python通用模块_python通用模块使用例子

#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

__author__ = 'Administrator'

import os

import sys

import shutil

import struct

#python通用模块使用例子

result=os.system("pwd");

print (type(result));

print("val="+str(result));

filename=__file__;

filename = filename.decode('gbk')

#test os模块

print(os.name)

cwd=os.getcwd()

#window path

cwd = cwd.decode('gbk')

print(cwd)

print(os.getenv("tmp"))

print(os.listdir(cwd))

print("sep="+os.sep+",linesep="+os.linesep);

print(os.path.split(cwd))

print(os.path.normpath(cwd));

print(os.path.splitext(filename))

print 'myname=',filename

print(os.path.basename(filename));

print(os.path.dirname(filename));

#test shutil

try:

if not os.path.exists("d:/shutil"):

os.makedirs("d:/shutil");

#覆盖拷贝文件

shutil.copyfile("finally.txt","d:/shutil/he.txt");

except IOError:

print("copy error!")

else:

print("copy finish!");

shutil.move("d:/shutil/he.txt","d:/shutil/hehe.txt");

#只复制其权限

shutil.copymode("hehe.txt", "d:/shutil/hehe.txt");

shutil.copy("finally.txt","d:/shutil/");

if os.path.exists("d:/shutil/haha"):

#递归删除一个目录以及目录内的所有内容

shutil.rmtree("d:/shutil/haha");

#目录拷贝

shutil.copytree("d:/test", "d:/shutil/haha");

#test os.path

#http://www.jb51.net/article/54911.htm

print(os.environ);

print (os.path.abspath("1.txt"))

print os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "1.txt")

print os.path.abspath("1.txt") == os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "1.txt")

print(os.path.split(os.getcwd()))#用于分开一个目录名称中的目录部分和文件名称部分。

print os.path.getctime("hehe.txt") #返回1.txt的ctime(创建时间)时间戳

print os.path.expanduser('~/dir') #把~扩展成用户根目录

print os.path.expandvars('$PATH') #扩展环境变量PATH

print os.path.isfile(os.getcwd()) #判断是否是文件名，1是0否

print os.path.isdir('c:\Python27\temp') #判断是否是目录,1是0否

print os.path.islink('/home/huaying/111.sql') #是否是符号连接 windows下不可用

#print os.path.ismout(os.getcwd()) #是否是文件系统安装点 windows下不可用

#print os.path.samefile(os.getcwd(), 'd:/test') #看看两个文件名是不是指的是同一个文件

#test 类型转换函数

help(chr) #在线帮助, obj可是任何类型

print callable(os.getcwd()) #查看一个obj是不是可以像函数一样调用

#eval("print 'test'");

print ord('A') #把一个字符或者unicode字符,变成ASCII数值

print (chr(65)) #把一个ASCII数值,变成字符

print ord('a')

print (chr(97))

print oct(1024) #转换为8进制

print hex(1024) #转换为16进制

print(max(12,3))

print(min(12,3))

#test struct unpack http://www.oschina.net/question/234345_40336

#pack - unpack

print '===== pack - unpack ====='

str = struct.pack("ii", 20, 400)

print 'str:', str

print 'len(str):', len(str) # len(str): 8

a1, a2 = struct.unpack("ii", str)

print "a1:", a1 # a1: 20

print "a2:", a2 # a2: 400

print 'struct.calcsize:', struct.calcsize("ii") # struct.calcsize: 8

#unpack string unpack为元组

print '===== unpack ====='

string = 'test astring'

format = '5s 4x 3s'

print struct.unpack(format, string) # ('test ', 'ing')

string = 'he is not very happy'

format = '2s 1x 2s 5x 4s 1x 5s'

print struct.unpack(format, string) # ('he', 'is', 'very', 'happy')

#pack

print '===== pack ====='

a = 20

b = 400

str = struct.pack("ii", a, b)

print 'length:', len(str) #length: 8

print str

print repr(str) # '/x14/x00/x00/x00/x90/x01/x00/x00'

#pack_into - unpack_from

print '===== pack_into - unpack_from ====='

from ctypes import create_string_buffer

buf = create_string_buffer(12)

print repr(buf.raw)

struct.pack_into("iii", buf, 0, 1, 2, -1)

print repr(buf.raw)

print struct.unpack_from("iii", buf, 0)

#test sys

print 'test sys:'

for i in sys.argv:

print i

print(sys.path)

print(sys.modules)

print(sys.platform)

readline=sys.stdin.readline();

print(readline)

sys.exit(0)