centos mysql5.7.9安装教程_CentOS 5.7.X 环境下MySql 5.7.X 安装教程

解压包安装方式

一、安装向导

1.系统约定

安装文件下载目录：/data/software

Mysql目录安装位置：/usr/local/mysql

数据库保存位置：/data/mysql

日志保存位置：/data/log/mysql

2.下载mysql

在官网：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/中，选择以下版本的mysql下载，完成后执行以下解压命令：

tar -zxf mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz

3.解压压缩包到目标位置

mkdir /usr/local/mysql

mv mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-i686 /usr/local/mysql

4.创建数据仓库目录

mkdir –p /data/mysql

ls/data/

5.新建mysql用户、组及目录

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

6.改变目录属有者

chmod a+xrw /usr/local/mysql/

chmod a+xrw /usr/local/mysql

(上面授权mysql文件夹读写权限很重要，会直接导致mysql.sock文件能否正常生成)

cd /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

chown –R mysql

chgrp –R mysql

chown -R mysql /data/mysql

7.配置参数

cd /usr/local/mysql

bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

期间会出现一些缺少系统库的提示(请参考后面的常见错误处理)

此处需要注意记录生成的临时密码，如：YLi>7ecpe;YP

bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/data/mysql

8.修改系统配置文件

cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

vim /etc/init.d/mysql

修改以下内容：

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql

vim/etc/my.cnf

修改以下内容：

此处内容较多，具体可以参考附录里面的样式进行设置。

9.启动mysql

添加启动软连接：ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql  (移除软连接：rm -rf /usr/bin/mysql)

cd /usr/local/mysql

bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

bin/mysql--user=root –p--输入第6步生成的临时密码

(./bin/mysql-u root -p)

此处可能出现错误提示

错误提示：

ERROR1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

解决方法：

bin/mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p     #--输入第6步生成的临时密码

登录成功之后修改root密码

mysql>set password=password('123456');

mysql>use mysql;

mysql>select 'host' from user where user='root';

mysql>update user set host = '%' where user ='root';

mysql>flush privileges;

mysql>select 'host' from user where user='root';

mysql>exit

10．添加系统路径

vi /etc/profile

添加：

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

source /etc/profile

11．配置mysql自动启动

chmod755 /etc/init.d/mysql

chkconfig --add mysql

chkconfig --level 345 mysql on

二、常见错误处理

1.缺库

bash:/usr/local/bin/rar: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file ordirectory

yuminstall glibc.i686

errorwhile loading shared libraries: libstdc++.so.6: cannot open shared object file:No such file or directory

yuminstall libstdc++.so.6

errorwhile loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: Nosuch file or directory

yum install libaio*

error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file

yum install  libncurses.so.5

2. 解决Navicat 报错:1130-host is not allowed MySQL不允许从远程访问的方法

1. /usr/local/mysql/bin/>mysql -h localhost -u root -p      //这样应该可以进入MySQL服务器

2. mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;//赋予任何主机访问数据的权限

3. mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES; //修改生效

4. mysql>exit    //退出MySQL服务器

3. ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock'

a.查看是否开启服务# ps -ef | grep mysql

root      5605  5457  0 11:45 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mysql

b.查看my.cnf (参考附录重新编辑配置文件)

c.启动mysql服务器# ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root &

d .查看是否开启服务# ps -ef | grep mysql

root      5359    1  0 11:42 ?        00:00:00 ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root

root      5605  5457  0 11:45 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mysql

三、附录

1. my.conf配置内容参考

# For advice on how to changesettings please see

#http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It'sa template which will be copied to the

# *** default location duringinstall, and will be replaced if you

# *** upgrade to a newer versionof MySQL.

[client]

port=3306

socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

#character-set-server = utf8

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to theamount of RAM for the most important data

# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% oftotal RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on avery important data integrity option: logging

# changes to the binary logbetween backups.

# log_bin

# These are commonly set, removethe # and set as required.

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql

port = 3306

# server_id = .....

socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

# Remove leading # to set optionsmainly useful for reporting servers.

# The server defaults are fasterfor transactions and fast SELECTs.

# Adjust sizes as needed,experiment to find the optimal values.

join_buffer_size = 64M

sort_buffer_size = 16M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

#lower_case_file_system = ON

#lower_case_table_names = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

RPM方式安装

一、环境准备​

1.官方下载地址:

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2.解压:

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

3.卸载之前的版本

rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

rpm -e xxxxx [之前安装的版本] --nodeps 要卸载的mysql版本

4.安装依赖组件

yum -y install libaio /yum install libaio*

yum -y install net-tools

yum -y install perl

yum -y install libaio.so.1

二、按照步骤安装应用

1.rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

2.rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

3.rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

4.rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps --force

5.rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el6.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps --force

三、查看、启动、停止数据库

# 查看mysql是否启动service

mysqld status

或者

service mysql status

# 启动mysqlservice

mysqld start

或者

service mysql start

# 停止mysqlservice

mysqld stop

# 重启mysqlservice

mysqld restart

四、修改密码 (有点特殊 )

1.查看临时密码

grep password /var/log/mysqld.log

服务器回应：

2017-09-01T16:43:10.889769Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: hcLMTxbOh2?w

这样我们得知临时密码是：hcLMTxbOh2?w

2. 修改密码

# 登录mysql，之后需要输入密码

mysql -p

# 设置新密码(数据库的密码需要满足以下条件：大小写字母，数字和特殊符号)

set password = password("Mysql_123456");

# 退出当前登录

quit;

3.测试

mysql -uroot -p

enter password:Mysql_123456

五、异常处理

1.  登录异常：Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock'

[root@localhost /]# find / -name mysql.sock

/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

#我们需要修改my.cnf文件

[root@localhost /]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[client]

port    = 3306

socket  = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

……

保存之后即出，重新启动mysql...