mysql 45道练习题

之前网上的45道mysql练习题，自己打了一遍，同时发现题目的一些问题，并自己想了一些变种，分享一下

建立学生表信息student

CREATE TABLE student(
sno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
sname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
ssex VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
sbirthday datetime,
class VARCHAR(20)
);

建立教师表teacher

CREATE TABLE teacher
(
tno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
tname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
tsex VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
tbirthday datetime,
prof VARCHAR(20), # 职称
depart VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL
);

建立课程表course

CREATE TABLE course
(
cno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
cname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
tno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY(tno) REFERENCES teacher(tno) # 外键
);

建立成绩表score

CREATE TABLE score
(
sno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY(sno) REFERENCES student(sno),
cno VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY(cno) REFERENCES course(cno),
degree DECIMAL, # 分数
PRIMARY KEY(sno, degree) # 要设置为联合逐渐才行
);

添加学生信息

insert into student values('108','曾华','男','1977-09-01','95033');
insert into student values('105','匡明','男','1975-10-02','95031');
insert into student values('107','王丽','女','1976-01-23','95033');
insert into student values('101','李军','男','1976-02-20','95033');
insert into student values('109','王芳','女','1975-02-10','95031');
insert into student values('103','陆君','男','1974-06-03','95031');

添加教师表

insert into teacher values('804','李诚','男','1958-12-02','副教授','计算机系');
insert into teacher values('856','张旭','男','1969-03-12','讲师','电子工程系');
insert into teacher values('825','王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','计算机系');
insert into teacher values('831','刘冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','电子工程系');

添加课程表

insert into course values('3-105','计算机导论','825');
insert into course values('3-245','操作系统','804');
insert into course values('6-166','数字电路','856');
insert into course values('9-888','高等数学','831');

添加成绩表

insert into score values('103','3-245','86');
insert into score values('105','3-245','75');
insert into score values('109','3-245','68');
insert into score values('103','3-105','92');
insert into score values('105','3-105','88');
insert into score values('109','3-105','76');
insert into score values('103','3-105','64');
insert into score values('105','3-105','91');
insert into score values('109','3-105','78');
insert into score values('103','6-166','85');
insert into score values('105','6-166','79');
insert into score values('109','6-166','81');

练习开始：

1、查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列

SELECT sname, ssex, class from student;

2、查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列

SELECT DISTINCT depart FROM teacher;

3、查询Student表的所有记录

SELECT * FROM student;

4、查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录

SELECT * FROM score
WHERE degree BETWEEN 60 AND 80;

5、查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录

SELECT * FROM score
WHERE degree in (85, 86, 88);

6、查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录

SELECT * FROM student
WHERE class = '95031' or ssex = '女';

7、以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录

SELECT * FROM student
ORDER BY class DESC;

8、以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录

SELECT * FROM score
ORDER BY cno asc, degree DESC;

9、查询“95031”班的学生人数。

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM student
WHERE class = '95301';

10、查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。（子查询或者排序）

子查询

SELECT sno, cno, FROM score WHERE degree = (
SELECT max(degree) FROM score);

排序查询

SELECT sno, cno FROM score ORDER BY degree DESC LIMIT 0,1;

11、 查询每门课的平均成绩。

SELECT cno, AVG(degree) FROM score GROUP BY cno;

12、查询Score表中至少有2名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。

方法一

SELECT cno, AVG(degree) FROM score
WHERE cno LIKE '3%'
GROUP BY cno
HAVING COUNT(sno) >= 2;

方法二

SELECT AVG(degree) FROM score
WHERE cno LIKE '3%' AND cno in (
SELECT cno FROM score GROUP BY cno HAVING COUNT(*) >2
);

13、查询分数大于70，小于90的Sno列。

SELECT sno FROM score
WHERE degree > 70 AND degree < 90;

14、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列，多表查询。

方式一

SELECT sname, cno, degree FROM student, score
WHERE student.sno = score.sno;

方式二

SELECT sname, cno, degree FROM student INNER JOIN score
ON student.sno = score.sno;

15、查询所有学生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。

SELECT sno, cname, degree FROM course, score
WHERE course.cno = score.cno;

16、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。

方式一

select Sname,Cname,Degree from student,course,score 
where student.Sno=score.Sno and course.Cno=score.Cno;

