python的pandas库的应用设计_利用python进行数据分析之pandas库的应用（一）

data={'state':['ohio','ohio','ohio','nevada','nevada'],'year':[2000,2001,2002,2001,2002],'pop':[1.5,1.7,3.6,2.4,2.9]}

frame=DataFrame(data)

>>> frame

pop state year

0 1.5 ohio 2000

1 1.7 ohio 2001

2 3.6 ohio 2002

3 2.4 nevada 2001

4 2.9 nevada 2002

#可指定序列，DataFrame的列会按照指定的顺序进行排列：

>>> DataFrame(data,columns=['year','state','pop'])

year state pop

0 2000 ohio 1.5

1 2001 ohio 1.7

2 2002 ohio 3.6

3 2001 nevada 2.4

4 2002 nevada 2.9

#如果传入的数据找不到，就会NA值

>>> frame2=DataFrame(data,columns=['year','state','pop','debt'],index=['one','two','three','four','five'])

>>> frame2

year state pop debt

one 2000 ohio 1.5 NaN

two 2001 ohio 1.7 NaN

three 2002 ohio 3.6 NaN

four 2001 nevada 2.4 NaN

five 2002 nevada 2.9 NaN

#通过类似字典标记的方式或属性的方式，可，以将DataFrame的列获取为一个Series，返回的Series与原来有相同的索引，且name属性已指定

>>> frame2.year

one 2000

two 2001

three 2002

four 2001

five 2002

Name: year, dtype: int64

>>> frame2['state']

one ohio

two ohio

three ohio

four nevada

five nevada

Name: state, dtype: object

#行也可以通过位置或名称的方式进行获取比如索引字段ix

>>> frame2.ix['three']

year 2002

state ohio

pop 3.6

debt NaN

Name: three, dtype: object

#列可以通过赋值的方式进行修改

>>> frame2['debt']=16.5

>>> frame2

year state pop debt

one 2000 ohio 1.5 16.5

two 2001 ohio 1.7 16.5

three 2002 ohio 3.6 16.5

four 2001 nevada 2.4 16.5

five 2002 nevada 2.9 16.5

#为不存在的列赋值会创建出一个新列，关键词del用于删除列

>>> frame2['eastern']=frame2.state=='ohio'

>>> frame2

year state pop debt eastern

one 2000 ohio 1.5 16.5 True

two 2001 ohio 1.7 16.5 True

three 2002 ohio 3.6 16.5 True

four 2001 nevada 2.4 16.5 False

five 2002 nevada 2.9 16.5 False

>>> del frame2['eastern']

>>> frame2

year state pop debt

one 2000 ohio 1.5 16.5

two 2001 ohio 1.7 16.5

three 2002 ohio 3.6 16.5

four 2001 nevada 2.4 16.5

five 2002 nevada 2.9 16.5