java submit execute_Java 线程池submit和execute

submit方法：

public abstract class AbstractExecutorService implementsExecutorService {protected RunnableFuturenewTaskFor(Runnable runnable, T value) {return new FutureTask(runnable, value);

}protected RunnableFuture newTaskFor(Callablecallable) {return new FutureTask(callable);

}public Future>submit(Runnable task) {if (task == null) throw newNullPointerException();

RunnableFuture ftask = newTaskFor(task, null);

execute(ftask);returnftask;

}public Futuresubmit(Runnable task, T result) {if (task == null) throw newNullPointerException();

RunnableFuture ftask =newTaskFor(task, result);

execute(ftask);returnftask;

}public Future submit(Callabletask) {if (task == null) throw newNullPointerException();

RunnableFuture ftask =newTaskFor(task);

execute(ftask);returnftask;

}//....

}

public interface RunnableFuture extends Runnable, Future{/*** Sets this Future to the result of its computation

* unless it has been cancelled.*/

voidrun();

}

protected RunnableFuturenewTaskFor(Runnable runnable, T value) {return new FutureTask(runnable, value);

}protected RunnableFuture newTaskFor(Callablecallable) {return new FutureTask(callable);

}

public class FutureTask implements RunnableFuture{private finaljava.util.concurrent.FutureTask.Sync sync;public FutureTask(Callablecallable) {if (callable == null)throw newNullPointerException();

sync= newjava.util.concurrent.FutureTask.Sync(callable);

}publicFutureTask(Runnable runnable, V result) {

sync= newjava.util.concurrent.FutureTask.Sync(Executors.callable(runnable, result));

}//....

}

submit返回的最终是FutureTask对象

execute方法：

public interfaceExecutor {voidexecute(Runnable command);

}

具体的实现在ThreadPoolExecutor类中

public voidexecute(Runnable command) {if (command == null)throw newNullPointerException();int c =ctl.get();if (workerCountOf(c)

c=ctl.get();

}if (isRunning(c) &&workQueue.offer(command)) {int recheck =ctl.get();if (! isRunning(recheck) &&remove(command))

reject(command);else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)

addWorker(null, false);

}else if (!addWorker(command, false))

reject(command);

}

submit内部调用execute

submit有返回值

submit方便exception处理

submit的demo:

importjava.util.ArrayList;importjava.util.List;importjava.util.Random;importjava.util.concurrent.Callable;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;importjava.util.concurrent.Future;public classMain {public static voidmain(String[] args) {

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

List> resultList = new ArrayList>();//创建10个任务并执行

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {//使用ExecutorService执行Callable类型的任务，并将结果保存在future变量中

Future future = executorService.submit(newTaskWithResult(i));//将任务执行结果存储到List中

resultList.add(future);

}

executorService.shutdown();//遍历任务的结果

for (Futurefs : resultList) {try{

System.out.println(fs.get());//打印各个线程(任务)执行的结果

} catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}catch(ExecutionException e) {

executorService.shutdownNow();

e.printStackTrace();return;

}

}

}

}class TaskWithResult implements Callable{private intid;public TaskWithResult(intid) {this.id =id;

}/*** 任务的具体过程，一旦任务传给ExecutorService的submit方法，则该方法自动在一个线程上执行。

*

*@return*@throwsException*/

public String call() throwsException {

System.out.println("call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ " +Thread.currentThread().getName());if (newRandom().nextBoolean())throw new TaskException("Meet error in task." +Thread.currentThread().getName());//一个模拟耗时的操作

for (int i =9; i > 0; i--)

;return "call()方法被自动调用，任务的结果是：" + id + " " +Thread.currentThread().getName();

}

}class TaskException extendsException {publicTaskException(String message) {super(message);

}

}

call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-5call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-1call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-2call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-4call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-6call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-6call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-4call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-2call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-3call()方法被自动调用,干活！！！ pool-1-thread-7call()方法被自动调用，任务的结果是：0 pool-1-thread-1call()方法被自动调用，任务的结果是：1 pool-1-thread-2java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: com.company.TaskException: Meet error in task.pool-1-thread-3at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)

at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)

at com.company.Main.main(Main.java:29)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)

at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)

at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)

at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)

Caused by: com.company.TaskException: Meet error in task.pool-1-thread-3at com.company.TaskWithResult.call(Main.java:56)

at com.company.TaskWithResult.call(Main.java:40)

at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)

at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)

at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)

at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

View Code

Runnable和Callable的区别是，

(1)Callable规定的方法是call(),Runnable规定的方法是run().

(2)Callable的任务执行后可返回值，而Runnable的任务是不能返回值得

(3)call方法可以抛出异常，run方法不可以

(4)运行Callable任务可以拿到一个Future对象，表示异步计算的结果。它提供了检查计算是否完成的方法，以等待计算的完成，并检索计算的结果。通过Future对象可以了解任务执行情况，可取消任务的执行，还可获取执行结果。