python三维曲面拟合_如何将二次曲面拟合到Python中的某些点？

浮点精度似乎存在问题.我稍微使用了你的代码并改变了x和y的范围,使得最小二乘解决方案起作用.干

x, y = x - x[0], y - y[0]

解决了准确性问题.你可以试试：

import itertools

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

# from matplotlib import cbook

from matplotlib import cm

from matplotlib.colors import LightSource

def poly_matrix(x, y, order=2):

""" generate Matrix use with lstsq """

ncols = (order + 1)**2

G = np.zeros((x.size, ncols))

ij = itertools.product(range(order+1), range(order+1))

for k, (i, j) in enumerate(ij):

G[:, k] = x**i * y**j

return G

points = np.array([[175697888, -411724928, 0.429621160030365],

[175697888, -411725144, 0.6078286170959473],

[175698072, -411724640, 0.060898926109075546],

[175698008, -411725360, 0.6184252500534058],

[175698248, -411725720, 0.0771455243229866],

[175698448, -411724456, -0.5925689935684204],

[175698432, -411725936, -0.17584866285324097],

[175698608, -411726152, -0.24736160039901733],

[175698840, -411724360, -1.27967369556427],

[175698800, -411726440, -0.21100902557373047],

[175699016, -411726744, -0.12785470485687256],

[175699280, -411724208, -2.472576856613159],

[175699536, -411726688, -0.19858847558498383],

[175699760, -411724104, -3.5765910148620605],

[175699976, -411726504, -0.7432857155799866],

[175700224, -411723960, -4.770215034484863],

[175700368, -411726304, -1.2959377765655518],

[175700688, -411723760, -6.518451690673828],

[175700848, -411726080, -3.02254056930542],

[175701160, -411723744, -7.941056251525879],

[175701112, -411725896, -3.884831428527832],

[175701448, -411723824, -8.661275863647461],

[175701384, -411725720, -5.21607780456543],

[175701704, -411725496, -6.181706428527832],

[175701800, -411724096, -9.490276336669922],

[175702072, -411724344, -10.066594123840332],

[175702216, -411724560, -10.098011016845703],

[175702256, -411724864, -9.619892120361328],

[175702032, -411725160, -6.936516284942627]])

ordr = 2 # order of polynomial

x, y, z = points.T

x, y = x - x[0], y - y[0] # this improves accuracy

# make Matrix:

G = poly_matrix(x, y, ordr)

# Solve for np.dot(G, m) = z:

m = np.linalg.lstsq(G, z)[0]

# Evaluate it on a grid...

nx, ny = 30, 30

xx, yy = np.meshgrid(np.linspace(x.min(), x.max(), nx),

np.linspace(y.min(), y.max(), ny))

GG = poly_matrix(xx.ravel(), yy.ravel(), ordr)

zz = np.reshape(np.dot(GG, m), xx.shape)

# Plotting (see http://matplotlib.org/examples/mplot3d/custom_shaded_3d_surface.html):

fg, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw=dict(projection='3d'))

ls = LightSource(270, 45)

rgb = ls.shade(zz, cmap=cm.gist_earth, vert_exag=0.1, blend_mode='soft')

surf = ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, zz, rstride=1, cstride=1, facecolors=rgb,

linewidth=0, antialiased=False, shade=False)

ax.plot3D(x, y, z, "o")

fg.canvas.draw()

plt.show()

这使

要评估您的质量,请阅读np.linalg.lstsq()的文档.等级应该是结果向量的大小,残差除以数据点的数量给出平均误差(点和平面之间的距离).