oracle 新建 逻辑坏块,Oracle RMAN修复逻辑坏块

试用Rman可以实现数据块级的数据恢复，在传统恢复手段中即某个数据文件的一个数据块被损坏，就造成整个数据文件无法试用，此时必

RMAN 实现数据块恢复

试用Rman可以实现数据块级的数据恢复，在传统恢复手段中即某个数据文件的一个数据块被损坏，就造成整个数据文件无法试用，此时必须通过备份恢复整个数据文件。显然这样的方法会会时间较长，而RMAN实现块级恢复，如果某个数据文件的数据损坏，通过数据文件的完整备份就可以恢复数据块。

案例：

数据库是一个单实例Oracle数据库，该库的总大小有700G。

存储设备使用华为存储，备份设备使用希捷3T的移动硬盘。该数据库无DG无OGG。备份策略为每周六0点全库备份，周三0点1级差异备份其余时间为每天0点做2级差异备份。全库备份大小为500G左右。

2.2 故障情况

本次故障原因是INSPUROA用户在查询EDOC_BASE_WORKFLOW表出现报错。提示故障坏块为datafile 5。报错信息取至alter日志如下：

Reading datafile '/oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf' for corruption at rdba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Reread (file 5, block 2969045) found same corrupt data (no logical check)

Tue Aug 18 10:53:51 2015

Corrupt Block Found

TSN = 6, TSNAME = OA

RFN = 5, BLK = 2969045, RDBA = 23940565

OBJN = 95690, OBJD = 95690, OBJECT = EDOC_BASE_WORKFLOW, SUBOBJECT =

SEGMENT OWNER = INSPUROA, SEGMENT TYPE = Table Segment

Tue Aug 18 10:55:03 2015

Hex dump of (file 5, block 2969045) in trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oadb/oadb/trace/oadb_ora_4565.trc

Corrupt block relative dba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Bad header found during buffer read

Data in bad block:

type: 117 format: 0 rdba: 0x20206b73

last change scn: 0x2020.20202020 seq: 0x20 flg: 0x20

spare1: 0x64 spare2: 0x69 spare3: 0x0

consistency value in tail: 0x4d240601

check value in block header: 0x5f49

block checksum disabled

Reading datafile '/oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf' for corruption at rdba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Reread (file 5, block 2969045) found same corrupt data (no logical check)

Tue Aug 18 10:55:03 2015

Corrupt Block Found

TSN = 6, TSNAME = OA

RFN = 5, BLK = 2969045, RDBA = 23940565

OBJN = 95690, OBJD = 95690, OBJECT = EDOC_BASE_WORKFLOW, SUBOBJECT =

SEGMENT OWNER = INSPUROA, SEGMENT TYPE = Table Segment

Tue Aug 18 10:57:29 2015

Hex dump of (file 5, block 2969045) in trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oadb/oadb/trace/oadb_ora_21708.trc

Corrupt block relative dba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Bad header found during buffer read

Data in bad block:

type: 117 format: 0 rdba: 0x20206b73

last change scn: 0x2020.20202020 seq: 0x20 flg: 0x20

spare1: 0x64 spare2: 0x69 spare3: 0x0

consistency value in tail: 0x4d240601

check value in block header: 0x5f49

block checksum disabled

分析原因

观察存储，无报错警告，初步怀疑逻辑坏块

执行修复

根据报错信息

Reading datafile '/oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf' for corruption at rdba: 0x016d4dd5 (file 5, block 2969045)

Reread (file 5, block 2969045) found same corrupt data (no logical check)

Corrupt Block Found

TSN = 6, TSNAME = OA

RFN = 5, BLK = 2969045, RDBA = 23940565

OBJN = 95690, OBJD = 95690, OBJECT = EDOC_BASE_WORKFLOW, SUBOBJECT =

SEGMENT OWNER = INSPUROA, SEGMENT TYPE = Table Segment

确定数据文件 datafile 5，oa01.dbf出现坏块现象

查看坏块信息：

SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;

FILE#    BLOCK#    BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------

5    2969045          1                  0 CORRUPT

确定坏块为2969045号

检查备份日志(增量，全量)是否完整备份

检查备份datafile 5 是否完整

RMAN> backup validate datafile 5;

Starting backup at 18-AUG-15

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=982 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00005 name=/oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:05:35

List of Datafiles

=================

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN

---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------

5    FAILED 0              1840        4190720        9484751217293

File Name: /oradata/datafiles/oadb/oa01.dbf

Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed

---------- -------------- ----------------

Data      0              2842014

Index      0              182983

Other      1              1163883

validate found one or more corrupt blocks

See trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oadb/oadb/trace/oadb_ora_13513.trc for details

Finished backup at 18-AUG-15

执行修复

使用RMAN工具

RMAN> blockrecover datafile 5 block 2969045;

Starting recover at 18-AUG-15

using channel ORA_DISK_1