oracle 外部表装载,使用ORACLE外部表装载复杂数据

原文：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/issue-archive/2013/13-jan/o13asktom-1886639.html

I am using SQL Loader to load data into tables from a flat file. Some sample data in the file might be:

我打算使用SQL Loader装载来自平面文件数据。样例数据如下：

12,smith,1234556@@1234567 @@876556612,1200

14,John,1234@@4567@@56789 @@12345@@45778@@34566@@23456,1345

The field values are empno, empname, phone numbers, and salary. The table structures are

表结构如下：

create table emp ( empno number(5) primary key, ename varchar2(10), Sal number(10,2) )

create table emp_contact ( empno references emp, phone_no number(10) )

I want to insert the data into the emp and emp_contact tables. I don’t know how many values for phone_no the file contains (the number of values for phone_no is not fixed). How do I insert the data into the tables?

我想将以上数据分别装入2个表中: emp和emp_contact

问题是：我无法确定第三列(电话号码)有多少个，此列不固定。我将如何将数据装载进表？

这个问题很狡猾，看上去我们必须将第三列拆成多行插入。

对于号称“

21世纪神奇数据装载工具”

--SQL Loader 来讲也无法直接实现！！！

此处，我建议使用21世纪数据装载工具

--外部表 解决。思路是：将平面文件装入外部表，然后通过编写SQL进行拆分，最后按特定插入规则一次性插入指定表中。

下面，看我演示：

--1)进行数据装载

create or replace directory my_dir as '/home/tkyte'

/

CREATE TABLE et

( "EMPNO" VARCHAR2(10),

"ENAME" VARCHAR2(20),

"TELNOS" VARCHAR2(1000),

"SAL" VARCHAR2(10) )

ORGANIZATION external

(

TYPE oracle_loader

DEFAULT DIRECTORY MY_DIR

ACCESS PARAMETERS

(

RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE CHARACTERSET US7ASCII

BADFILE 'MY_DIR':'t.bad'

LOGFILE 't.log_xt'

READSIZE 1048576

FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LDRTRIM

MISSING FIELD VALUES ARE NULL

REJECT ROWS WITH ALL NULL FIELDS

(

"EMPNO" CHAR(255)

TERMINATED BY "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"',

"ENAME" CHAR(255)

TERMINATED BY "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"',

"TELNOS" CHAR(1000)

TERMINATED BY "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"',

"SAL" CHAR(255)

TERMINATED BY "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'

)

)

location

(

't.dat'

)

)

/

SQL> select * from et;

EMPNO  ENAME   TELNOS                                          SAL

—————  —————   —————————————————————————————————————————————   ————

12     smith   1234556@@1234567@@876556612                     1200

14     John    1234@@4567@@56789@@12345@@45778@@34566@@23456   1345

--2)编写拆分SQL

SQL> select empno, ename, sal, i,

substr( tnos,

instr( tnos, '@@', 1, i )+2,

instr( tnos, '@@', 1, i+1 )

-instr( tnos, '@@', 1, i) - 2 ) tno

from (

select to_number(et.empno) empno,

et.ename,

to_number(et.sal) sal,

column_value i,

'@@'||et.telnos||'@@' tnos

from et,

table( cast( multiset(

select level

from dual

connect by level <=

(length(et.telnos)

-length(replace(et.telnos,'@@','')))/2+1 )

as sys.odciNumberList ) )

)

/

EMPNO  ENAME    SAL    I  TNO

—————  —————   ————   ——  ———————

12  smith   1200    1  1234556

12  smith   1200    2  1234567

12  smith   1200    3  876556612

14  John    1345    1  1234

14  John    1345    2  4567

14  John    1345    3  56789

14  John    1345    4  12345

14  John    1345    5  45778

14  John    1345    6  34566

14  John    1345    7  23456

10 rows selected.

--注意：这里使用了cast multiset语法，column_value是TABLE(odciNumberList)中一列

--3)编写插入SQL

SQL> create table emp

2  ( empno number primary key,

3    ename varchar2(10),

4    sal   number

5  );

Table created.

SQL> create table emp_contact

2  ( empno    number references emp,

3    phone_no number

4  );

Table created.

\

SQL> insert all

when (i = 1) then into emp (empno,ename,sal) values (empno,ename,sal)

when (i > 0) then into emp_contact(empno,phone_no) values (empno,tno)

select empno, ename, sal, i,

substr( tnos,

instr( tnos, '@@', 1, i )+2,

instr( tnos, '@@', 1, i+1 )

-instr( tnos, '@@', 1, i) - 2 ) tno

from (

select to_number(et.empno) empno,

et.ename,

to_number(et.sal) sal,

column_value i,

'@@'||et.telnos||'@@' tnos

from et,

table( cast( multiset(

select level

from dual

connect by level <=

(length(et.telnos)

-length(replace(et.telnos,'@@','')))/2+1 )

as sys.odciNumberList ) )

)

/

12 rows created.

SQL> select * from emp;

EMPNO  ENAME    SAL

—————  ——————  —————

12  smith   1200

14  John    1345

SQL> select * from emp_contact;

EMPNO    PHONE_NO

———————  —————————

12     1234556

12     1234567

12   876556612

14        1234

14        4567

14       56789

14       12345

14       45778

14       34566

14       23456

10 rows selected.

------------------------------------

Dylan    Presents.