html5直播滤镜,纯JavaScript实现HTML5 Canvas六种特效滤镜示例

小试牛刀，实现了六款简单常见HTML5 Canvas特效滤镜，并且封装成一个纯JavaScript可调用的API文件gloomyfishfilter.js。支持的特效滤镜分别为：

1.反色

2.灰色调

3.模糊

4.浮雕

5.雕刻

6.镜像

滤镜原理解释：

1.反色：获取一个像素点RGB值r, g, b则新的RGB值为(255-r, 255-g, 255-b)

2.灰色调：获取一个像素点RGB值r, g, b则新的RGB值为

newr = (r * 0.272) + (g * 0.534) + (b * 0.131);

newg = (r * 0.349) + (g * 0.686) + (b * 0.168);

newb = (r * 0.393) + (g * 0.769) + (b * 0.189);

3.模糊：基于一个5*5的卷积核

4.浮雕与雕刻：

基于当前像素的前一个像素RGB值与它的后一个像素的RGB值之差再加上128

5.镜像：模拟了物体在镜子中与之对应的效果。

杂项准备

1.如何获取Canvas 2d context对象

var canvas = document.getElementById("target");

canvas.width = source.clientWidth;

canvas.height = source.clientHeight;

if(!canvas.getContext) {

console.log("Canvas not supported. Please install a HTML5compatible browser.");

return;

}

// get 2D context of canvas and draw image

tempContext = canvas.getContext("2d");

2.如何绘制一个DOM img对象到Canvas对象中

var source = document.getElementById("source");

tempContext.drawImage(source, 0, 0, canvas.width,canvas.height);

3.如何从Canvas对象中获取像素数据

var canvas = document.getElementById("target");

varlen = canvas.width * canvas.height * 4;

var canvasData = tempContext.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

var binaryData = canvasData.data;

4.如何对DOM对象实现鼠标Click事件绑定

function bindButtonEvent(element, type, handler)

{

if(element.addEventListener){

element.addEventListener(type, handler,false);

}else {

element.attachEvent('on'+type, handler);// for IE6,7,8

}

}

5.如何调用实现的gfilter API完成滤镜功能

//导入API文件

gfilter.colorInvertProcess(binaryData, len); //调用 API

6.浏览器支持：IE, FF, Chrome上测试通过，其中IE上支持通过以下标签实现：

效果演示：

 

应用程序源代码：

CSS部分：

#svgContainer {

width:800px;

height:600px;

background-color:#EEEEEE;

}

#sourceDiv { float: left; border: 2px solid blue}

#targetDiv { float: right;border: 2px solid red}

filter1.html中HTML源代码：

Canvas Filter Demo

HTML Canvas Image Process - By Gloomy Fish

反色

灰色调

模糊

浮雕

雕刻

镜像

filter1.html中JavaScript源代码：

var tempContext = null; // global variable 2d context

window.onload = function() {

var source = document.getElementById("source");

var canvas = document.getElementById("target");

canvas.width = source.clientWidth;

canvas.height = source.clientHeight;

if (!canvas.getContext) {

console.log("Canvas not supported. Please install a HTML5 compatible browser.");

return;

}

// get 2D context of canvas and draw image

tempContext = canvas.getContext("2d");

tempContext.drawImage(source, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

// initialization actions

var inButton = document.getElementById("invert-button");

var adButton = document.getElementById("adjust-button");

var blurButton = document.getElementById("blur-button");

var reButton = document.getElementById("relief-button");

var dkButton = document.getElementById("diaoke-button");

var mirrorButton = document.getElementById("mirror-button");

// bind mouse click event

bindButtonEvent(inButton, "click", invertColor);

bindButtonEvent(adButton, "click", adjustColor);

bindButtonEvent(blurButton, "click", blurImage);

bindButtonEvent(reButton, "click", fudiaoImage);

bindButtonEvent(dkButton, "click", kediaoImage);

bindButtonEvent(mirrorButton, "click", mirrorImage);

}

function bindButtonEvent(element, type, handler)

{

if(element.addEventListener) {

element.addEventListener(type, handler, false);

} else {

element.attachEvent('on'+type, handler); // for IE6,7,8

}

}

function invertColor() {

var canvas = document.getElementById("target");

var len = canvas.width * canvas.height * 4;

var canvasData = tempContext.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

var binaryData = canvasData.data;

// Processing all the pixels

gfilter.colorInvertProcess(binaryData, len);

