Spring Boot自动转配

Spring 的手动转配与Spring Boot自动装配的区别

以WebMvcAutoConfiguration为例

// 模式注解--是@Component派生注解
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) 
// @Conditional(OnWebApplicationCondition.class)还是基于Condition来实现的
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = Type.SERVLET) 
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class, WebMvcConfigurer.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
@AutoConfigureAfter({ DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class, TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration.class,
		ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
}

Spring Boot自动装配

定义：基于约定大于配置的原则，实现Spring组件自动装配的目的。【Spring Framework中很多都需要配置手动配置】

转配：模式注解、@Enable模块【配置的方式】、条件装配、工厂加载机制

实现：

• 激活自动装配
  • @EnableAutoConfiguration
• 实现自动装配
  • xxxAutoConfiguration
• 配置自动装配实现
  • spring.factories

底层装配技术

• Spring模式注解装配
• Spring @Enable模块装配
• Spring 条件装配
• Spring工厂加载机制
  • 实现类：SpringFactoriesLoader
  • 配置资源：META-INFO/spring.factories

public final class SpringFactoriesLoader {
    // 该目录下放了很多自动装配的内容
    public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";
    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SpringFactoriesLoader.class);
    private static final Map<ClassLoader, MultiValueMap<String, String>> cache = new ConcurrentReferenceHashMap();

    private SpringFactoriesLoader() {
    }
    // factoryClass: 工厂类--激活自动装配  classLoader: 相应的类加载器
    public static <T> List<T> loadFactories(Class<T> factoryClass, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
        ...
        // 主要核心操作--迭代装配
        List<T> result = new ArrayList(factoryNames.size());
        Iterator var5 = factoryNames.iterator();

        while(var5.hasNext()) {
            String factoryName = (String)var5.next();
            result.add(instantiateFactory(factoryName, factoryClass, classLoaderToUse));
        }
        ...
        
    }
}

自动装配

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudServiceConnectorsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\

自定义自动装配

• 条件判断：user.name == "Administrator"
• 模式注解：@Configuration
• @Enable模块：@EnableHelloWorld->HelloworldImportSelector->HelloWorldConfiguration->helloworld

/**
 * Spring Boot自动装配
 */
@EnableHelloWorld
public class EnableHelloWorldBootstrap {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = new SpringApplicationBuilder(EnableHelloWorldBootstrap.class)
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

        // helloWorld Bean是否存在
        String helloWorld = context.getBean("helloWorld", String.class);
        System.out.println("helloWorld Bean : " + helloWorld);
        context.close();

    }
}

@Configuration // Spring 模式注解
@EnableHelloWorld // Spring @Enable模块装配--会节约很多的模块开发
// 条件装配
@ConditionalOnSystemProperty(name="user.name", value = "Administrator")
public class HelloWorldAutoConfiguration {
}

# 自动装配
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
com.SpringBootStudy.diveinspringboot.Configuration.HelloWorldAutoConfiguration

 

 

参考内容：
             《慕课网--小马哥Spring Boot2.0》