使用 Tkinter 编程动态图形化演示插入排序算法

创建一个由数字 1~30 随机组合的一个长度为 15 的乱序数组，数组元素以直方图显示。添加两个按钮，一个用来单步演示查找过程，一个按钮用来重新初始化一组随机整数。排序结束时弹出对话框提示。

# coding: utf-8 
# !/usr/bin/python
"""
@File       :   实验四_4.py
@Author     :   jiaming
@Modify Time:   2019/11/13 18:37    
@Contact    :   https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39541632
@Version    :   1.0
@Desciption :   None
"""
import tkinter as tk
import random
import copy
import tkinter.messagebox

width = 30
x0 = 80
y0 = 350
j = 0
sortL = []
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("动画演示插入排序")
root.geometry('640x500+250+250')
root.resizable(False, False)


def insertSort():
    """
    生成随机数组， 并且保存插入排序的每步结果， 保存到sortL
    :param num:
    :return:
    """
    global sortL
    num = [i for i in range(1, 31, 1)]
    random.shuffle(num)
    num = num[:15]

    for i in range(1, len(num)):
        key = num[i]
        j = i - 1
        while j >= 0 and key < num[j]:
            num[j + 1] = num[j]
            j -= 1
        num[j + 1] = key
        sortL.append(copy.deepcopy(num))
    sortL.append(copy.deepcopy(num))

def draw():
    global width, x0, y0, j, sortL
    key = j
    x0 = 80
    print(sortL[j])

    def step():
        for i in range(15):
            canvas.delete(str(i))
            canvas.delete("string" + str(i))
        draw()
    stepBtn = tk.Button(root, text="单步排序", width=8, height=1, command=step)
    stepBtn.place(x=200, y=420)

    def reset():
        global j
        j = 0
        sortL.clear()
        insertSort()
        draw()
    resetBtn = tk.Button(root, text="重置数据", width=8, height=1, command=reset)
    resetBtn.place(x=350, y=420)

    canvas = tk.Canvas(root, bg='white', height=400, width=1000)
    canvas.place(x=0, y=0)
    for i in range(15):
        if key == i:
            canvas.create_rectangle(x0, y0 - sortL[j][i] * 10,
                                    x0 + width, y0, width=3, fill='red',
                                    tags=str(i))
        else:
            canvas.create_rectangle(x0, y0 - sortL[j][i] * 10, x0 + width,
                                    y0, width=3, tags=str(i))
        canvas.create_text(x0 + width // 2, y0 - sortL[j][i] * 10 -
                           width // 2, text=str(sortL[j][i]),
                           font="time 10 bold underline",
                           tags="string" + str(i))
        x0 = x0 + width
    if j == 14:
        tk.messagebox.showinfo('信息', '排序完成')
    j += 1



insertSort()
draw()
root.mainloop()