JAVA RSA密钥对的生成与验证
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在上一篇《Java&keytool生成RSA密钥》中,我们用keytool先生成密钥库和公钥证书,然后通过代码方式获得文件和BASE64串形式的公私密钥对,而其实根本无这么复杂,可直接通过JAVA代码获得公私密钥对。代码如下:
Java代码 package com.bijian.test;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
public class KeyPairGenUtil {
/** 指定加密算法为RSA */
private static final String ALGORITHM = "RSA";
/** 密钥长度,用来初始化 */
private static final int KEYSIZE = 1024;
/** 指定公钥存放文件 */
private static String PUBLIC_KEY_FILE = "PublicKey";
/** 指定私钥存放文件 */
private static String PRIVATE_KEY_FILE = "PrivateKey";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
generateKeyPair();
genKeyPair();
}
/**
* 生成密钥对
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void generateKeyPair() throws Exception {
// /** RSA算法要求有一个可信任的随机数源 */
// SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
/** 为RSA算法创建一个KeyPairGenerator对象 */
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
/** 利用上面的随机数据源初始化这个KeyPairGenerator对象 */
// keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEYSIZE, secureRandom);
keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEYSIZE);
/** 生成密匙对 */
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
/** 得到公钥 */
Key publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
/** 得到私钥 */
Key privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
ObjectOutputStream oos1 = null;
ObjectOutputStream oos2 = null;
try {
/** 用对象流将生成的密钥写入文件 */
oos1 = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(PUBLIC_KEY_FILE));
oos2 = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(PRIVATE_KEY_FILE));
oos1.writeObject(publicKey);
oos2.writeObject(privateKey);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
} finally {
/** 清空缓存,关闭文件输出流 */
oos1.close();
oos2.close();
}
}
private static void genKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
/** RSA算法要求有一个可信任的随机数源 */
SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
/** 为RSA算法创建一个KeyPairGenerator对象 */
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
/** 利用上面的随机数据源初始化这个KeyPairGenerator对象 */
keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEYSIZE, secureRandom);
//keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEYSIZE);
/** 生成密匙对 */
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
/** 得到公钥 */
Key publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
/** 得到私钥 */
Key privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
byte[] publicKeyBytes = publicKey.getEncoded();
byte[] privateKeyBytes = privateKey.getEncoded();
String publicKeyBase64 = new BASE64Encoder().encode(publicKeyBytes);
String privateKeyBase64 = new BASE64Encoder().encode(privateKeyBytes);
System.out.println("publicKeyBase64.length():" + publicKeyBase64.length());
System.out.println("publicKeyBase64:" + publicKeyBase64);
System.out.println("privateKeyBase64.length():" + privateKeyBase64.length());
System.out.println("privateKeyBase64:" + privateKeyBase64);
}
}
运行结果:
用上一篇验证公私钥对加签验签、加解密的代码验证,也都是OK的。附上加解密验证的代码如下。
Java代码 package com.bijian.test;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.security.Key;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
public class RSAUtil {
/** 指定加密算法为RSA */
private static final String ALGORITHM = "RSA";
/** 指定公钥存放文件 */
private static String PUBLIC_KEY_FILE = "PublicKey";
/** 指定私钥存放文件 */
private static String PRIVATE_KEY_FILE = "PrivateKey";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String source = "你好nihao";// 要加密的字符串
System.out.println("准备用公钥加密的字符串为:" + source);
String cryptograph = encrypt(source);// 生成的密文
System.out.print("用公钥加密后的结果为:" + cryptograph);
System.out.println();
String target = decrypt(cryptograph);// 解密密文
System.out.println("用私钥解密后的字符串为:" + target);
System.out.println();
}
/**
* 加密方法
* @param source 源数据
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String encrypt(String source) throws Exception {
Key publicKey = getKey(PUBLIC_KEY_FILE);
/** 得到Cipher对象来实现对源数据的RSA加密 */
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] b = source.getBytes();
/** 执行加密操作 */
byte[] b1 = cipher.doFinal(b);
BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
return encoder.encode(b1);
}
/**
* 解密算法
* @param cryptograph 密文
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String decrypt(String cryptograph) throws Exception {
Key privateKey = getKey(PRIVATE_KEY_FILE);
/** 得到Cipher对象对已用公钥加密的数据进行RSA解密 */
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
BASE64Decoder decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
byte[] b1 = decoder.decodeBuffer(cryptograph);
/** 执行解密操作 */
byte[] b = cipher.doFinal(b1);
return new String(b);
}
private static Key getKey(String fileName) throws Exception, IOException {
Key key;
ObjectInputStream ois = null;
try {
/** 将文件中的私钥对象读出 */
ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(fileName));
key = (Key) ois.readObject();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
} finally {
ois.close();
}
return key;
}
}
运行结果: