1背景 在回顾线程池的使用时,发现submit和execute,有很多相似之处,并对其进行了进一步的探索。 先上结论: 线程池中,不需要返回值的pool.execute(runnable) 线程池中,需要返回值的pool.submit(callable),或者,先进行包装FutureTask futureTask = new FutureTask(callable);再executor.submit(futureTask); 普通线程中,不需要返回值可以直接使用new Thread(runnable).start() 普通线程中,需要返回值,先进行包装FutureTask futureTask = new FutureTask(callable);再new Thread(futureTask).start(),结果通过futureTask的属性方法进行查看 (有可能还有其他方法,水平有限,可能暂未列出) 2代码实践 最原始的submit和execute代码实践,submit执行callable接口类,execute执行runnable接口类 package com.zte.线程池实践; import java.util.concurrent.*; public class CallableTask implements Callable, Runnable { private int flag; public static int ExceptionNumber = 666; public CallableTask(int flag) { this.flag = flag; } @Override public String call() throws Exception { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); if (flag == ExceptionNumber) { throw new Exception("flag is ExceptionNumber"); } return flag % 2 == 0 ? "偶数" : "奇数"; } @Override public void run() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); System.out.println(flag % 2 == 0 ? "偶数" : "奇数"); } public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { ExecutorService cachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); Runnable runnable1 = new CallableTask(1); Runnable runnable2 = new CallableTask(2); Runnable runnable3 = new CallableTask(666); cachedThreadPool.execute(runnable1); cachedThreadPool.execute(runnable2); cachedThreadPool.execute(runnable3); Thread.sleep(1000); Callable callable1 = new CallableTask(1); Callable callable2 = new CallableTask(2); Callable callable3 = new CallableTask(666); Future future1 = cachedThreadPool.submit(callable1); Future future2 = cachedThreadPool.submit(callable2); Future future3 = cachedThreadPool.submit(callable3); while (true) { if (future1.isDone() && future2.isDone() && future3.isDone()) { System.out.println("=====================inside=================while====================="); System.out.println(future1.get());//future 的 get 方法本身就是阻塞的,直接调用时会一直等到有了结果才会执行下一条语句 System.out.println(future2.get()); try { //get 只能get到call方法的返回值,抛出的异常从调用get方法时一同抛出,异常还是应该使用try catch 捕捉 System.out.println(future3.get()); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } // System.out.println(future3.get()); break; } System.out.println("last line in while cycle"); } cachedThreadPool.shutdown(); } } 3 源码解析 可参考这篇大佬的文章:https://blog.csdn.net/kai3123919064/article/details/90343380