方式二

SELECT snae, cname, degree FROM student INNER JOIN score ON student.sno = score.sno 
INNER JOIN course ON score.cno = course.cno;

17、查询“95033”班学生的平均分，多表查询。

SELECT avg(degree) FROM score, student
WHERE student.sno = score.sno and class='95033';

18、 假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表：

CREATE TABLE grade(low int(3), upp int(3), rank char(1);
insert into grade VALUES(90, 100, 'A');
insert into grade VALUES(80, 89, 'B');
insert into grade VALUES(70, 79, 'C');
insert into grade VALUES(60, 69, 'D');
insert into grade VALUES(0, 59, 'E');

从grade表中查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。

SELECT sno, cno, rank from score, grade where degree BETWEEN low and upp;

19、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。

单表查询

select * from score 
where degree > (select max(degree) from score where sno = '109' and cno = '3-105') 
and cno = '3-105';

20、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的成绩。

select degree from score 
where sno in 
(
    select sno from student
    where class = '95033' or '95031'
);

22、查询和学号为108、101的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。

select Sno, Sname, Sbirthday 
from student 
where year(Sbirthday) in 
(
select year(Sbirthday) 
from student
where Sno = '108' or '101'
);

23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。

select * from score where cno in 
(
    select cno from course where tno in
    (
        select tno from teacher where tname = '张旭'
    )
);
select cname, degree 
from score, course, teacher
where score.cno = course.cno 
and teacher.tno = course.tno
and teacher.tname = '张旭';

24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。

select tname from teacher
where tno in
(
    select tno from course
    where cno in
    (
        select cno from score group by cno having count(cno) > 5
    )
)
;

25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。

select * from student where class = '95033' or '95031';

26、 查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno。

select cno, count(cno) as counts from score where degree > 85
group by cno;

27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。

select * from score where cno in
(
    select cno from course where tno in
    (
        select tno from teacher where depart = '计算机系'
    )
);

28、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。

select tname, prof, depart from teacher
where prof not in
(
select prof from teacher
group by prof
having count(prof) > 1
);

29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。

select cno, sno, degree from score
where cno = '3-105'
and degree > all(select degree from score where cno = '3-245')
order by degree desc;

31、 查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday。

select sname as name, ssex as sex, sbirthday as birthday from student
union all
select tname as name, tsex as sex, tbirthday as birthday from teacher
;

32、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday。

select tname as name, tsex as sex, tbirthday as birthday from teacher
where tsex='女'
union
select sname as name, ssex as sex, sbirthday as birthday from student
where ssex='女';

33、 查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。 ####重点

select * from score a where degree < (
    select avg(degree) as pingjunfen from score b
    where a.cno = b.cno
);

计算班级的平均分

select cno, avg(degree) from score
group by cno;

34、 查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart。

select tname, depart from teacher
where tno in
(
    select tno from course
    where cno in
    (
        select distinct cno from score
    )
);

35 、查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart。

select tname, depart from teacher
where tno not in
(
    select tno from course
    where cno in
    (
        select distinct cno from score
    )
);

36、查询至少有2名男生的班号。

select class from student
where ssex='男'
group by class
having count(ssex)>1;

37、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。

select * from student
where sname not like '王%';

38、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。 ## 日期的使用，重点

select sname, year(now())-year(sbirthday) as suishu from student;

39、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。

select max(sbirthday), min(sbirthday) from student;

40、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。

select * from student order by class desc, sbirthday;

41、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。

方式一

select cno, cname, tname from teacher, course
where course.tno = teacher.tno
and teacher.tsex = '男';

方式二

select cno, cname, tname 
from teacher
inner join
course
on teacher.tno = course.tno
where teacher.tsex = '男';

42、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。

方式一

select sno, cno, degree from score
order by degree desc
limit 0, 1;  # 从第0行开始再追加1条数据

方式二

select sno, cno, degree from score
where degree = (
    select max(degree) from score
);

不同班级的最高分

select cno, max(degree) from score
group by cno;

43、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname。

select sname from student
where ssex = (
    select ssex from student where sname = '李军'
)
and sname != '李军';

44、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname。

select sname from student
where ssex = (
    select ssex from student where sname = '李军'
)
and 
class = (
    select class from student where sname = '李军'
)
and sname != '李军';

45、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。

select * from score where cno = (
    select cno from course where cname = '计算机导论'
)
and 
sno in (
    select sno from student where ssex = '男'
);