mysql 索引 死锁,由不同的索引更新解决MySQL死锁套路

前几篇文章介绍了用源码的方式来调试锁相关的信息，这里同样用这个工具来解决一个线上实际的死锁案例，下面小编来简单介绍下

前几篇文章介绍了用源码的方式来调试锁相关的信息，这里同样用这个工具来解决一个线上实际的死锁案例，也是我们介绍的第一个两条 SQL 就造成死锁的情况。因为线上的表结构比较复杂，做了一些简化以后如下

CREATE TABLE `t3` (

`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`a` varchar(5),

`b` varchar(5),

PRIMARY KEY (`id`),

UNIQUE KEY `uk_a` (`a`),

KEY `idx_b` (`b`)

)

INSERT INTO `t3` (`id`, `a`, `b`) VALUES

(1,'1','2');

# sql语句如下

# 事务1：t1

update t3 set b = '' where a = "1";

# 事务2：t2

update t3 set b = '' where b = "2";

两条语句造成死锁的情况用手动的方式比较难复现，我们先来分析一下加锁的过程

第一条语句(通过唯一索引去更新记录)

update t3 set b = '' where a = "1";

整理一下，加了3个X锁，顺序分别是

序号

索引

锁类型

1

uk_a

X

2

PRIMARY

X

3

idx_b

X

第二条语句

update t3 set b = '' where b = "2";

整理一下，加了 3 个 X 锁，顺序分别是

序号

索引

锁类型

1

idx_b

X

2

PRIMARY

X

3

idx_b

X

两条语句从加锁顺序看起来就已经有构成死锁的条件了

手动是比较难模拟的，写个代码并发的去同时执行那两条 SQL 语句，马上就出现死锁了

------------------------

LATEST DETECTED DEADLOCK

------------------------

181102 12:45:05

*** (1) TRANSACTION:

TRANSACTION 50AF, ACTIVE 0 sec starting index read

mysql tables in use 1, locked 1

LOCK WAIT 3 lock struct(s), heap size 376, 2 row lock(s)

MySQL thread id 34, OS thread handle 0x70000d842000, query id 549 localhost 127.0.0.1 root Searching rows for update

update t3 set b = '' where b = "2"

*** (1) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:

RECORD LOCKS space id 67 page no 3 n bits 72 index `PRIMARY` of table `d1`.`t3` trx id 50AF lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting

Record lock, heap no 2 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 5; compact format; info bits 0

0: len 4; hex 80000001; asc ;;

1: len 6; hex 0000000050ae; asc P ;;

2: len 7; hex 03000001341003; asc 4 ;;

3: len 1; hex 31; asc 1;;

4: len 0; hex ; asc ;;

*** (2) TRANSACTION:

TRANSACTION 50AE, ACTIVE 0 sec updating or deleting

mysql tables in use 1, locked 1

4 lock struct(s), heap size 1248, 3 row lock(s), undo log entries 1

MySQL thread id 35, OS thread handle 0x70000d885000, query id 548 localhost 127.0.0.1 root Updating

update t3 set b = '' where a = "1"

*** (2) HOLDS THE LOCK(S):

RECORD LOCKS space id 67 page no 3 n bits 72 index `PRIMARY` of table `d1`.`t3` trx id 50AE lock_mode X locks rec but not gap

Record lock, heap no 2 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 5; compact format; info bits 0

0: len 4; hex 80000001; asc ;;

1: len 6; hex 0000000050ae; asc P ;;

2: len 7; hex 03000001341003; asc 4 ;;

3: len 1; hex 31; asc 1;;

4: len 0; hex ; asc ;;

*** (2) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:

RECORD LOCKS space id 67 page no 5 n bits 72 index `idx_b` of table `d1`.`t3` trx id 50AE lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting

Record lock, heap no 2 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 2; compact format; info bits 0

0: len 1; hex 32; asc 2;;

1: len 4; hex 80000001; asc ;;

*** WE ROLL BACK TRANSACTION (1)

分析一下死锁日志

*** (1) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:

RECORD LOCKS space id 67 page no 3 n bits 72 index PRIMARY of table d1.t3 trx id 50AF lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting

事务2：想获取主键索引的 X 锁

*** (2) HOLDS THE LOCK(S):

RECORD LOCKS space id 67 page no 3 n bits 72 index PRIMARY of table d1.t3 trx id 50AE lock_mode X locks rec but not gap

事务1：持有主键索引的 X 锁

*** (2) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:

RECORD LOCKS space id 67 page no 5 n bits 72 index idx_b of table d1.t3 trx id 50AE lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting

事务1：想获取普通索引 idx_b 的 X 锁

与我们分析的完全一致，也与线上的死锁日志一模一样

相关文章