實現java發送郵件的過程大體有以下幾步:
准備一個properties文件,該文件中存放SMTP服務器地址等參數。
利用properties創建一個Session對象
利用Session創建Message對象,然后設置郵件主題和正文
利用Transport對象發送郵件
需要的jar有2個:activation.jar和mail.jar
直接看個demo代碼
MailServer.properties
#----------------\u8FD9\u4E24\u4E2A\u662F\u6784\u5EFAsession\u5FC5\u987B\u7684\u5B57\u6BB5----------
#smtp\u670D\u52A1\u5668
mail.smtp.host=smtp.163.com
#\u8EAB\u4EFD\u9A8C\u8BC1
mail.smtp.auth=true
#--------------------------------------------------------------
#\u53D1\u9001\u8005\u7684\u90AE\u7BB1\u7528\u6237\u540D
mail.sender.username=xxxxx@163.com
#\u53D1\u9001\u8005\u7684\u90AE\u7BB1\u5BC6\u7801
mail.sender.password=184251314
MailServer.properties
java代碼
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
public class JavaMail {
/**
* Message對象將存儲我們實際發送的電子郵件信息,
* Message對象被作為一個MimeMessage對象來創建並且需要知道應當選擇哪一個JavaMail session。
*/
private MimeMessage message;
/**
* Session類代表JavaMail中的一個郵件會話。
* 每一個基於JavaMail的應用程序至少有一個Session(可以有任意多的Session)。
*
* JavaMail需要Properties來創建一個session對象。
* 尋找"mail.smtp.host" 屬性值就是發送郵件的主機
* 尋找"mail.smtp.auth" 身份驗證,目前免費郵件服務器都需要這一項
*/
private Session session;
/***
* 郵件是既可以被發送也可以被受到。JavaMail使用了兩個不同的類來完成這兩個功能:Transport 和 Store。
* Transport 是用來發送信息的,而Store用來收信。對於這的教程我們只需要用到Transport對象。
*/
private Transport transport;
private String mailHost="";
private String sender_username="";
private String sender_password="";
private Properties properties = new Properties();
/*
* 初始化方法
*/
public JavaMail(boolean debug) {
InputStream in = JavaMail.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties");
try {
properties.load(in);
this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host");
this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username");
this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
session = Session.getInstance(properties);
session.setDebug(debug);//開啟后有調試信息
message = new MimeMessage(session);
}
/**
* 發送郵件
*
* @param subject
* 郵件主題
* @param sendHtml
* 郵件內容
* @param receiveUser
* 收件人地址
*/
public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml,
String receiveUser) {
try {
// 發件人
//InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username);
// 下面這個是設置發送人的Nick name
InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(MimeUtility.encodeWord("幻影")+" ");
message.setFrom(from);
// 收件人
InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser);
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);//還可以有CC、BCC
// 郵件主題
message.setSubject(subject);
String content = sendHtml.toString();
// 郵件內容,也可以使純文本"text/plain"
message.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 保存郵件
message.saveChanges();
transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
// smtp驗證,就是你用來發郵件的郵箱用戶名密碼
transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password);
// 發送
transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
//System.out.println("send success!");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
if(transport!=null){
try {
transport.close();
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JavaMail se = new JavaMail(false);
se.doSendHtmlEmail("郵件主題", "郵件內容", "1063572499@qq.com");
}
}
下面是出現帶附件的代碼
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
public class JavaMailWithAttachment {
private MimeMessage message;
private Session session;
private Transport transport;
private String mailHost = "";
private String sender_username = "";
private String sender_password = "";
private Properties properties = new Properties();
/*
* 初始化方法
*/
public JavaMailWithAttachment(boolean debug) {
InputStream in = JavaMailWithAttachment.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties");
try {
properties.load(in);
this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host");
this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username");
this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
session = Session.getInstance(properties);
session.setDebug(debug);// 開啟后有調試信息
message = new MimeMessage(session);
}
/**
* 發送郵件
*
* @param subject
* 郵件主題
* @param sendHtml
* 郵件內容
* @param receiveUser
* 收件人地址
* @param attachment
* 附件
*/
public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml, String receiveUser, File attachment) {
try {
// 發件人
InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username);
message.setFrom(from);
// 收件人
InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser);
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
// 郵件主題
message.setSubject(subject);
// 向multipart對象中添加郵件的各個部分內容,包括文本內容和附件
Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
// 添加郵件正文
BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
contentPart.setContent(sendHtml, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
// 添加附件的內容
if (attachment != null) {
BodyPart attachmentBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(attachment);
attachmentBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
// 網上流傳的解決文件名亂碼的方法,其實用MimeUtility.encodeWord就可以很方便的搞定
// 這里很重要,通過下面的Base64編碼的轉換可以保證你的中文附件標題名在發送時不會變成亂碼
//sun.misc.BASE64Encoder enc = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();
//messageBodyPart.setFileName("=?GBK?B?" + enc.encode(attachment.getName().getBytes()) + "?=");
//MimeUtility.encodeWord可以避免文件名亂碼
attachmentBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(attachment.getName()));
multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentBodyPart);
}
// 將multipart對象放到message中
message.setContent(multipart);
// 保存郵件
message.saveChanges();
transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
// smtp驗證,就是你用來發郵件的郵箱用戶名密碼
transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password);
// 發送
transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
System.out.println("send success!");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (transport != null) {
try {
transport.close();
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JavaMailWithAttachment se = new JavaMailWithAttachment(true);
File affix = new File("d:/1.png");
se.doSendHtmlEmail("郵件主題", "郵件內容", "1063572499@qq.com", affix);//
}
}