python运行结果输出_Python 运行 shell 获取输出结果的实例

首先使用内置模块os.

>>> import os

>>> code = os.system("pwd && sleep 2")

# /user/zhipeng

>>> print code

# 0

问题是 os.system 只能获取到结束状态

使用内置模块 subprocess

>>> import subprocess

>>> subprocess.popen("pwd && sleep 2", shell=true, cwd="/home")

#

# /home

>>> sub = subprocess.popen("pwd && sleep 2", shell=true, stdout=subprcess.pipe)

>>> sub.wait()

>>> print sub.stdout.read()

# /user/zhipeng

subprocess.popen还支持一些别的参数

bufsize,executable=none, stdin=none, stdout=none, stderr=none

preexec_fn=none, close_fds=false, shell=false, cwd=none, env=none

universal_newlines=false, startupinfo=none, creationflags=0

使用第三方模块 sh

# pip install sh

>>> from sh import ifconfig

>>> print ifconfig("eth0")

>>> from sh import bash

>>> bash("pwd")

traceback (most recent call last):

file "", line 1, in

file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 1021, in __call__

return runningcommand(cmd, call_args, stdin, stdout, stderr)

file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 486, in __init__

self.wait()

file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 500, in wait

self.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code)

file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 516, in handle_command_exit_code

raise exc(self.ran, self.process.stdout, self.process.stderr)

sh.errorreturncode_126:

ran: '/bin/bash ls'

stdout:

stderr:

/bin/ls: /bin/ls: cannot execute binary file

# 不能这么用

>>> from sh import ls

>>> ls()

# hello.txt 1.txt

# ls -al

>>> ls(a=true, l=true)

# ls(al=true) 是不可以的

这操作太复杂了, 项目中使用也太糟心了, 也没有办法多个命令同时用.不过可以用别的方式代替

# bash -c command 可以很好的解决这个问题

# bash -c "sleep 1 && pwd"

>>> result = bash(c="pwd", _timeout=1, _cwd="/home")

>>> print result

# -rw-r--r--@ 1 zhipeng staff 0 10 13 18:30 hello.txt

# -rw-r--r--@ 1 zhipeng staff 0 10 13 18:30 1.txt

>>> result = bash(c="pwd", _timeout=1, _cwd="/")

>>> print result

# /

>>> bash(c="pwd && sleep 2", _timeout=1)

traceback (most recent call last):

file "", line 1, in

file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 1021, in __call__

return runningcommand(cmd, call_args, stdin, stdout, stderr)

file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 486, in __init__

self.wait()

file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 498, in wait

raise timeoutexception(-exit_code)

sh.timeoutexception

参数里面可以添加非命令参数. 需要以_开头, 例如上面的_timeout, _cwd. 详见sh.py 源码

还支持以下参数

internal_bufsize, err_bufsize, tee, done, in, decode_errors, tty_in,

out, cwd, timeout_signal, bg, timeout, with, ok_code, err, env, no_out,

参考：

https://github.com/amoffat/sh/blob/master/sh.py

https://github.com/amoffat/sh

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