1：DOM4J性能最好，连Sun的JAXM也在用DOM4J.目前许多开源项目中大量采用DOM4J，例如大名鼎鼎的Hibernate也用DOM4J来读取XML配置文件。如果不考虑可移植性，那就采用DOM4J.
2：JDOM 和DOM在性能测试时表现不佳，在测试10M文档时内存溢出。在小文档情况下还值得考虑使用DOM和JDOM.虽然JDOM的开发者已经说明他们期望在正式发行版前专注性能问题，但是从性能观点来看，它确实没有值得推荐之处。另外，DOM仍是一个非常好的选择。DOM实现广泛应用于多种编程语言。它还是许多其它与XML相关的标准的基础，因为它正式获得W3C推荐(与基于非标准的Java模型相对)，所以在某些类型的项目中可能也需要它(如在 JavaScript中使用DOM)。
3：SAX表现较好，这要依赖于它特定的解析方式－事件驱动。一个SAX检测即将到来的XML 流，但并没有载入到内存(当然当XML流被读入时，会有部分文档暂时隐藏在内存中)。
接下来我来展示以下用这四种方式处理xml的一个简单的例子，希望能给大家一些帮助。
1：要操作的xml文件：student.xml
Java代码 
TigerLee
26
男
北京海淀Snow
24
女
山东TigerLee
26
男
北京海淀Snow
24
女
山东2：处理xml的java类HandleXML.java
Java代码
packagecom.tigerlee.xml;
importjava.io.File;
importjava.io.FileWriter;
importjava.io.Writer;
importjava.util.Iterator;
importjava.util.LinkedHashMap;
importjava.util.List;
importjava.util.Map;
importjava.util.Set;
importjava.util.Stack;
importjavax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
importjavax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
importjavax.xml.transform.Transformer;
importjavax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
importjavax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
importjavax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
importorg.dom4j.Element;
importorg.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
importorg.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
importorg.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
importorg.w3c.dom.Document;
importorg.w3c.dom.Node;
importorg.w3c.dom.NodeList;
importorg.xml.sax.Attributes;
importorg.xml.sax.SAXException;
importorg.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
/**
*
* 在XML文档中实现增、删、改、查
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
publicclassHandleXML {
/**
* 采用DOM方式
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
publicclassDOMForXml{
/**
* 获得doc对象
* @param fileName
* @return
*/
publicDocument getDocument(String fileName){
Document document = null;
try{
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
document = builder.parse(newFile(fileName));
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
returndocument;
}
/**
* 将改动持久到文件
* @param doc
* @param distFileName
*/
publicvoidmodifyFile(Document doc,String distFileName){
try{
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer tfer = tf.newTransformer();
DOMSource dsource = newDOMSource(doc);
StreamResult sr = newStreamResult(newFile("student.xml"));
tfer.transform(dsource, sr);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 解析
* @param fileName
*/
publicvoidpaseXml(String fileName){
Document document = getDocument(fileName);
NodeList nodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("student");
for(inti=0;i
StringBuilder sb = newStringBuilder();
sb.append("姓名："+document.getElementsByTagName("name").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
sb.append(" , ");
sb.append("年龄："+document.getElementsByTagName("age").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
sb.append(" , ");
sb.append("性别："+document.getElementsByTagName("sex").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
sb.append(" , ");
sb.append("地址："+document.getElementsByTagName("address").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
System.out.println(sb.toString());
}
}
/**
* 创建一个新的学生
* @param name
* @param age
* @param sex
* @param address
*/
publicvoidaddNewNode(String name,String age,String sex,String address){
try{
Document document = getDocument("student.xml");
NodeList nodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("students");
//创建新的节点
Node studentNode = document.createElement("student");
Node nameNode = document.createElement("name");
nameNode.appendChild(document.createTextNode(name));
Node ageNode = document.createElement("age");
ageNode.appendChild(document.createTextNode(age));
Node sexNode = document.createElement("sex");
sexNode.appendChild(document.createTextNode(sex));
Node addressNode = document.createElement("address");
addressNode.appendChild(document.createTextNode(address));
// 添加节点
studentNode.appendChild(nameNode);
studentNode.appendChild(ageNode);
studentNode.appendChild(sexNode);
studentNode.appendChild(addressNode);
nodeList.item(0).appendChild(studentNode);
// 此时真正的处理将新数据添加到文件中(磁盘)
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer tfer = tf.newTransformer();
DOMSource dsource = newDOMSource(document);
StreamResult sr = newStreamResult(newFile("student.xml"));
tfer.transform(dsource, sr);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
paseXml("student.xml");
}
/**
* 删除一个节点
* @param name
*/
publicvoiddeleteNode(String name){
Document document = getDocument("student.xml");
NodeList nodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("name");
for(inti=0;i
String value = nodeList.item(i).getFirstChild().getTextContent();
if(name!=null&& name.equalsIgnoreCase(value)){
Node parentNode = nodeList.item(i).getParentNode();
