jpa 懒加载 、N+1、指定字段查询示例

属性懒加载

说明：默认情况下，实体的属性会被立即加载（一次全部加载）。但是，我们也可以延迟加载它们。这对于存储大量数据的列类型有用：CLOB，BLOB，VARBINARY

配置项

spring.jpa.open-in-view=false

@Basic(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)

查询的实体类如果进行get懒加载属性操作，会出现N+1性能问题

控制字段输出

@Entity
@JsonInclude(Include.NON_EMPTY)

避免对具有空值的字段进行序列化

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指定字段查询1(接口式)

定义接口类

 public class AuthorDto implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private final String name;
    private final int age;

    public AuthorDto(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
}

repository

@Repository
public interface AuthorRepository extends JpaRepository<Author, Long> {

    @Transactional(readOnly = true)    
    List<AuthorDto> findByGenre(String genre);
}

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指定字段查询2（构造函数式）

定义接口类

 public class AuthorDto implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private final String name;
    private final int age;

    public AuthorDto(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
}

repository

@Repository
public interface AuthorRepository extends JpaRepository<Author, Long> {

    @Transactional(readOnly = true)
    @Query(value = "SELECT new com.bookstore.dto.AuthorDto(a.name, a.age) FROM Author a")
    List<AuthorDto> fetchAuthors();
}