经济学人The Economist学习（笔记词汇）Day4

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重难点词汇：
gloomy
英 ['gluːmɪ] 美 ['ɡlumi]
adj. 黑暗的；沮丧的；阴郁的
spectre
英 ['spektə] 美

n. 幽灵；妖怪；鬼性（等于specter）
haunt
英 [hɔːnt] 美 [hɔnt]

vt. 常出没于…；萦绕于…；经常去…
vi. 出没；作祟
n. 栖息地；常去的地方
condemn
英 [kən’dem] 美 [kən’dɛm]

vt. 谴责；判刑，定罪；声讨
drudgery
英 ['drʌdʒərɪ] 美 ['drʌdʒəri]

n. 苦工，苦差事
[ 复数 drudgeries ]
idleness
英 ['aɪdlnəs] 美 ['aɪdlnɪs]

n. 懒惰；闲散；失业
outlook
英 ['aʊtlʊk] 美 ['aʊtlʊk]

n. 展望；观点；景色
vt. 比……好看；用目光压倒
vi. 朝外看
mundane
英 ['mʌndeɪn; mʌn’deɪn] 美 [mʌn’den]

adj. 枯燥的，世俗的，平凡的；世界的，宇宙的
back up

v. 支持，援助；（资料）备份；倒退；裱
cruise
英 [kruːz] 美 [krʊz]

vi. 巡航，巡游；漫游
vt. 巡航，巡游；漫游
n. 巡航，巡游；乘船游览
n. (Cruise)人名；(德)克鲁伊泽；(英)克鲁斯
[ 过去式 cruised 过去分词 cruised 现在分词 curising ]
stand to profit
获利（固定搭配）

双语原文：

经济学人 | 人工智能 或许是工人们的福音(上) 每日双语经济学人 1周前

人工智能(上)来自每日双语经济学人
(全文共385个词)

AI may not be bad news for workers
人工智能对于工人来说可能并不是坏消息
A new report argues that it can help them with their jobs
一份新的报告认为，人工智能可以帮助他们完成工作
A spectre is haunting workers—the rise of artificial intelligence (AI).
一只幽灵正在困扰着工人们——人工智能（AI）的兴起。
The fear is that smart computer programs will eliminate millions of jobs, condemning a generation to minimum-wage drudgery or enforced idleness.
令人担心的是，智能计算机程序将会导致数百万个工作岗位的减少，迫使一代人从事工资最低的苦差事或被迫失业。
Never mind the robots, fear the software.
不要介意机器人或是害怕软件。
There is no need to be so gloomy, say Ken Goldberg of the University of California, Berkeley, and Vinod Kumar, the chief executive of Tata Communications, a unit of India’s biggest business house (which stands to profit from the spread of AI).
加州大学伯克利分校的肯·戈德伯格和印度最大的商业公司塔塔通信（它将从人工智能的传播中获利）的首席执行官维诺德·库马尔表示，没必要如此悲观。
They have produced a report that is much more optimistic about the outlook for ordinary employees.
他们发表的一份报告显示，人工智能对普通员工的前景更为乐观。
In many cases, it says, job satisfaction will be enhanced by the elimination of mundanetasks, giving people time to be more creative.
报告称，在很多情况下，工作满意度会随着枯燥的工作任务的减少而提高，这样人们就有时间变得更有创造力。
Their views are backed up by a survey of 120 senior executives, conducted for the report, which found that more of them (77%) thought that AI would create new roles than believed it would replace existing positions (57%; respondents could choose both options).
他们的观点得到了一项针对120名高管的调查的支持，调查发现，认为人工智能会创造新角色的人(77%)多于认为人工智能会取代现有职位的人(57%；受访者可以同时选择这两项)。
Extra skills may be needed to cope with the new technology and more than half of the bosses are already taking steps to train their workforces.
应对新技术可能需要额外的技能，超过一半的老板已经开始采取措施来培训他们的员工了。
Previous technology shifts have not had as negative effects on employment as was first feared.
以前的技术转变对就业的负面影响并没有人们最初担心的那么严重。
The authors note some well-known examples.
作者指出了一些众所周知的例子。
Bar-code scanners did not eliminate the role of cashiers in America; jobs in the retail industry grew at an annual rate of more than 2% between 1980 and 2013.
条形码扫描仪并没有在美国消除收银员这一角色；从1980年到2013年，零售业的工作岗位以每年超过2%的速度增长。
The arrival of automated teller machines (ATMs) spared bank employees the job of doling out cash and freed them to offer financial advice to customers.
自动柜员机（ATM）的出现使银行员工免去了发放现金的工作，并使他们得以向客户提供财务建议。
Some jobs could be made a lot easier by AI.
人工智能可以让一些工作变得容易得多。
One example is lorry-driving.
卡车驾驶就是一个例子。
Some fear that truck drivers will be replaced by autonomous vehicles.
有人担心卡车司机会被自动驾驶汽车所取代。
But manoeuvring a lorry around busy streets is far harder than driving down the motorway.
但是，在繁忙的街道上驾驶一辆卡车比在高速公路上行驶要困难得多。
So the driver could switch into automatic mode (and get some rest) when outside the big cities, and take over the wheel once again when nearing the destination.
因此，当在大城市之外时，驾驶员可以切换到自动模式（并且休息一会）；而在接近目的地时，可以再次接管方向盘。
The obvious analogy is with jetliners, where the pilots handle take-off and landing but turn on the computer to cruise at 35,000 feet.
一个显而易见的类比是喷气式客机，飞行员操控飞机的起飞和降落，但在35000英尺的高空中就可以打开计算机自动巡航。
Using AI may prevent tired drivers from causing accidents.
使用人工智能可以防止驾驶员因疲劳驾驶而造成事故。