document.getFirstChild().removeChild(parentNode);
}
}
modifyFile(document,"student.xml");
}
/**
* 根据name修改某个节点的内容
* @param name
*/
publicvoidupdateNode(String name){
Document document = getDocument("student.xml");
NodeList nodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("name");
for(inti=0;i
String value = nodeList.item(i).getFirstChild().getTextContent();
if(name!=null&& name.equalsIgnoreCase(value)){
Node parentNode = nodeList.item(i).getParentNode();
NodeList nl = parentNode.getChildNodes();
for(intj=0;j
String modifyNode= nl.item(j).getNodeName();
if(modifyNode.equalsIgnoreCase("age")){
nl.item(j).getFirstChild().setTextContent("25");
}
}
}
}
modifyFile(document,"student.xml");
}
}
/**
* 采用SAX方式
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
publicclassSAXForXmlextendsDefaultHandler{
privateStack tags =newStack();
privateMap contents =newLinkedHashMap();
publicintcount =0;
@Override
publicvoidcharacters(char[] ch,intstart,intlength)
throwsSAXException {
String tag = (String)tags.peek();
if("name".equals(tag)){
String name = newString(ch,start,length);
contents.put("name"+count,name);
}
if("age".equals(tag)){
contents.put("age"+count,newString(ch,start,length));
}
if("sex".equals(tag)){
contents.put("sex"+count,newString(ch,start,length));
}
if("address".equals(tag)){
contents.put("address"+count,newString(ch,start,length));
}
}
@Override
publicvoidstartElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throwsSAXException {
if("student".equals(qName)){
count++;
}
tags.push(qName);
}
@Override
publicvoidendElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throwsSAXException {
tags.pop();
}
publicMap getContents(){
returncontents;
}
}
/**
* 采用JDOM方式
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
publicclassJDOMForXml{
}
/**
* 采用DOM4J方式
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
publicclassDOM4JForXml{
/**
* 获取doc对象(org.dom4j.Document)
* @param fileName
* @return
*/
publicorg.dom4j.Document getDocument(String fileName){
SAXReader sr = newSAXReader();
org.dom4j.Document doc = null;
try{
doc = sr.read(newFile(fileName));
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
returndoc;
}
/**
* 将文件保存到硬盘
* @param doc
* @param fileName
*/
publicvoidwriteToFile(org.dom4j.Document doc,String fileName){
try{
Writer writer = newFileWriter(fileName);
OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
XMLWriter xmlWriter = newXMLWriter(writer, format);
xmlWriter.write(doc);
xmlWriter.close();
System.out.println(" 文件已经钝化！");
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 遍历xml文件输出节点值
*
* @param fileName
*/
publicvoidreadXml(String fileName){
org.dom4j.Document doc = getDocument(fileName);
List nameList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/name");
List ageList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/age");
List sexList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/sex");
List addressList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/address");
for(inti=0;i
StringBuilder sb = newStringBuilder();
sb.append("name="+((Element)nameList.get(i)).getTextTrim());
sb.append(",age="+((Element)ageList.get(i)).getTextTrim());
sb.append(",sex="+((Element)sexList.get(i)).getTextTrim());
sb.append(",address="+((Element)addressList.get(i)).getTextTrim());
System.out.println(sb.toString());
}
}
/**
* 根据姓名修改一个学生的信息
* @param name
* @param newValue
* @param fileName
*/
publicvoidupdateXml(String name,Map newValue,String fileName){
org.dom4j.Document doc = getDocument(fileName);
List nameList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/name");
Iterator iterator = nameList.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
Element element = (Element)iterator.next();
if(name!=null&& name.equals(element.getText())){
Element pe = element.getParent();
List childList = pe.elements();
for(inti=0;i
Iterator valueSet = newValue.entrySet().iterator();
while(valueSet.hasNext()){
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry)valueSet.next();
String nodeName = ((Element)childList.get(i)).getName();
String key = entry.getKey().toString();
if(key!=null&& key.equals(nodeName)){
((Element)childList.get(i)).setText((String)entry.getValue());
}
}
}
}
}
writeToFile(doc, fileName);
}
}
}package com.tigerlee.xml;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Stack;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
/**
*
* 在XML文档中实现增、删、改、查
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
public class HandleXML {
/**
* 采用DOM方式
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
public class DOMForXml{
/**
* 获得doc对象
* @param fileName
* @return
*/
public Document getDocument(String fileName){
Document document = null;
try{
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
document = builder.parse(new File(fileName));
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return document;