// Copying back canvas data to canvas

tempContext.putImageData(canvasData, 0, 0);

}

function adjustColor() {

var canvas = document.getElementById("target");

var len = canvas.width * canvas.height * 4;

var canvasData = tempContext.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

var binaryData = canvasData.data;

// Processing all the pixels

gfilter.colorAdjustProcess(binaryData, len);

// Copying back canvas data to canvas

tempContext.putImageData(canvasData, 0, 0);

}

function blurImage()

{

var canvas = document.getElementById("target");

var len = canvas.width * canvas.height * 4;

var canvasData = tempContext.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

// Processing all the pixels

gfilter.blurProcess(tempContext, canvasData);

// Copying back canvas data to canvas

tempContext.putImageData(canvasData, 0, 0);

}

function fudiaoImage()

{

var canvas = document.getElementById("target");

var len = canvas.width * canvas.height * 4;

var canvasData = tempContext.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

// Processing all the pixels

gfilter.reliefProcess(tempContext, canvasData);

// Copying back canvas data to canvas

tempContext.putImageData(canvasData, 0, 0);

}

function kediaoImage()

{

var canvas = document.getElementById("target");

var len = canvas.width * canvas.height * 4;

var canvasData = tempContext.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

// Processing all the pixels

gfilter.diaokeProcess(tempContext, canvasData);

// Copying back canvas data to canvas

tempContext.putImageData(canvasData, 0, 0);

}

function mirrorImage()

{

var canvas = document.getElementById("target");

var len = canvas.width * canvas.height * 4;

var canvasData = tempContext.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

// Processing all the pixels

gfilter.mirrorProcess(tempContext, canvasData);

// Copying back canvas data to canvas

tempContext.putImageData(canvasData, 0, 0);

}

滤镜源代码(gloomyfishfilter.js)：

var gfilter = {

type: "canvas",

name: "filters",

author: "zhigang",

getInfo: function () {

return this.author + ' ' + this.type + ' ' + this.name;

},

/**

* invert color value of pixel, new pixel = RGB(255-r, 255-g, 255 - b)

*

* @param binaryData - canvas's imagedata.data

* @param l - length of data (width * height of image data)

*/

colorInvertProcess: function(binaryData, l) {

for (var i = 0; i < l; i += 4) {

var r = binaryData[i];

var g = binaryData[i + 1];

var b = binaryData[i + 2];

binaryData[i] = 255-r;

binaryData[i + 1] = 255-g;

binaryData[i + 2] = 255-b;

}

},

/**

* adjust color values and make it more darker and gray...

*

* @param binaryData

* @param l

*/

colorAdjustProcess: function(binaryData, l) {

for (var i = 0; i < l; i += 4) {

var r = binaryData[i];

var g = binaryData[i + 1];

var b = binaryData[i + 2];

binaryData[i] = (r * 0.272) + (g * 0.534) + (b * 0.131);

binaryData[i + 1] = (r * 0.349) + (g * 0.686) + (b * 0.168);

binaryData[i + 2] = (r * 0.393) + (g * 0.769) + (b * 0.189);

}

},

/**

* deep clone image data of canvas

*

* @param context

* @param src

* @returns

*/

copyImageData: function(context, src)

{

var dst = context.createImageData(src.width, src.height);

dst.data.set(src.data);

return dst;

},

/**

* convolution - keneral size 5*5 - blur effect filter(模糊效果)

*

* @param context

* @param canvasData

*/

blurProcess: function(context, canvasData) {

console.log("Canvas Filter - blur process");

var tempCanvasData = this.copyImageData(context, canvasData);

var sumred = 0.0, sumgreen = 0.0, sumblue = 0.0;

for ( var x = 0; x < tempCanvasData.width; x++) {

for ( var y = 0; y < tempCanvasData.height; y++) {

// Index of the pixel in the array

var idx = (x + y * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

for(var subCol=-2; subCol<=2; subCol++) {

var colOff = subCol + x;

if(colOff <0 || colOff >= tempCanvasData.width) {

colOff = 0;

}

for(var subRow=-2; subRow<=2; subRow++) {

var rowOff = subRow + y;

if(rowOff < 0 || rowOff >= tempCanvasData.height) {

rowOff = 0;

}

var idx2 = (colOff + rowOff * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

var r = tempCanvasData.data[idx2 + 0];

var g = tempCanvasData.data[idx2 + 1];

var b = tempCanvasData.data[idx2 + 2];

sumred += r;

sumgreen += g;

sumblue += b;

