uwsgi django mysql_详解Django+uwsgi+Nginx上线最佳实战

最新推荐文章于 2022-01-12 18:45:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-01-12 18:45:03 发布

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文章标签： uwsgi django mysql

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39601929/article/details/113570958

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什么是uwsgi？

uWSGI是一个Web服务器，它实现了WSGI协议、uwsgi、http等协议。Nginx中HttpUwsgiModule的作用是与uWSGI服务器进行交换。WSGI是一种Web服务器网关接口。它是一个Web服务器(如nginx，uWSGI等服务器)与web应用(如用Flask框架写的程序)通信的一种规范。

WSGI是一种通信协议。

uwsgi是一种线路协议而不是通信协议，在此常用于在uWSGI服务器与其他网络服务器的数据通信。uwsgi协议是一个uWSGI服务器自有的协议，它用于定义传输信息的类型(type of information)，每一个uwsgi packet前4byte为传输信息类型描述，它与WSGI相比是两样东西。

uWSGI是实现了uwsgi和WSGI两种协议的Web服务器。

在开始之前

最小化安装CentOS 6

备份网卡文件

~$ mkdir /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/backup

~$ cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/backup/ifcfg-eth0.backup

配置阿里云镜像源

~$ mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/old

~$ mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-* /etc/yum.repos.d/old/

~$ cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

~$ curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

~$ yum clean all && yum repolist all && yum update -y

~$ reboot

Python3.6.0

上传Python-3.6.0.tar.xz

~$ rz

安装依赖

yum install zlib* gcc openssl openssl-devel libffi-devel -y

yum install pcre pcre-devel pcre-static -y

解压Python-3.6.0.tar.xz

~$ tar -xvf Python-3.6.0.tar.xz

~$ cd Python-3.6.0

修改部分源代码

~$ vim Modules/Setup.dist

# 将该文件的204到209行部分代码取消注释，完成后如下所示：

# Socket module helper for socket(2)

_socket socketmodule.c

# Socket module helper for SSL support; you must comment out the other

# socket line above, and possibly edit the SSL variable:

SSL=/usr/local/ssl

_ssl _ssl.c \

-DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \

-L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto

# The crypt module is now disabled by default because it breaks builds

编译安装

~$ ./configure

~$ make -j

~$ make install

~$ cd

~$ rm -rf Python-3.6.0

防火墙

# 恢复默认配置

iptables -F

# 放通3306/8000/80端口

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8000 -j ACCEPT

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

# 保存规则

/etc/init.d/iptables save

SELinux

关闭SELinux

~$ vim /etc/selinux/config

# 修改配置为如下所示：

SELINUX=permissive

~$ reboot

数据库

二进制方式安装

# 查找相关旧文件并删除

find / -name mysql

find / -name mariadb

# 移除全部相关包

rpm -qa | grep mysql

rpm -qa | grep mariadb

# 添加用户

useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M

# 解压移动文件

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /applications/

ln -s /applications/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /applications/mysql

# 创建配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

# 创建相关目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/data

mkdir -p /data/mysql/log

# 手动创建日志文件

touch /data/mysql/log/mysqld.log

# 修改权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /applications/mysql

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql

MySQL配置文件

[client]

port=3306

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

port=3306

datadir=/data/mysql/data

basedir=/applications/mysql

pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid

socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

user=mysql

character-set-server=utf8mb4

default-storage-engine=INNODB

collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'

max_connections = 1000

max_connect_errors = 1200

max_allowed_packet = 128M

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

query_cache_size = 0

query_cache_type = 0

log_error = /data/mysql/log/error.log

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/log/slow.log

log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1

log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 5

long_query_time = 8

log_slow_slave_statements = 1

min_examined_row_limit = 100

expire_logs_days = 5

tmpdir = /tmp

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid

# 同步数据

/applications/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/applications/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/data/ --user=mysql

配置并启动

cp /applications/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

# 修改以下两行

basedir=/applications/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql/data