}
/**
* 将改动持久到文件
* @param doc
* @param distFileName
*/
public void modifyFile(Document doc,String distFileName){
try{
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer tfer = tf.newTransformer();
DOMSource dsource = new DOMSource(doc);
StreamResult sr = new StreamResult(new File("student.xml"));
tfer.transform(dsource, sr);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 解析
* @param fileName
*/
public void paseXml(String fileName){
Document document = getDocument(fileName);
NodeList nodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("student");
for(int i=0;i
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("姓名："+document.getElementsByTagName("name").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
sb.append(" , ");
sb.append("年龄："+document.getElementsByTagName("age").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
sb.append(" , ");
sb.append("性别："+document.getElementsByTagName("sex").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
sb.append(" , ");
sb.append("地址："+document.getElementsByTagName("address").item(i).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
System.out.println(sb.toString());
}
}
/**
* 创建一个新的学生
* @param name
* @param age
* @param sex
* @param address
*/
public void addNewNode(String name,String age,String sex,String address){
try{
Document document = getDocument("student.xml");
NodeList nodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("students");
//创建新的节点
Node studentNode = document.createElement("student");
Node nameNode = document.createElement("name");
nameNode.appendChild(document.createTextNode(name));
Node ageNode = document.createElement("age");
ageNode.appendChild(document.createTextNode(age));
Node sexNode = document.createElement("sex");
sexNode.appendChild(document.createTextNode(sex));
Node addressNode = document.createElement("address");
addressNode.appendChild(document.createTextNode(address));
// 添加节点
studentNode.appendChild(nameNode);
studentNode.appendChild(ageNode);
studentNode.appendChild(sexNode);
studentNode.appendChild(addressNode);
nodeList.item(0).appendChild(studentNode);
// 此时真正的处理将新数据添加到文件中(磁盘)
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer tfer = tf.newTransformer();
DOMSource dsource = new DOMSource(document);
StreamResult sr = new StreamResult(new File("student.xml"));
tfer.transform(dsource, sr);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
paseXml("student.xml");
}
/**
* 删除一个节点
* @param name
*/
public void deleteNode(String name){
Document document = getDocument("student.xml");
NodeList nodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("name");
for(int i=0;i
String value = nodeList.item(i).getFirstChild().getTextContent();
if(name!=null && name.equalsIgnoreCase(value)){
Node parentNode = nodeList.item(i).getParentNode();
document.getFirstChild().removeChild(parentNode);
}
}
modifyFile(document,"student.xml");
}
/**
* 根据name修改某个节点的内容
* @param name
*/
public void updateNode(String name){
Document document = getDocument("student.xml");
NodeList nodeList = document.getElementsByTagName("name");
for(int i=0;i
String value = nodeList.item(i).getFirstChild().getTextContent();
if(name!=null && name.equalsIgnoreCase(value)){
Node parentNode = nodeList.item(i).getParentNode();
NodeList nl = parentNode.getChildNodes();
for(int j=0;j
String modifyNode= nl.item(j).getNodeName();
if(modifyNode.equalsIgnoreCase("age")){
nl.item(j).getFirstChild().setTextContent("25");
}
}
}
}
modifyFile(document,"student.xml");
}
}
/**
* 采用SAX方式
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
public class SAXForXml extends DefaultHandler{
private Stack tags = new Stack();
private Map contents = new LinkedHashMap();
public int count = 0;
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
String tag = (String)tags.peek();
if("name".equals(tag)){
String name = new String(ch,start,length);
contents.put("name"+count,name);
}
if("age".equals(tag)){
contents.put("age"+count,new String(ch,start,length));
}
if("sex".equals(tag)){
contents.put("sex"+count,new String(ch,start,length));
}
if("address".equals(tag)){
contents.put("address"+count,new String(ch,start,length));
}
}
@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
if("student".equals(qName)){
count++;
}
tags.push(qName);
}
@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
tags.pop();
}
public Map getContents(){
return contents;
}
}
/**
* 采用JDOM方式
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
public class JDOMForXml{
}
/**
* 采用DOM4J方式
* @author TigerLee
*
*/
public class DOM4JForXml{
/**
* 获取doc对象(org.dom4j.Document)
* @param fileName
* @return
*/
public org.dom4j.Document getDocument(String fileName){
SAXReader sr = new SAXReader();
org.dom4j.Document doc = null;
try {
doc = sr.read(new File(fileName));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return doc;
}
/**
