python编写学生管理系统设计感想-Python学生信息管理系统

#菜单

def meun():

menu_info = """＋－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－＋

｜ １）添加学生信息 ｜

｜ ２）显示所有学生的信息 ｜

｜ ３）删除学生信息 ｜

｜ ４）修改学生信息 ｜

｜ ５）按学生成绩高－低显示学生信息 ｜

｜ ６）按学生成绩低－高显示学生信息 ｜

｜ ７）按学生年龄高－低显示学生信息 ｜

｜ ８）按学生年龄低－高显示学生信息 ｜

｜ ９）保存学生信息到文件（students.txt) ｜

｜ １０）从文件中读取数据（students.txt) ｜

｜ 退出：其他任意按键＜回车＞ ｜

＋－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－-－－－－－＋

"""

print(menu_info)

#｜１）添加学生信息

def add_student_info():

l=[]

while True:

name=input("请输入学生名字: ")

if not name:

print("~~~输入完毕~~~")

break

try:

age=int(input("学生年龄: "))

score=int(input("学生成绩: "))

except:

print("输入错误,请重新输入")

continue

lst={"name":name,"age":age,"score":score}

l.append(lst)

return l

# ｜２）显示所有学生的信息

def show_student_info(student_info,del_name=""):

if not student_info:

pritn("无学生信息,返回菜单")

return

# center()返回一个原字符串居中, 并使用空格填充至长度width的新字符串。默认填充字符为空格

print("姓名".center(8), "年龄".center(4), "成绩".center(4))

for i in student_info:

print(i.get("name").center(10),str(i.get("age")).center(4),str(i.get("score")).center(8))

# ｜３）删除学生信息

def del_student_info(student_info,del_name=""):

if not del_name:

del_name = input("请输入删除的学生姓名：")

for info in student_info:

if del_name == info.get("name"):

return info

raise IndexError("学生信息不匹配,没有找到%s" %del_name)

# ｜４）修改学生信息

def mod_student_info(student_info):

mod_name=input("请输入要修改的学生名称:")

for info in student_info:

if info.get("name")==mod_name:

mod_age=int(input("请输入学生年龄:"))

mod_score=int(input("请输入学生成绩:"))

info={"name":mod_name,"age":mod_age,"score":mod_score}

return info

raise IndexError("姓名不匹配:%s"%mod_name)

#用于年龄排序:

def get_age(*l):

for x in l:

return x.get("age")

#用于成绩排序:

def get_score(*l):

for x in l:

return x.get("score")

from operator import itemgetter

# ｜５）按学生成绩高－低显示学生信息

def score_reduce(student_info):

print("按学生成绩高－低显示")

#reverse -- 排序规则，reverse = True 降序 ， reverse = False 升序（默认)

mit=sorted(student_info,key=get_score,reverse=True)

show_student_info(mit)

# ｜６）按学生成绩低－高显示学生信息

def score_rise(student_info):

print("按学生成绩低－高显示")

mit=sorted(student_info, key=get_score())

# ｜７）按学生年龄高－低显示学生信息

def age_reduce(student_info):

print("按学生年龄高－低显示：")

mit = sorted(student_info ,key = get_age,reverse = True)

show_student_info(mit)

# ｜８）按学生年龄低－高显示学生信息

def age_rise(student_info):

print("按学生年龄低－高显示：")

mit = sorted(student_info ,key = get_age)

show_student_info(mit)

# ｜９）保存学生信息到文件（students.txt)

def save_info(student_info):

try:

# 以写模式打开，并清空文件内容

student_txt = open("student.txt","w")

except Exception as e:

# 文件不存在，创建文件并打开

student_txt = open("student.txt","x")

for info in student_info:

student_txt.write(str(info)+"

")

student_txt,close()

# ｜10）从文件中读取数据（students.txt)

def read_info():

old_info = []

try:

students_txt = open("students.txt")

except:

print("暂未保存数据信息") # 打开失败，文件不存在说明没有数据保存

return

while True:

info = students_txt.readline()

if not info:

break

# print(info)

info = info.rstrip() # 去掉换行符

# print(info)

info = info[1:-1] # 去掉｛｝

# print(info)

student_dict = {} # 单个学生字典信息

for x in info.split(","): # 以，为间隔拆分

# print(x)

key_value = [] # 开辟空间，key_value[0]存key,key_value[0]存value

for k in x.split(":"): # 以：为间隔拆分

k = k.strip() # 去掉首尾空字符

# print(k)

if k[0] == k[-1] and len(k) > 2: # 判断是字符串还是整数

key_value.append(k[1:-1]) # 去掉　首尾的＇

else:

key_value.append(int(k))

# print(key_value)

student_dict[key_value[0]] = key_value[1] # 学生信息添加

# print(student_dict)

old_info.append(student_dict) # 所有学生信息汇总

students_txt.close()

return old_info

def main():

student_info=[]

while True:

meun()

number=input("请输入您的选项: ")

if number == "1":

student_info+=add_student_info()

elif number == "2":

show_student_info(student_info)

elif number == "3":

try:

student_info.remove(del_student_info(student_info))

except Exception as e:

print(e)

elif number == "4":

try:

student=mod_student_info(student_info)

except Exception as e:

print(e)

else:

# 首先按照根据输入信息的名字，从列表中删除该生信息，然后重新添加该学生最新信息

student_info.remove(del_student_info(student_info, del_name=student.get("name")))

student_info.append(student)

elif number == "5":

score_reduce(student_info)

elif number == "6":

score_rise(student_info)

elif number == "7":

age_reduce(student_info)

elif number == "8":

age_rise(student_info)

elif number == "9":

save_info(student_info)

elif number == "10":

student_info = read_info()

else:

break

input("--回车返回菜单--")

main()