常数外推
您可以使用来自scipy的interp函数,它将左侧和右侧值推广到超出范围的常量:
>>> from scipy import interp, arange, exp
>>> x = arange(0,10)
>>> y = exp(-x/3.0)
>>> interp([9,10], x, y)
array([ 0.04978707, 0.04978707])
2.线性(或其他定制)外推
您可以在插值函数周围编写一个包装器,以处理线性外推。例如:
from scipy.interpolate import interp1d
from scipy import arange, array, exp
def extrap1d(interpolator):
xs = interpolator.x
ys = interpolator.y
def pointwise(x):
if x < xs[0]:
return ys[0]+(x-xs[0])*(ys[1]-ys[0])/(xs[1]-xs[0])
elif x > xs[-1]:
return ys[-1]+(x-xs[-1])*(ys[-1]-ys[-2])/(xs[-1]-xs[-2])
else:
return interpolator(x)
def ufunclike(xs):
return array(map(pointwise, array(xs)))
return ufunclike
extrap1d采用插值函数并返回一个也可以外推的函数。你可以这样使用它:
x = arange(0,10)
y = exp(-x/3.0)
f_i = interp1d(x, y)
f_x = extrap1d(f_i)
print f_x([9,10])
输出:
[ 0.04978707 0.03009069]