ios android rsa加密解密,iOS常用加密之RSA加密解密(示例代码)

RSA基本原理

RSA使用"秘匙对"对数据进行加密解密.在加密解密数据前,需要先生成公钥(public key)和私钥(private key).

公钥(public key): 用于加密数据. 用于公开, 一般存放在数据提供方, 例如iOS客户端.

私钥(private key): 用于解密数据. 必须保密, 私钥泄露会造成安全问题

第一步：公钥、私钥的生成

iOS开发者可直接在Mac终端生成，命令如下，生成公钥der文件的时候需要填写国家地区等基本信息，也可直接忽略不填。生成私p12文件的时候需要填写密码，这个必填而且要记住，后面会用得着。

// 生成1024位私钥

openssl genrsa -out private_key.pem 1024

// 根据私钥生成CSR文件

openssl req -new -key private_key.pem -out rsaCertReq.csr

// 根据私钥和CSR文件生成crt文件

openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in rsaCertReq.csr -signkey private_key.pem -out rsaCert.crt

// 为IOS端生成公钥der文件

openssl x509 -outform der -in rsaCert.crt -out public_key.der

// 将私钥导出为这p12文件

openssl pkcs12 -export -out private_key.p12 -inkey private_key.pem -in rsaCert.crt

第二步：加密相关的代码

在加密加密的时候需要定义公有变量公钥和私钥

SecKeyRef _publicKey;

SecKeyRef _privateKey;

加密相关的代码

1 #pragma mark - 加密相关

2 //用本地证书加载公钥

3 - (void)loadPublicKeyWithPath:(NSString *)derFilePath4 {5 NSData *derData =[[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:derFilePath];6 if (derData.length > 0)7 {8 [self loadPublicKeyWithData:derData];9 }10 else

11 {12 NSLog(@"load public key fail with path: %@", derFilePath);13 }14 }15 //加载公钥方法

16 - (void)loadPublicKeyWithData:(NSData *)derData17 {18 SecCertificateRef myCertificate =SecCertificateCreateWithData(kCFAllocatorDefault, (__bridge CFDataRef)derData);19 SecPolicyRef myPolicy =SecPolicyCreateBasicX509();20 SecTrustRef myTrust;21 OSStatus status = SecTrustCreateWithCertificates(myCertificate,myPolicy,&myTrust);22 SecTrustResultType trustResult;23 if (status ==noErr) {24 status = SecTrustEvaluate(myTrust, &trustResult);25 }26

27 SecKeyRef securityKey =SecTrustCopyPublicKey(myTrust); CFRelease(myCertificate); CFRelease(myPolicy); CFRelease(myTrust);28

29 _publicKey =securityKey;30 }31

32

33 //将文本内容加密

34 - (NSString *)rsaEncryptText:(NSString *)text35 {36 NSData *encryptedData =[self rsaEncryptData:[text dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];37 NSString *base64EncryptedString = [encryptedData base64EncodedStringWithOptions:0];38 returnbase64EncryptedString;39 }40

41

42 //分段再加密数据

43 - (NSData *)rsaEncryptData:(NSData *)data44 {45 SecKeyRef key =_publicKey;46

47 size_t cipherBufferSize =SecKeyGetBlockSize(key);48 uint8_t *cipherBuffer = malloc(cipherBufferSize * sizeof(uint8_t));49 size_t blockSize = cipherBufferSize - 11;50 size_t blockCount = (size_t)ceil([data length] / (double)blockSize);51 NSMutableData *encryptedData =[[NSMutableData alloc] init] ;52 for (int i = 0; i < blockCount; i++)53 {54 size_t bufferSize = MIN(blockSize,[data length] - i *blockSize);55 NSData *buffer = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(i *blockSize, bufferSize)];56 OSStatus status = SecKeyEncrypt(key, kSecPaddingPKCS1,(const uint8_t *)[buffer bytes],[buffer length],cipherBuffer,&cipherBufferSize);57 if (status ==noErr)58 {59 NSData *encryptedBytes = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:(const void *)cipherBuffer length: cipherBufferSize];60 [encryptedData appendData:encryptedBytes];61 }62 else

63 {64 if(cipherBuffer) {65 free(cipherBuffer);66 } returnnil;67 }68

69 }70 if(cipherBuffer)71 {72 free(cipherBuffer);73

74 }75 returnencryptedData;76 }

第三步：解密相关代码

#pragma mark - 解密相关

- (void)loadPrivateKeyWithPath:(NSString *)p12FilePath password:(NSString *)p12Password

{

NSData*data =[NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:p12FilePath];if (data.length > 0)

{

[self loadPrivateKeyWithData:data password:p12Password];

}else{ NSLog(@"load private key fail with path: %@", p12FilePath);

}

}//生成私钥

- (void)loadPrivateKeyWithData:(NSData *)p12Data password:(NSString *)p12Password

{

SecKeyRef privateKeyRef=NULL;

NSMutableDictionary* options =[[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];

[options setObject:p12Password forKey:(__bridgeid)kSecImportExportPassphrase]; CFArrayRef items = CFArrayCreate(NULL, 0, 0, NULL);

OSStatus securityError=SecPKCS12Import((__bridge CFDataRef)p12Data,

(__bridge CFDictionaryRef)options,&items); if (securityError == noErr && CFArrayGetCount(items) > 0) { CFDictionaryRef identityDict = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(items, 0);

SecIdentityRef identityApp=(SecIdentityRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(identityDict,

kSecImportItemIdentity);

securityError= SecIdentityCopyPrivateKey(identityApp, &privateKeyRef); if (securityError !=noErr) {

privateKeyRef=NULL;

}

}

_privateKey=privateKeyRef;

CFRelease(items);

}//调用下面方法进行解密，最后返回一个字符串

- (NSString *)rsaDecryptText:(NSString *)text

{

NSData*data = [[NSData alloc] initWithBase64EncodedString:text options:0];

NSData*decryptData =[self rsaDecryptData:data];

NSString*result =[[NSString alloc] initWithData:decryptData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];returnresult;

}//用私钥解密的方法，被上面方法调用

- (NSData *)rsaDecryptData:(NSData *)data

{

SecKeyRef key=_privateKey;

size_t cipherLen=[data length];void *cipher =malloc(cipherLen);

[data getBytes:cipher length:cipherLen];

size_t plainLen= SecKeyGetBlockSize(key) - 12;void *plain =malloc(plainLen);

OSStatus status= SecKeyDecrypt(key, kSecPaddingPKCS1, cipher, cipherLen, plain, &plainLen);if (status !=noErr)

{returnnil;

}

NSData*decryptedData = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:(const void *)plain length:plainLen];returndecryptedData;

}

第四步：RSA加密解密的应用

在加密活解密之前一定要闲加载证书，然后再调用加密方法，直接上代码

1 - (IBAction)decryptionBtnClick:(id)sender {2

3 NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"public_key" ofType:@"der"];4 [self loadPublicKeyWithPath:path];5 path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"private_key" ofType:@"p12"];6 [self loadPrivateKeyWithPath:path password:@"bestnet"];7

8 NSString *encryptStr =self.encryptTextFeild.text;9 if (encryptStr.length > 0)10 {11 NSString *miwen =[self rsaEncryptText:encryptStr];12 self.miWenLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"加密结果：%@", miwen];13 if (miwen.length > 0)14 {15 self.decryptionTextFeild.text =[self rsaDecryptText:miwen];16 }17 }18 }

效果图