linux忘记root密码grab,安装完Linux后相关配置

1.sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

2.设置root的密码

sudo passwd root

3.修改更新源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup

源setting change to 163

4.安装语言包

sudo apt-get install language-pack-zh-hans language-pack-zh-hant

5.修改系统时间

apt-get install -y ntpdate

ntpdate -u pool.ntp.org

date

6.IBus

IBus拼音：sudo apt-get install ibus-pinyin

IBUS五笔：sudo apt-get install ibus-table-wubi

谷歌拼音输入法：sudo apt-get install ibus-googlepinyin

Sun拼音输入法：sudo apt-get install ibus-sunpinyin

7.gedit中文乱码:

sudo gsettings set org.gnome.gedit.preferences.encodings auto-detected "['GB18030', 'GB2312', 'GBK', 'UTF-8', 'BIG5', 'CURRENT', 'UTF-16']"

sudo gsettings set org.gnome.gedit.preferences.encodings shown-in-menu "['GB18030', 'GB2312', 'GBK', 'UTF-8', 'BIG5', 'CURRENT', 'UTF-16']"

8.升级系统组件

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get autoremove -y

sudo apt-get -fy install

sudo apt-get install -y build-essential gcc g++ make

sudo apt-get install curl subdownloader banshee radiotray stardict dconf-tools uget deluge conky ssh nautilus-open-terminal cairo-dock rar unrar p7zip p7zip-rar p7zip-full

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:docky-core/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install docky

9.安装Ubuntu tweak

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tualatrix/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-tweak

安装新立得:

sudo apt-get install synaptic

10.

先卸载系统自带的ibus输入法,终端输入sudo apt-get remove --purge ibus或者sudo dpkg -P ibus

安装Fcitx输入法：

sudo apt-get install fcitx #安装小企鹅输入法

sudo apt-get install fcitx-sunpinyin #Sun拼音输入法

sudo apt-get install fcitx-table-wbpy #五笔拼音

将 fcitx 设置成默认的输入法: 终端输入:im-switch -s fcitx -z default

终端输入 fcitx -r

killall fcitx

添加开机启动 fcitx:终端输入 gnome-session-properties --> 填写的命令为 fcitx -d -r

define skin:

sudo tar -zxvf fcitx_skin.tar.gz

sudo cp -r ~/fcitx_skin/* /usr/share/fcitx/skin/

sudo chmod -R 755 /usr/share/fcitx/skin/

[

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fcitx-team/nightly

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install fcitx fcitx-config-gtk fcitx-sunpinyin fcitx-googlepinyin fcitx-module-cloudpinyin fcitx-sogoupinyin

sudo apt-get install fcitx-table-all

im-switch -s fcitx -z default

]

11.天气指示器：sudo apt-get install indicator-weather

系统负载指示器：sudo apt-get install indicator-multiload

安装Indicator-Sysmonitor:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:alexeftimie/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install indicator-sysmonitor

显示网速:

sudo apt-get install dstat

12.install flashplayer

tar -zxvf install_flash_player_11_linux.x86_64.tar.gz

sudo cp ./libflashplayer.so /home/eric/.mozilla/plugins/

sudo cp -r ./usr/* /usr/

13.vim的安装和配置

sudo apt-get install vim

配置vim支持C/C++的自动补全:

sudo apt-get install ctags

下载插件clang:http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=3302

下载cpp_src，支持STL补全：http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=2358

解压后复制到/usr/include/c++中，然后使用ctags生成tags文件：

sudo ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q --language-force=C++ . (后面有个. ，表示当前目录)

然后退到include文件夹中

sudo ctags -R .

然后在 .vimrc文件中加入

set tags+=/usr/include/tags

set tags+=/usr/include/c++/tags

(2)安装：vim clang_complete.vmb -c 'so %' -c 'q'(使用vim打开clang_complete.vmb)

最后会在 .vim文件夹中发现clang_complete相关的文件,这个插件要比omnicomplete插件好多了

这两个插件不能同时存在，要使用omnicomplete插件的话,安装教程：http://www.cnblogs.com/xkfz007/articles/2501888.html

在vim的配置文件中 .vimrc中

let g:clang_complete_auto=1

let g:clang_complete_copen=1

let g:clang_periodic_quickfix=0

let g:clang_snippets=1

let g:clang_close_preview=1

let g:clang_user_options='-IIncludePath'

let g:clang_complete_macros=1

let g:clang_hl_errors=1

let g:clang_complete_patterns=1

(3)安装SuperTab，支持Tab健补全

下载：http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1643

安装：

1. Download supertab.vmb to any directory.

2. Open the file in vim ($ vim supertab.vmb).

3. Source the file (:so %).

{

set iskeyword+=_,$,@,%,#,-

set t_Co=256

set number

"set guifont=WenQuanYi Micro Hei Mono\ 10.0

"set guifontset=Microsoft\ YaHei\ 11

set wildmenu

set backupcopy=yes

set nobackup

set autochdir

set magic

set autowrite

"set cursorline

"colorscheme desert

"colorscheme neon

set showmatch

" 使回格键(backspace)正常处理indent, eol, start等

set backspace=indent,eol,start

" 允许backspace和光标键跨越行边界

autocmd FileType c,cpp map :w:makelanguage messages zh_CN.utf-8

let &termencoding=&encoding

set fileencodings=utf-8,gbk

set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,gb18030,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,latin1

set whichwrap+=,h,l

" 可以在buffer的任何地方使用鼠标(类似office中在工作区双击鼠标定位)

set viminfo+=!

