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一、一对一关联
1.1、提出需求
根据班级id查询班级信息(带老师的信息)
1.2、创建表和数据
创建一张教师表和班级表,这里我们假设一个老师只负责教一个班,那么老师和班级之间的关系就是一种一对一的关系。
CREATE TABLE teacher(
t_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
t_name VARCHAR(20)
);
CREATE TABLE class(
c_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
c_name VARCHAR(20),
teacher_id INT
);
ALTER TABLE class ADD CONSTRAINT fk_teacher_id FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id) REFERENCES teacher(t_id);
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('teacher1');
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('teacher2');
INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('class_a', 1);
INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('class_b', 2);
表之间的关系如下:
1.3、定义实体类
1、Teacher类,Teacher类是teacher表对应的实体类。
package me.gacl.domain;
/**
* @author gacl
* 定义teacher表对应的实体类
*/
public class Teacher {
//定义实体类的属性,与teacher表中的字段对应
private int id; //id===>t_id
private String name; //name===>t_name
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Teacher [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
}
}
2、Classes类,Classes类是class表对应的实体类
package me.gacl.domain;
/**
* @author gacl
* 定义class表对应的实体类
*/
public class Classes {
//定义实体类的属性,与class表中的字段对应
private int id; //id===>c_id
private String name; //name===>c_name
/**
* class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性,
* 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的
*/
private Teacher teacher;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", teacher=" + teacher+ "]";
}
}
1.4、定义sql映射文件classMapper.xml
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="me.gacl.mapping.classMapper">
<select id="getClass" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap">
select * from class c, teacher t where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.c_id=#{id}
select>
<resultMap type="me.gacl.domain.Classes" id="ClassResultMap">
<id property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" javaType="me.gacl.domain.Teacher">
<id property="id" column="t_id"/>
<result property="name" column="t_name"/>
association>
resultMap>
<select id="getClass2" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap2">
select * from class where c_id=#{id}
select>
<resultMap type="me.gacl.domain.Classes" id="ClassResultMap2">
<id property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" select="getTeacher"/>
resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" parameterType="int" resultType="me.gacl.domain.Teacher">
SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}
select>
mapper>
在conf.xml文件中注册classMapper.xml
<mappers>
<mapper resource="me/gacl/mapping/classMapper.xml"/>
mappers>
1.5、编写单元测试代码
package me.gacl.test;
import me.gacl.domain.Classes;
import me.gacl.util.MyBatisUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
public class Test3 {
@Test
public void testGetClass(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
/**
* 映射sql的标识字符串,
* me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值,
* getClass是select标签的id属性值,通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL
*/
String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass";//映射sql的标识字符串
//执行查询操作,将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回
Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1);//查询class表中id为1的记录
//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
System.out.println(clazz);//打印结果:Classes [id=1, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=1, name=teacher1]]
}
@Test
public void testGetClass2(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
/**
* 映射sql的标识字符串,
* me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值,
* getClass2是select标签的id属性值,通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL
*/
String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass2";//映射sql的标识字符串
//执行查询操作,将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回
Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1);//查询class表中id为1的记录
//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
System.out.println(clazz);//打印结果:Classes [id=1, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=1, name=teacher1]]
}
}
1.6、MyBatis一对一关联查询总结
MyBatis中使用association标签来解决一对一的关联查询,association标签可用的属性如下:
property:对象属性的名称
javaType:对象属性的类型
column:所对应的外键字段名称
select:使用另一个查询封装的结果
二、一对多关联
2.1、提出需求
根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师
2.2、创建表和数据
在上面的一对一关联查询演示中,我们已经创建了班级表和教师表,因此这里再创建一张学生表
CREATE TABLE student(
s_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
s_name VARCHAR(20),
class_id INT
);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_A', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_B', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_C', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_D', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_E', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('student_F', 2);
2.3、定义实体类
1、Student类
package me.gacl.domain;
/**
* @author gacl
* 定义student表所对应的实体类
*/
public class Student {
//定义属性,和student表中的字段对应
private int id; //id===>s_id
private String name; //name===>s_name
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
}
}
2、修改Classes类,添加一个Liststudents属性,使用一个List集合属性表示班级拥有的学生,如下:
package me.gacl.domain;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author gacl
* 定义class表对应的实体类
*/
public class Classes {
//定义实体类的属性,与class表中的字段对应
private int id; //id===>c_id
private String name; //name===>c_name
/**
* class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性,
* 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的
*/
private Teacher teacher;
//使用一个List集合属性表示班级拥有的学生
private List<Student> students;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
public List<Student> getStudents() {
return students;
}
public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
this.students = students;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", teacher=" + teacher
+ ", students=" + students + "]";
}
}
2.4、修改sql映射文件classMapper.xml
添加如下的SQL映射信息
<select id="getClass3" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap3">
select * from class c, teacher t,student s where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.C_id=s.class_id and c.c_id=#{id}
select>
<resultMap type="me.gacl.domain.Classes" id="ClassResultMap3">
<id property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="me.gacl.domain.Teacher">
<id property="id" column="t_id"/>
<result property="name" column="t_name"/>
association>
<collection property="students" ofType="me.gacl.domain.Student">
<id property="id" column="s_id"/>
<result property="name" column="s_name"/>
collection>
resultMap>
<select id="getClass4" parameterType="int" resultMap="ClassResultMap4">
select * from class where c_id=#{id}
select>
<resultMap type="me.gacl.domain.Classes" id="ClassResultMap4">
<id property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="me.gacl.domain.Teacher" select="getTeacher2">association>
<collection property="students" ofType="me.gacl.domain.Student" column="c_id" select="getStudent">collection>
resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher2" parameterType="int" resultType="me.gacl.domain.Teacher">
SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}
select>
<select id="getStudent" parameterType="int" resultType="me.gacl.domain.Student">
SELECT s_id id, s_name name FROM student WHERE class_id=#{id}
select>
2.5、编写单元测试代码
package me.gacl.test;
import me.gacl.domain.Classes;
import me.gacl.util.MyBatisUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
public class Test4 {
@Test
public void testGetClass3(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
/**
* 映射sql的标识字符串,
* me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值,
* getClass3是select标签的id属性值,通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL
*/
String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass3";//映射sql的标识字符串
//执行查询操作,将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回
Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1);//查询class表中id为1的记录
//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
//打印结果:Classes [id=1, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=1, name=teacher1], students=[Student [id=1, name=student_A], Student [id=2, name=student_B], Student [id=3, name=student_C]]]
System.out.println(clazz);
}
@Test
public void testGetClass4(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
/**
* 映射sql的标识字符串,
* me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值,
* getClass4是select标签的id属性值,通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL
*/
String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass4";//映射sql的标识字符串
//执行查询操作,将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回
Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1);//查询class表中id为1的记录
//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
//打印结果:Classes [id=1, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=1, name=teacher1], students=[Student [id=1, name=student_A], Student [id=2, name=student_B], Student [id=3, name=student_C]]]
System.out.println(clazz);
}
}
2.6、MyBatis一对多关联查询总结
MyBatis中使用collection标签来解决一对多的关联查询,ofType属性指定集合中元素的对象类型。
作者:孤傲苍狼
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/4264440.html
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