oracle 新建 逻辑坏块,Oracle Rman修复逻辑坏块

RMAN 实现数据块恢复

试用Rman可以实现数据块级的数据恢复，在传统恢复手段中即某个数据文件的一个数据块被损坏，就造成整个数据文件无法试用，

此时必须通过备份恢复整个数据文件。显然这样的方法会会时间较长，而RMAN实现块级恢复，如果某个数据文件的数据损坏，通过数据文件的完整备份就可以

恢复数据块。

案例：

数据库是一个单实例ORACLE数据库，该库的总大小有700G。

存储设备使用华为存储，备份设备使用希捷3T的移动硬盘。该数据库无DG无OGG。备份策略为每周六0点全库备份，周三0点1级差异备份其余时间为每天0点做2级差异备份。全库备份大小为500G左右。

2.2 故障情况

本次故障原因是INSPUROA用户在查询EDOC_BASE_WORKFLOW表出现报错。提示故障坏块为datafile 5。报错信息取至alter日志如下：

Reading datafile '/oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf' for corruption at rdba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Reread (file 5, block 2969045) found same corrupt data (no logical check)

Tue Aug 18 10:53:51 2015

Corrupt Block Found

TSN = 6, TSNAME = OA

RFN = 5, BLK = 2969045, RDBA = 23940565

OBJN = 95690, OBJD = 95690, OBJECT = EDOC_BASE_WORKFLOW, SUBOBJECT =

SEGMENT OWNER = INSPUROA, SEGMENT TYPE = Table Segment

Tue Aug 18 10:55:03 2015

Hex dump of (file 5, block 2969045) in trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oadb/oadb/trace/oadb_ora_4565.trc

Corrupt block relative dba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Bad header found during buffer read

Data in bad block:

type: 117 format: 0 rdba: 0x20206b73

last change scn: 0x2020.20202020 seq: 0x20 flg: 0x20

spare1: 0x64 spare2: 0x69 spare3: 0x0

consistency value in tail: 0x4d240601

check value in block header: 0x5f49

block checksum disabled

Reading datafile '/oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf' for corruption at rdba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Reread (file 5, block 2969045) found same corrupt data (no logical check)

Tue Aug 18 10:55:03 2015

Corrupt Block Found

TSN = 6, TSNAME = OA

RFN = 5, BLK = 2969045, RDBA = 23940565

OBJN = 95690, OBJD = 95690, OBJECT = EDOC_BASE_WORKFLOW, SUBOBJECT =

SEGMENT OWNER = INSPUROA, SEGMENT TYPE = Table Segment

Tue Aug 18 10:57:29 2015

Hex dump of (file 5, block 2969045) in trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oadb/oadb/trace/oadb_ora_21708.trc

Corrupt block relative dba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Bad header found during buffer read

Data in bad block:

type: 117 format: 0 rdba: 0x20206b73

last change scn: 0x2020.20202020 seq: 0x20 flg: 0x20

spare1: 0x64 spare2: 0x69 spare3: 0x0

consistency value in tail: 0x4d240601

check value in block header: 0x5f49

block checksum disabled

分析原因

观察存储，无报错警告，初步怀疑逻辑坏块

执行修复

根据报错信息

Reading datafile '/oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf' for corruption at rdba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Reread (file 5, block 2969045) found same corrupt data (no logical check)

Corrupt Block Found

TSN = 6, TSNAME = OA

RFN = 5, BLK = 2969045, RDBA = 23940565

OBJN = 95690, OBJD = 95690, OBJECT = EDOC_BASE_WORKFLOW, SUBOBJECT =

SEGMENT OWNER = INSPUROA, SEGMENT TYPE = Table Segment

确定数据文件 datafile 5，oa01.dbf出现坏块现象

查看坏块信息：

SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;

FILE#     BLOCK#     BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------

5    2969045          1                  0 CORRUPT

确定坏块为2969045号

检查备份日志(增量，全量)是否完整备份

检查备份datafile 5 是否完整

RMAN>backup validate datafile 5;

Starting backup at 18-AUG-15

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=982 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00005 name=/oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:05:35