# 查看是否启动

netstat -tunlap | grep mysql

# 添加服务并设置为开机自启动

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig mysqld on

初始化数据库

/applications/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

-- 设置用户密码

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

-- 允许root远程访问

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Django

配置pip3源

mkdir /root/.pip

touch /root/.pip/pip.conf

echo '[global]' >> /root/.pip/pip.conf

echo 'trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com' >> /root/.pip/pip.conf

echo 'index-url=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/' >> /root/.pip/pip.conf

创建虚拟环境安装依赖

# PublisherPro，一个支持MD轻量级的CMS程式.

git clone https://gitee.com/bluemiaomiao/PublisherPro.git

pip3 install virtualenv

cd PROJECT_DIR

virtualenv venv

source venv/bin/activate

pip3 install -r requestments.txt

pip3 install uwsgi

mkdir log

mkdir script

touch PublisherPro/script/uwsgi.pid

touch PublisherPro/script/uwsgi.status

vim uwsgi.ini

修改项目配置

# PROJECT_DIR/PROJECT_NAME/settings.py

# 设置为生产环境

DEBUG = False

# 配置数据库

DATABASES = {

'default': {

'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',

'NAME': 'publisher_pro',

'USER': 'pubpro',

'PASSWORD': 'bluemiaomiao',

'HOST': '192.168.1.203',

'PORT': '3306',

'OPTIONS': {'init_command': 'SET default_storage_engine=INNODB;'},

}

# 配置静态文件相关

# STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')]

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')

创建数据库和用户

CREATE DATABASE `publisher_pro` CHARACTER SET 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_general_ci';

CREATE USER `pubpro`@`localhost` IDENTIFIED BY 'bluemiaomiao' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

CREATE USER `pubpro`@`%` IDENTIFIED BY 'bluemiaomiao' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

GRANT All ON `publisher\_pro`.* TO `pubpro`@`%`;

同步数据库

./venv/bin/python3 manage.py makemigrations

./venv/bin/python3 manage.py migrate

./venv/bin/python3 manage.py createsuperuser

./venv/bin/python3 manage.py collectstatic

uwsgi

配置文件内容

# uwsig使用配置文件启动

[uwsgi]

# 项目目录

chdir=/applications/website/PublisherPro

# 指定项目的application

module=PublisherPro.wsgi:application

# 指定sock的文件路径

socket=/applications/website/PublisherPro/script/uwsgi.sock

# 进程个数

workers=5

pidfile=/applications/website/PublisherPro/script/uwsgi.pid

# 状态文件

stats=/applications/website/PublisherPro/script/uwsgi.status

# 指定IP端口

http=0.0.0.0:8000

# 指定静态文件

static-map=/static=/applications/website/PublisherPro/static

# 启动uwsgi的用户名和用户组

uid=pubpro

gid=pubpro

# 启用主进程

master=true

# 自动移除unix Socket和pid文件当服务停止的时候

vacuum=true

# 序列化接受的内容，如果可能的话

thunder-lock=true

# 启用线程

enable-threads=true

# 设置自中断时间

harakiri=30

# 设置缓冲

post-buffering=4096

# 设置日志目录

daemonize=/applications/website/PublisherPro/log/uwsgi.log

创建用户和组并修改权限

# 创建用户

useradd pubpro -s /sbin/nologin -M

# 检查结果

id pubpro

# 修改权限

chown -R pubpro.pubpro /applications/website/PublisherPro/

# 检查结果

ll -d /applications/website/PublisherPro/

测试Django应用

# 启动应用

uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini

# 重载应用

uwsgi --reload script/uwsgi.pid

# 状态信息

uwsgi --connect-and-read script/uwsgi.status

# 停止应用

uwsgi --stop script/uwsgi.pid

Nginx

server {

listen 80;

server_name 192.168.2.108;

access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

charset utf-8;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/javascript application/x-httpd-php application/json text/json image/jpeg image/gif image/png application/octet-stream;

error_page 404 /404.html;

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

# 指定项目路径uwsgi

location / {

# 导入一个Nginx模块他是用来和uWSGI进行通讯的

include uwsgi_params;

# 设置连接uWSGI超时时间

uwsgi_connect_timeout 30;

# 指定uwsgi的sock文件所有动态请求就会直接丢给他

uwsgi_pass unix:/data/PublisherPro/script/uwsgi.sock;

}

# 指定静态文件路径