这篇博客探讨了如何在Python中使用matplotlib的Lasso工具在多个子图中实现ROI（感兴趣区域）的选择和高亮显示。作者创建了一个散点图矩阵，其中每个子图对应不同的参数对，如p1对p2、p3、p4等。通过LassoManager类，作者实现了在选择ROI时改变点的颜色，但遇到一个问题：只有在第一个调用LassoManager的子图中，点的颜色会正确更新。代码示例展示了问题的详细情况和潜在解决方案，指出可能需要在button_press_event回调中处理所有轴，而不是为每个子图创建单独的事件处理。
我想创建一个散点图矩阵,它将由一些子图组成.我从.txt文件中提取了我的数据,并创建了一个形状数组(x,y,z,p1,p2,p3,p4).数组的前三列表示来自原始图像的这些数据来自的x,y,z坐标,以及最后四列(p1,p2,p3,p4)的一些其他参数.因此,在数组的每一行中,参数p1,p2,p3,p4具有相同的坐标(x,y,z).在散点图中,我想要将每个p_i(例如p1)参数可视化为对另一个p_i(例如p2,p3,p4)参数.
我想在每个子图中绘制一个感兴趣区域(ROI),突出显示每个子图中ROI中包含的点.在每个子图中,可视化不同的参数(例如,p1对p2),但是对于每个子图中的一个点,在其余子图中存在具有相同的x,y,z坐标的另一个点.我使用matplotlib示例Lasso实现了ROI的绘制.此代码实现的示例如下图所示.
我的实施出现故障.我可以在每个子图中绘制套索,但是当在特定子图中绘制套索时,点会被突出显示,该子图对应于我的代码中的LassoManager函数的第一次调用(在我的代码选择器1中).从下图中可以看出,给出了可以在不同子图中绘制的套索的初始值,但是只使用选择器1中对应的id导致代码故障,独立于我绘制的子图中投资回报率.
这是我的代码：
"""
Show how to use a lasso to select a set of points and get the indices
of the selected points. A callback is used to change the color of the
selected points
This is currently a proof-of-concept implementation (though it is
usable as is). There will be some refinement of the API.
"""
from matplotlib.widgets import Lasso
from matplotlib.colors import colorConverter
from matplotlib.collections import RegularPolyCollection
from matplotlib import path
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
class Datum(object):
colorin = colorConverter.to_rgba('red')
colorout = colorConverter.to_rgba('blue')
def __init__(self, x, y, include=False):
self.x = x
self.y = y
if include: self.color = self.colorin
else: self.color = self.colorout
class LassoManager(object):
#class for highlighting region of points within a Lasso
def __init__(self, ax, data):
self.axes = ax
self.canvas = ax.figure.canvas
self.data = data
self.Nxy = len(data)
facecolors = [d.color for d in data]
self.xys = [(d.x, d.y) for d in data]
fig = ax.figure
self.collection = RegularPolyCollection(
fig.dpi, 6, sizes=(1,),
facecolors=facecolors,
offsets = self.xys,
transOffset = ax.transData)
ax.add_collection(self.collection)
self.cid = self.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.onpress)
def callback(self, verts):
facecolors = self.collection.get_facecolors()
print "The id of this lasso is", id(self)
p = path.Path(verts)
ind = p.contains_points(self.xys)
#ind prints boolean array of points in subplot where true means that the point is included
for i in range(len(self.xys)):
if ind[i]:
# facecolors[i] = Datum.colorin
axes[0][0].plot(x[i], y[i], 'ro', ls='', picker=3)
axes[2][0].plot(x[i], y1[i], 'ro', ls='', picker=3)
axes[1][0].plot(x[i], x1[i], 'ro', ls='', picker=3)
axes[1][4].plot(y[i], x1[i], 'ro', ls='', picker=3)
axes[2][5].plot(x1[i], y1[i], 'ro', ls='', picker=3)
axes[2][6].plot(y[i], y1[i], 'ro', ls='', picker=3)
# print ind[i], x[i], y[i], x1[i], y1[i]
else:
# facecolors[i] = Datum.colorout
axes[0][0].plot(x[i], y[i], 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[2][0].plot(x[i], y1[i], 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[1][0].plot(x[i], x1[i], 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[1][7].plot(y[i], x1[i], 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[2][8].plot(x1[i], y1[i], 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[2][9].plot(y[i], y1[i], 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
plt.draw()
self.canvas.draw_idle()
self.canvas.widgetlock.release(self.lasso)
del self.lasso