List of Datafiles

=================

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN

---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------

5    FAILED 0              1840         4190720         9484751217293

File Name: /oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf

Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed

---------- -------------- ----------------

Data       0              2842014

Index      0              182983

Other      1              1163883

validate found one or more corrupt blocks

See trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oadb/oadb/trace/oadb_ora_13513.trc for details

Finished backup at 18-AUG-15

执行修复

使用RMAN工具

RMAN>blockrecover datafile 5 block 2969045;

Starting recover at 18-AUG-15

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring block(s)

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying block(s) to restore from backup set

restoring blocks of datafile 00005

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkdb_ssqek9d1_1_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkdb_ssqek9d1_1_1.bak tag=TAG20150815T000448

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored block(s) from backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkdb_ssqek9d1_2_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkdb_ssqek9d1_2_1.bak tag=TAG20150815T000448

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored block(s) from backup piece 2

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkdb_ssqek9d1_3_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkdb_ssqek9d1_3_1.bak tag=TAG20150815T000448

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored block(s) from backup piece 3

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkdb_ssqek9d1_4_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkdb_ssqek9d1_4_1.bak tag=TAG20150815T000448

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored block(s) from backup piece 4

channel ORA_DISK_1: block restore complete, elapsed time: 00:29:50

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8341 is already on disk as file /orabak/arch/1_8341_802601679.dbf

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8342 is already on disk as file /orabak/arch/1_8342_802601679.dbf

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8343 is already on disk as file /orabak/arch/1_8343_802601679.dbf

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8344 is already on disk as file /orabak/arch/1_8344_802601679.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8318

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkarc_t2qekhpb_1_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150815_fullbkarc_t2qekhpb_1_1.bak tag=TAG20150815T022754

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8319

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8320

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150816_inc_2bkair_t9qemurm_1_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150816_inc_2bkair_t9qemurm_1_1.bak tag=TAG20150816T002318

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8321

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8322

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150816_inc_2bkair_taqemurm_1_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150816_inc_2bkair_taqemurm_1_1.bak tag=TAG20150816T002318

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8323

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8324

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150817_inc_2bkair_thqepj8n_1_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150817_inc_2bkair_thqepj8n_1_1.bak tag=TAG20150817T002350

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8325

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8326

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150817_inc_2bkair_tiqepj8n_1_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150817_inc_2bkair_tiqepj8n_1_1.bak tag=TAG20150817T002350

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8327

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8328

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8329

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8330

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8331

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150818_inc_2bkair_tpqes7ml_1_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150818_inc_2bkair_tpqes7ml_1_1.bak tag=TAG20150818T002453

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8332

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8333

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8334

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8335

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150818_inc_2bkair_tqqes7ml_1_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150818_inc_2bkair_tqqes7ml_1_1.bak tag=TAG20150818T002453

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8336

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8337

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8338

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8339

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=8340

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /orabak_m/oadb/20150818_inc_2bkair_trqes7ml_1_1.bak

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/orabak_m/oadb/20150818_inc_2bkair_trqes7ml_1_1.bak tag=TAG20150818T002453

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16

Finished recover at 18-AUG-15

修复完成查看alter日志情况

Media Recovery Log /orabak/arch/1_8336_802601679.dbf

Tue Aug 18 12:04:29 2015

Media Recovery Log /orabak/arch/1_8336_802601679.dbf (restored)

Media Recovery Log /orabak/arch/1_8337_802601679.dbf

Media Recovery Log /orabak/arch/1_8338_802601679.dbf

Media Recovery Log /orabak/arch/1_8339_802601679.dbf

Media Recovery Log /orabak/arch/1_8340_802601679.dbf

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 8341 Reading mem 0

Mem# 0: /orabak/logfile/redo01a.log

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 8342 Reading mem 0

Mem# 0: /orabak/logfile/redo02a.log

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 8343 Reading mem 0

Mem# 0: /orabak/logfile/redo03a.log

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 4 Seq 8344 Reading mem 0

Mem# 0: /orabak/logfile/redo04a.log

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 5 Seq 8345 Reading mem 0

Mem# 0: /orabak/logfile/redo05a.log

Completed Block Media Recovery

查询故障块信息：

SQL>select * from v$database_block_corruption;

no rows selected

查询故障表信息：

SQL> select count(1) from INSPUROA.EDOC_BASE_WORKFLOW;

COUNT(1)

----------

1393635