I am taking a course on linear algebra and I want to visualize the vectors in action, such as vector addition, normal vector, so on.
For instance:
V = np.array([[1,1],[-2,2],[4,-7]])
In this case I want to plot 3 vectors V1 = (1,1), M2 = (-2,2), M3 = (4,-7).
Then I should be able to add V1,V2 to plot a new vector V12(all together in one figure).
when I use the following code, the plot is not as intended
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
M = np.array([[1,1],[-2,2],[4,-7]])
print("vector:1")
print(M[0,:])
# print("vector:2")
# print(M[1,:])
rows,cols = M.T.shape
print(cols)
for i,l in enumerate(range(0,cols)):
print("Iteration: {}-{}".format(i,l))
print("vector:{}".format(i))
print(M[i,:])
v1 = [0,0],[M[i,0],M[i,1]]
# v1 = [M[i,0]],[M[i,1]]
print(v1)
plt.figure(i)
plt.plot(v1)
plt.show()
解决方案
Thanks to everyone, each of your posts helped me a lot.
rbierman code was pretty straight for my question, I have modified a bit and created a function to plot vectors from given arrays. I'd love to see any suggestions to improve it further.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def plotv(M):
rows,cols = M.T.shape
print(rows,cols)
#Get absolute maxes for axis ranges to center origin
#This is optional
maxes = 1.1*np.amax(abs(M), axis = 0)
colors = ['b','r','k']
fig = plt.figure()
fig.suptitle('Vectors', fontsize=10, fontweight='bold')
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
fig.subplots_adjust(top=0.85)
ax.set_title('Vector operations')
ax.set_xlabel('x')
ax.set_ylabel('y')
for i,l in enumerate(range(0,cols)):
# print(i)
plt.axes().arrow(0,0,M[i,0],M[i,1],head_width=0.2,head_length=0.1,zorder=3)
ax.text(M[i,0],M[i,1], str(M[i]), style='italic',
bbox={'facecolor':'red', 'alpha':0.5, 'pad':0.5})
plt.plot(0,0,'ok') #
# plt.axis('equal') #
plt.xlim([-maxes[0],maxes[0]]) #
plt.ylim([-maxes[1],maxes[1]]) #
plt.grid(b=True, which='major') #
plt.show()
r = np.random.randint(4,size=[2,2])
print(r[0,:])
print(r[1,:])
r12 = np.add(r[0,:],r[1,:])
print(r12)
plotv(np.vstack((r,r12)))