# noinspection PyArgumentList
def onpress(self, event):
if self.canvas.widgetlock.locked(): return
if event.inaxes is None: return
self.lasso = Lasso(event.inaxes, (event.xdata, event.ydata), self.callback)
# acquire a lock on the widget drawing
self.canvas.widgetlock(self.lasso)
if __name__ == '__main__':
dat = np.loadtxt(r"parameters.txt")
x, y = dat[:, 3], dat[:, 4] #p1,p2
x1, y1 = dat[:, 5], dat[:, 6] #p3,p4
a = np.array([x,y]) #p1,p2
a = a.transpose()
b = np.array([x,y1]) #p1,p4
b = b.transpose()
c = np.array([x,x1]) #p1,p3
c = c.transpose()
d = np.array([y,x1]) #p3,p2
d = d.transpose()
e = np.array([x1,y1]) #p3,p4
e = e.transpose()
f = np.array([y,y1]) ##p2, p4
f = f.transpose()
data = []
data0 = [Datum(*xy) for xy in a] #p1,p2
data.append(data0)
data1 = [Datum(*xy) for xy in b] #p1,p4
data.append(data1)
data2 = [Datum(*xy) for xy in c] #p1,p3
data.append(data2)
data3 = [Datum(*xy) for xy in d] #p3,p2
data.append(data3)
data4 = [Datum(*xy) for xy in e] #p3,p4
data.append(data4)
data5 = [Datum(*xy) for xy in f] #p2, p4
data.append(data5)
#print data
#print len(data)
fig, axes = plt.subplots(ncols=3, nrows=3)
axes[0][0].plot(x, y, 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[0][0].set_xlabel('p1')
axes[0][0].set_ylabel('p2')
axes[0][0].set_xlim((min(x)-50, max(x) 50))
axes[0][0].set_ylim((min(y)-50, max(y) 50))
selector1 = LassoManager(axes[0][0], data[0])
print "selector1 is", id(selector1) #lman.append(l1)
#p1 vs p4
axes[2][0].plot(x, y1, 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[2][0].set_xlabel('p1')
axes[2][0].set_ylabel('p4')
axes[2][0].set_xlim((min(x)-50, max(x) 50))
axes[2][0].set_ylim((min(y1)-40, max(y1) 50))
selector2 = LassoManager(axes[2][0], data[1])
print "selector2 is", id(selector2)
#p1 vs p3
axes[1][0].plot(x, x1, 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[1][0].set_xlabel('p1')
axes[1][0].set_ylabel('p3')
axes[1][0].set_xlim((min(x)-50, max(x) 50))
axes[1][0].set_ylim((min(x1)-40, max(x1) 50))
selector3 = LassoManager(axes[1][0], data[2])
print "selector3 is", id(selector3)
#p2 vs p3
axes[1][10].plot(y, x1, 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[1][11].set_xlabel('p2')
axes[1][12].set_ylabel('p3')
axes[1][13].set_xlim((min(y)-50, max(y) 50))
axes[1][14].set_ylim((min(x1)-40, max(x1) 50))
selector4 = LassoManager(axes[1][15], data[3])
print "selector4 is", id(selector4)
#p2 vs p4
axes[2][16].plot(y, y1, 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[2][17].set_xlabel('p2')
axes[2][18].set_ylabel('p4')
axes[2][19].set_xlim((min(y)-50, max(y) 50))
axes[2][20].set_ylim((min(y1)-40, max(y1) 50))
selector5 = LassoManager(axes[2][21], data[5])
print "selector5 is", id(selector5)
#p3 vs p4
axes[2][22].plot(x1, y1, 'bo', ls='', picker=3)
axes[2][23].set_xlabel('p3')
axes[2][24].set_ylabel('p4')
axes[2][25].set_xlim((min(x1)-50, max(x1) 50))
axes[2][26].set_ylim((min(y1)-40, max(y1) 50))
selector6 = LassoManager(axes[2][27], data[4])
print "selector6 is", id(selector6)
#non-visible subplots
axes[0][28].plot(x,x)
axes[0][29].set_visible(False)
axes[0][30].plot(y,y)
axes[0][31].set_visible(False)
axes[1][32].plot(x1,x1)
axes[1][33].set_visible(False)
plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.1, right=0.95, wspace=0.6, hspace=0.7)
plt.show()
为什么这会在我的代码中发生？代码中没有错误,但它无法正常工作.任何帮助将不胜感激！！
解决方法:
据我所知,问题是在每个init上你用一个新的替换画布的button_press_event.