set mouse=a

set nowrap

set selection=exclusive

set selectmode=mouse,key

"不要使用vi的键盘模式，而是vim自己的

set nocompatible

" 设置当文件被改动时自动载入

set autoread

" 去掉输入错误的提示声音

set noeb

" 在处理未保存或只读文件的时候，弹出确认

set confirm

"//

"在编辑过程中，在右下角显示光标位置的状态行

set ruler

""默认情况下，寻找匹配是高亮度显示的，该设置关闭高亮显示

set nohls

"设置匹配模式，类似当输入一个左括号时会匹配相应的那个右括号

set showmatch

"//

" 在行和段开始处使用制表符

set smartcase

set smartindent

set smarttab

set wildmode=list:full

set noscrollbind

set ignorecase

set hlsearch

filetype plugin on

filetype indent on

set autoread

filetype plugin indent on

let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = '/usr/local/bin/ctags'

nnoremap :tabnextnnoremap :tabprevnnoremap :NERDTree "保存

"

map :call Save()func! Save()

if (&filetype=="c" || &filetype == "cpp" || &filetype=="h")

exec "w"

exec "!ctags -f ~/.tags -R *.c *.cpp *.h"

else

exec "w"

endif

endfunc

"inoremap set updatetime=100

let g:SuperTabRetainCompletionType=0

"let g:SuperTabDefaultCompletionType="context"

let g:SuperTabDefaultCompletionType=""

au CursorMovedI,InsertLeave * if pumvisible() == 0|silent! pclose|endif

set completeopt=menuone,menu,longest ",preview

let g:AutoComplPop_NotEnableAtStartup = 1

let g:AutoComplPop_IgnoreCaseOption=1

set ignorecase

highlight Pmenu ctermbg=white ctermfg=black

highlight PmenuSel ctermbg=blue ctermfg=black

let g:clang_complete_auto=1

let g:clang_complete_copen=1

let g:clang_periodic_quickfix=0

let g:clang_snippets=0

let g:clang_close_preview=1

"let g:clang_use_library=1

let g:clang_user_options='-IIncludePath'

let g:clang_complete_macros=1

let g:clang_hl_errors=1

let g:clang_complete_patterns=1

set nocp

set nocompatible

filetype plugin on

" completion.

inoremap pumvisible() ? "\" : "\"

map en :NeoComplCacheEnable" snippets expand key

"imap (neocomplcache_snippets_expand)

"smap (neocomplcache_snippets_expand)

set tags+=/usr/include/tags

set tags+=/usr/include/c++/tags

"map :!ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q ." F5编译C/C++程序

map :call CompileRunGcc()func! CompileRunGcc()

exec "w"

" exec "!rm -f %<.o>

if &filetype == "c"

exec "!gcc -Wall -lm % -o %<.o .>

elseif &filetype == "cpp"

exec "!g++ -Wall -lm % -o %<.o .>

endif

"exec "!echo % 文件编译完成"

endfunc

"F6执行

map :call RunApp()func! RunApp()

exec "! ./%<.o>

endfunc

"F7调试

map :call AppDebug()func! AppDebug()

exec "w"

exec "!rm -f %<.o>

if &filetype == "c"

exec "!gcc -g % -o %<.o .>

elseif &filetype == "cpp"

exec "!g++ -g % -o %<.o .>

endif

exec "!gdb %<.o>

endfunc

" 在输入模式下移动光标，彻底抛弃方向键

inoremap

inoremap gj

inoremap gk

inoremap

inoremap b

inoremap w

inoremap

inoremap

autocmd FileType c map :w:make

map :w :make :copen

map :call OpenWin()

let g:isopen = 1

func! OpenWin()

if g:isopen == 0

let g:isopen = 1

exec "cw"

elseif g:isopen == 1

let g:isopen = 0

exec "cclose"

endif

endfunc

hi Number ctermfg=darkcyan

hi Comment ctermfg=blue

}

14.终端命令行的颜色

在.bashrc文件添加

PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}[\033[00;32m]\u@\h[\033[00m]:[\033[00;34m]\w[\033[00m]\$'

15.常用软件

VLC

Deepin UI 和深度影音

wine

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install wine1.5

爱壁纸 HD

16.jupiter:很好的电源管理软件安装代码:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/jupiter

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install jupiter

17.禁止 Ubuntu 的错误报告

sudo gedit /etc/default/apport --> enable=1 改为 enable=0

18.录制屏幕ffmpeg:

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

ffmpeg -f alsa -i pulse -f x11grab -r 30 -s 1366*768 -i :0.0 -threads 4 -y -sameq my-desktop-rec.mkv

19.grub 加上密码

sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/00_head,在末尾添加:

cat << EOF

set superusers="eric"

password eric 123456

EOF

sudo update-grub

20.sudo gedit /etc/default/grub --> GRUB_TIMEOUT=10改为GRUB_TIMEOUT=0

# Include the configuration of desktop-base if available.

if [ -f "/usr/share/desktop-base/grub_background.sh" ]; then

. "/usr/share/desktop-base/grub_background.sh"

else

WALLPAPER="/usr/share/images/grub/Lake_mapourika_NZ.tga"

COLOR_NORMAL="white/black"

COLOR_HIGHLIGHT="black/light-gray"

fi

sudo update-grub

22.美化Ubuntu faenza-icon-theme

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:tiheum/equinox

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install faenza-icon-theme

23.安装传统的 Gnome 桌面

sudo apt-get install gnome-session-fallback

sudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces

pre-up iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules

24.iptables

sudo iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules

25.Bumblebee

lspci |grep -i vga