}

}

// calculate new RGB value

var nr = (sumred / 25.0);

var ng = (sumgreen / 25.0);

var nb = (sumblue / 25.0);

// clear previous for next pixel point

sumred = 0.0;

sumgreen = 0.0;

sumblue = 0.0;

// assign new pixel value

canvasData.data[idx + 0] = nr; // Red channel

canvasData.data[idx + 1] = ng; // Green channel

canvasData.data[idx + 2] = nb; // Blue channel

canvasData.data[idx + 3] = 255; // Alpha channel

}

}

},

/**

* after pixel value - before pixel value + 128

* 浮雕效果

*/

reliefProcess: function(context, canvasData) {

console.log("Canvas Filter - relief process");

var tempCanvasData = this.copyImageData(context, canvasData);

for ( var x = 1; x < tempCanvasData.width-1; x++)

{

for ( var y = 1; y < tempCanvasData.height-1; y++)

{

// Index of the pixel in the array

var idx = (x + y * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

var bidx = ((x-1) + y * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

var aidx = ((x+1) + y * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

// calculate new RGB value

var nr = tempCanvasData.data[aidx + 0] - tempCanvasData.data[bidx + 0] + 128;

var ng = tempCanvasData.data[aidx + 1] - tempCanvasData.data[bidx + 1] + 128;

var nb = tempCanvasData.data[aidx + 2] - tempCanvasData.data[bidx + 2] + 128;

nr = (nr < 0) ? 0 : ((nr >255) ? 255 : nr);

ng = (ng < 0) ? 0 : ((ng >255) ? 255 : ng);

nb = (nb < 0) ? 0 : ((nb >255) ? 255 : nb);

// assign new pixel value

canvasData.data[idx + 0] = nr; // Red channel

canvasData.data[idx + 1] = ng; // Green channel

canvasData.data[idx + 2] = nb; // Blue channel

canvasData.data[idx + 3] = 255; // Alpha channel

}

}

},

/**

* before pixel value - after pixel value + 128

* 雕刻效果

*

* @param canvasData

*/

diaokeProcess: function(context, canvasData) {

console.log("Canvas Filter - process");

var tempCanvasData = this.copyImageData(context, canvasData);

for ( var x = 1; x < tempCanvasData.width-1; x++)

{

for ( var y = 1; y < tempCanvasData.height-1; y++)

{

// Index of the pixel in the array

var idx = (x + y * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

var bidx = ((x-1) + y * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

var aidx = ((x+1) + y * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

// calculate new RGB value

var nr = tempCanvasData.data[bidx + 0] - tempCanvasData.data[aidx + 0] + 128;

var ng = tempCanvasData.data[bidx + 1] - tempCanvasData.data[aidx + 1] + 128;

var nb = tempCanvasData.data[bidx + 2] - tempCanvasData.data[aidx + 2] + 128;

nr = (nr < 0) ? 0 : ((nr >255) ? 255 : nr);

ng = (ng < 0) ? 0 : ((ng >255) ? 255 : ng);

nb = (nb < 0) ? 0 : ((nb >255) ? 255 : nb);

// assign new pixel value

canvasData.data[idx + 0] = nr; // Red channel

canvasData.data[idx + 1] = ng; // Green channel

canvasData.data[idx + 2] = nb; // Blue channel

canvasData.data[idx + 3] = 255; // Alpha channel

}

}

},

/**

* mirror reflect

*

* @param context

* @param canvasData

*/

mirrorProcess : function(context, canvasData) {

console.log("Canvas Filter - process");

var tempCanvasData = this.copyImageData(context, canvasData);

for ( var x = 0; x < tempCanvasData.width; x++) // column

{

for ( var y = 0; y < tempCanvasData.height; y++) // row

{

// Index of the pixel in the array

var idx = (x + y * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

var midx = (((tempCanvasData.width -1) - x) + y * tempCanvasData.width) * 4;

// assign new pixel value

canvasData.data[midx + 0] = tempCanvasData.data[idx + 0]; // Red channel

canvasData.data[midx + 1] = tempCanvasData.data[idx + 1]; ; // Green channel

canvasData.data[midx + 2] = tempCanvasData.data[idx + 2]; ; // Blue channel

canvasData.data[midx + 3] = 255; // Alpha channel

}

}

},

};