* 将文件保存到硬盘
* @param doc
* @param fileName
*/
public void writeToFile(org.dom4j.Document doc,String fileName){
try {
Writer writer = new FileWriter(fileName);
OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
XMLWriter xmlWriter = new XMLWriter(writer, format);
xmlWriter.write(doc);
xmlWriter.close();
System.out.println(" 文件已经钝化！");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 遍历xml文件输出节点值
*
* @param fileName
*/
public void readXml(String fileName){
org.dom4j.Document doc = getDocument(fileName);
List nameList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/name");
List ageList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/age");
List sexList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/sex");
List addressList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/address");
for(int i=0;i
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("name="+((Element)nameList.get(i)).getTextTrim());
sb.append(",age="+((Element)ageList.get(i)).getTextTrim());
sb.append(",sex="+((Element)sexList.get(i)).getTextTrim());
sb.append(",address="+((Element)addressList.get(i)).getTextTrim());
System.out.println(sb.toString());
}
}
/**
* 根据姓名修改一个学生的信息
* @param name
* @param newValue
* @param fileName
*/
public void updateXml(String name,Map newValue,String fileName){
org.dom4j.Document doc = getDocument(fileName);
List nameList = doc.selectNodes("/students/student/name");
Iterator iterator = nameList.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
Element element = (Element)iterator.next();
if(name!=null && name.equals(element.getText())){
Element pe = element.getParent();
List childList = pe.elements();
for(int i=0;i
Iterator valueSet = newValue.entrySet().iterator();
while(valueSet.hasNext()){
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry)valueSet.next();
String nodeName = ((Element)childList.get(i)).getName();
String key = entry.getKey().toString();
if(key!=null && key.equals(nodeName)){
((Element)childList.get(i)).setText((String)entry.getValue());
}
}
}
}
}
writeToFile(doc, fileName);
}
}
}
3:接下来是测试的java文件 TestXml.java
Java代码
packagecom.tigerlee.xml;
importjava.io.File;
importjava.util.HashMap;
importjava.util.Iterator;
importjava.util.Map;
importjava.util.Set;
importjavax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
importorg.junit.Test;
publicclassTestXml{
@Test
publicvoidtestDomForXml(){
HandleXML handleXml = newHandleXML();
HandleXML.DOMForXml domForXml = handleXml.newDOMForXml();
//解析
//domForXml.paseXml("student.xml");
// 新增
//domForXml.addNewNode("Sun", "20", "Man", "USA");
//删除
//domForXml.deleteNode("sun");
domForXml.updateNode("TigerLee");
}
@Test
publicvoidtestSAXForXml()throwsException{
HandleXML handleXml = newHandleXML();
HandleXML.SAXForXml saxForXml = handleXml.newSAXForXml();
SAXParserFactory saxFactory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser sp = saxFactory.newSAXParser();
sp.parse(newFile("student.xml"), saxForXml);
Map contents = saxForXml.getContents();
Iterator keys = contents.keySet().iterator();
while(keys.hasNext()){
String key = (String)keys.next();
System.out.println(key+":"+contents.get(key));
}
}
@Test
publicvoidtestDom4jForXml(){
HandleXML handleXml = newHandleXML();
HandleXML.DOM4JForXml dom4j = handleXml.newDOM4JForXml();
//解析xml
dom4j.readXml("student.xml");
Map newValue = newHashMap();
newValue.put("age","26");
dom4j.updateXml("TigerLee", newValue,"student.xml");
}
}package com.tigerlee.xml;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import org.junit.Test;
public class TestXml{
@Test
public void testDomForXml(){
HandleXML handleXml = new HandleXML();
HandleXML.DOMForXml domForXml = handleXml.new DOMForXml();
//解析
//domForXml.paseXml("student.xml");
// 新增
//domForXml.addNewNode("Sun", "20", "Man", "USA");
//删除
//domForXml.deleteNode("sun");
domForXml.updateNode("TigerLee");
}
@Test
public void testSAXForXml() throws Exception{
HandleXML handleXml = new HandleXML();
HandleXML.SAXForXml saxForXml = handleXml.new SAXForXml();
SAXParserFactory saxFactory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser sp = saxFactory.newSAXParser();
sp.parse(new File("student.xml"), saxForXml);
Map contents = saxForXml.getContents();
Iterator keys = contents.keySet().iterator();
while(keys.hasNext()){
String key = (String)keys.next();
System.out.println(key+":"+contents.get(key));
}
}
@Test
public void testDom4jForXml(){
HandleXML handleXml = new HandleXML();
HandleXML.DOM4JForXml dom4j = handleXml.new DOM4JForXml();
//解析xml
dom4j.readXml("student.xml");
Map newValue = new HashMap();
newValue.put("age","26");
dom4j.updateXml("TigerLee", newValue, "student.xml");
}
}
以上是自己总结的一些处理xml的方式，~~在处理xml的类中使用了内部类，测试类使用的是简单的单元测试方式。
例子中使用的jar包：
dom.jar
xercesImpl.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
jaxen-1.1.1.jar
1051
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
