auto_now_add=True) #
update_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="更新时间",auto_now=True) #
#models.DO_NOTHING 什么也不做
#models.CASCADE 级联
#models.SET_DEFAULT #设置一个默认值
#models.PROTECT 受保护的
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Meta:
db_table = "article"
verbose_name = "文章"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
后通过 命令输入数据库
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
单独的python文件想要去查询数据库
import os,django
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'tqz_django.settings')
django.setup()
#指定django的配置
from user import models
#
# print( models.Category.objects.all() ) #查询所有的数据
#
# for obj in models.Category.objects.all():
# print(obj.name)
#
# #select * from category;
#
# obj = models.Category.objects.get(id=1) #只能返回一条数据,返回多条数据会报错
# #select * from category where id = 1;
#
# print(obj.name)
# print(obj.create_time)
# print(obj.update_time)
#基本的查询
# print(models.Article.objects.filter(category_id=2))
# print(models.Article.objects.get(category_id=2))
#新增
# models.Article.objects.create(
# title="python123",
# desc="这是描述",
# content="文章内容太",
# category_id=2
# )
# art = models.Article(title="python456",desc="描述",content="python456python456",category_id=2)
# art.save()
#修改
#单个修改
# a = models.Article.objects.get(id=1)
# a.title = "万术成要吃饭"
# a.save()
#批量修改
# models.Article.objects.filter(show_count=0).update(show_count=500)#按照条件
#models.Article.objects.all().update(show_count=500) #修改所有的
#单个删除
# a = models.Article.objects.get(id=1)
# a.delete()
# models.Article.objects.filter(show_count=0).delete()#按照条件删除
# models.Article.objects.all().delete() #删除所有的
需要去添加相关代码
如果需要在admin网站上看到这些数据,需要在admin.py添加该类
from django.contrib import admin
# Register your models here.
from . import models
admin.site.register(models.Category)
admin.site.register(models.Article)
在admin后台添加数据,可以在网页看到,写for循环并且显示数据
<!--文章分类-->
<div class="card border-0 rounded-0 px-3 mb-2 mb-md-3" id="category-card">
<div class="card-header bg-white px-0">
<strong><i class="fa fa-book mr-2 f-17"></i>文章分类</strong>
</div>
<ul class="list-group list-group-flush f-16">
{% for category in categories %}
<li class="list-group-item d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center pr-2 py-2">
<a class="category-item" href="/category?id={{ category.id }}" title="查看【CI/CD】分类下所有文章">{{ category.name }}</a>
<span class="badge text-center" title="当前分类下有6篇文章">{{ category.article_set.count }}</span>
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</div>