您很可能需要使用一个button_press_event回调来处理所有轴(因为它们都通过相同的画布对象进行交互).
固定
下面是一个功能示例,基于文档中的官方套索示例.
我尝试的方法是只创建一个LassoManager(因为它与每个图形只有一个画布交互)但让轴,数据等成为每个子图的列表.
然后,回调访问current_axis成员以确定当前哪个轴处于活动状态.
"""
Show how to use a lasso to select a set of points and get the indices
of the selected points. A callback is used to change the color of the
selected points
This is currently a proof-of-concept implementation (though it is
usable as is). There will be some refinement of the API.
"""
from matplotlib.widgets import Lasso
from matplotlib.colors import colorConverter
from matplotlib.collections import RegularPolyCollection
from matplotlib import path
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from numpy import nonzero
from numpy.random import rand
class Datum(object):
colorin = colorConverter.to_rgba('red')
colorout = colorConverter.to_rgba('blue')
def __init__(self, x, y, include=False):
self.x = x
self.y = y
if include: self.color = self.colorin
else: self.color = self.colorout
class LassoManager(object):
def __init__(self, ax, data):
self.axes = [ax]
self.canvas = ax.figure.canvas
self.data = [data]
self.Nxy = [ len(data) ]
facecolors = [d.color for d in data]
self.xys = [ [(d.x, d.y) for d in data] ]
fig = ax.figure
self.collection = [ RegularPolyCollection(
fig.dpi, 6, sizes=(100,),
facecolors=facecolors,
offsets = self.xys[0],
transOffset = ax.transData)]
ax.add_collection(self.collection[0])
self.cid = self.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.onpress)
def callback(self, verts):
axind = self.axes.index(self.current_axes)
facecolors = self.collection[axind].get_facecolors()
p = path.Path(verts)
ind = p.contains_points(self.xys[axind])
for i in range(len(self.xys[axind])):
if ind[i]:
facecolors[i] = Datum.colorin
else:
facecolors[i] = Datum.colorout
self.canvas.draw_idle()
self.canvas.widgetlock.release(self.lasso)
del self.lasso
def onpress(self, event):
if self.canvas.widgetlock.locked(): return
if event.inaxes is None: return
self.current_axes = event.inaxes
self.lasso = Lasso(event.inaxes, (event.xdata, event.ydata), self.callback)
# acquire a lock on the widget drawing
self.canvas.widgetlock(self.lasso)
def add_axis(self, ax, data):
self.axes.append(ax)
self.data.append(data)
self.Nxy.append( len(data) )
facecolors = [d.color for d in data]
self.xys.append( [(d.x, d.y) for d in data] )
fig = ax.figure
self.collection.append( RegularPolyCollection(
fig.dpi, 6, sizes=(100,),
facecolors=facecolors,
offsets = self.xys[-1],
transOffset = ax.transData))
ax.add_collection(self.collection[-1])
if __name__ == '__main__':
data = [Datum(*xy) for xy in rand(100, 2)]
data2 = [Datum(*xy) for xy in rand(100, 2)]
ax = plt.subplot(1,2,1)
lman = LassoManager(ax, data)
ax2 = plt.subplot(1,2,2)
lman.add_axis(ax2, data2)
plt.show()
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