activity 点击后传递数据给fragment_【磨叽教程】Android进阶之Fragment的综合使用案例...

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    为将这周阐述的所有内容融会贯通，以下提供了一个示例，其中的 Activity 使用两个Fragment来创建一个双窗格布局。下面的 Activity 包括两个Fragment：一个用于显示莎士比亚戏剧标题列表，另一个用于在从列表中选定戏剧时显示其摘要。此外，它还展示了如何根据屏幕配置提供不同的Fragment配置。

注意：有关此 Activity 的完整源代码，可留言邮箱，该应用展示了示例 FragmentLayout 类的用法。

主 Activity 在 onCreate() 期间以常规方式应用布局：

@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.fragment_layout);}

应用的布局为 fragment_layout.xml：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:orientation="horizontal"    android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent">    <fragment class="com.example.android.apis.app.FragmentLayout$TitlesFragment"            android:id="@+id/titles" android:layout_weight="1"            android:layout_width="0px" android:layout_height="match_parent" />    <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/details" android:layout_weight="1"            android:layout_width="0px" android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:background="?android:attr/detailsElementBackground" />LinearLayout>

    通过使用此布局，系统会在 Activity 加载布局时立即实例化 TitlesFragment(其列出了戏剧标题)，

    而 FrameLayout(用于显示戏剧摘要的Fragment所在位置)则会占用屏幕右侧的空间，但最初处于空白状态。如下文所示，只有当用户从列表中选择某个项目后，系统才会将Fragment放入 FrameLayout。

    不过，并非所有屏幕配置都具有足够的宽度，可以一同显示戏剧列表和摘要。因此，以上布局仅用于横向屏幕配置(布局保存在 res/layout-land/fragment_layout.xml 中)。

因此，当屏幕纵向显示时，系统会应用以下布局(保存在 res/layout/fragment_layout.xml 中)：

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent">    <fragment class="com.example.android.apis.app.FragmentLayout$TitlesFragment"            android:id="@+id/titles"            android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" />FrameLayout>

    此布局仅包括 TitlesFragment。这意味着，当设备纵向显示时，用户只能看到戏剧标题列表。因此，当用户在此配置中点击某个列表项时，应用会启动一个新 Activity 来显示摘要，而非加载另一个Fragment。

    接下来，您将了解如何在Fragment类中实现此目的。第一个Fragment是 TitlesFragment，用于显示莎士比亚戏剧标题列表。该Fragment扩展了 ListFragment，并依靠它来处理大多数列表视图工作。

    当用户点击列表项时可能会出现两种行为：系统可能会创建并显示一个新Fragment，从而在同一 Activity 中显示详细信息(将Fragment添加到 FrameLayout)，也可能会启动一个新 Activity(在该 Activity 中可显示Fragment)，具体取决于这两个布局中哪一个处于活动状态。

public static class TitlesFragment extends ListFragment {    boolean dualPane;    int curCheckPosition = 0;    @Override    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);        // Populate list with our static array of titles.        setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter(getActivity(),                android.R.layout.simple_list_item_activated_1, Shakespeare.TITLES));        // Check to see if we have a frame in which to embed the details        // fragment directly in the containing UI.        View detailsFrame = getActivity().findViewById(R.id.details);        dualPane = detailsFrame != null && detailsFrame.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE;        if (savedInstanceState != null) {            // Restore last state for checked position.            curCheckPosition = savedInstanceState.getInt("curChoice", 0);        }        if (dualPane) {            // In dual-pane mode, the list view highlights the selected item.            getListView().setChoiceMode(ListView.CHOICE_MODE_SINGLE);            // Make sure our UI is in the correct state.            showDetails(curCheckPosition);        }    }    @Override    public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);        outState.putInt("curChoice", curCheckPosition);    }    @Override    public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {        showDetails(position);    }    /**     * Helper function to show the details of a selected item, either by     * displaying a fragment in-place in the current UI, or starting a     * whole new activity in which it is displayed.     */    void showDetails(int index) {        curCheckPosition = index;        if (dualPane) {            // We can display everything in-place with fragments, so update            // the list to highlight the selected item and show the data.            getListView().setItemChecked(index, true);            // Check what fragment is currently shown, replace if needed.            DetailsFragment details = (DetailsFragment)                    getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.details);            if (details == null || details.getShownIndex() != index) {                // Make new fragment to show this selection.                details = DetailsFragment.newInstance(index);                // Execute a transaction, replacing any existing fragment                // with this one inside the frame.                FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();                if (index == 0) {                    ft.replace(R.id.details, details);                } else {                    ft.replace(R.id.a_item, details);                }                ft.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_FADE);                ft.commit();            }        } else {            // Otherwise we need to launch a new activity to display            // the dialog fragment with selected text.            Intent intent = new Intent();            intent.setClass(getActivity(), DetailsActivity.class);            intent.putExtra("index", index);            startActivity(intent);        }    }}

第二个Fragment DetailsFragment 显示从 TitlesFragment 的列表中选择的项目的戏剧摘要：

public static class DetailsFragment extends Fragment {    /**     * Create a new instance of DetailsFragment, initialized to     * show the text at 'index'.     */    public static DetailsFragment newInstance(int index) {        DetailsFragment f = new DetailsFragment();        // Supply index input as an argument.        Bundle args = new Bundle();        args.putInt("index", index);        f.setArguments(args);        return f;    }    public int getShownIndex() {        return getArguments().getInt("index", 0);    }    @Override    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,            Bundle savedInstanceState) {        if (container == null) {            // We have different layouts, and in one of them this            // fragment's containing frame doesn't exist. The fragment            // may still be created from its saved state, but there is            // no reason to try to create its view hierarchy because it            // isn't displayed. Note this isn't needed -- we could just            // run the code below, where we would create and return the            // view hierarchy; it would just never be used.            return null;        }        ScrollView scroller = new ScrollView(getActivity());        TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());        int padding = (int)TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP,                4, getActivity().getResources().getDisplayMetrics());        text.setPadding(padding, padding, padding, padding);        scroller.addView(text);        text.setText(Shakespeare.DIALOGUE[getShownIndex()]);        return scroller;    }}

    从 TitlesFragment 类中重新调用，如果用户点击某个列表项，且当前布局不包括 R.id.details 视图(即 DetailsFragment 所属视图)，则应用会启动 DetailsActivity Activity 以显示该项目的内容。

    以下是 DetailsActivity，它通过简单嵌入 DetailsFragment，在屏幕为纵向时显示所选的戏剧摘要：

public static class DetailsActivity extends FragmentActivity {    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        if (getResources().getConfiguration().orientation                == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {            // If the screen is now in landscape mode, we can show the            // dialog in-line with the list so we don't need this activity.            finish();            return;        }        if (savedInstanceState == null) {            // During initial setup, plug in the details fragment.            DetailsFragment details = new DetailsFragment();            details.setArguments(getIntent().getExtras());            getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(android.R.id.content, details).commit();        }    }}

请注意，如果配置为横向，则此 Activity 会自行完成，这样主 Activity 便可接受并显示 TitlesFragment 和 DetailsFragment。如果用户在纵向模式下启动 DetailsActivity，但随后将设备旋转为横向(这会重启当前 Activity)，则可能会出现这种情况。

    好了，到今天为止，我们就把Fragment快速的深入了解一个一下。欢迎更多同学关注“计算机自学平台”来跟我共同探讨。