步骤
先说总体步骤:下载源码,并编译到本地maven仓库[上传私服(可选)];
pom文件依赖datax-core和需要的reader和writer
环境变量设置datax.home(或者利用System#setProperty(String))和一些需要替换脚本中的变量:脚本中${}占位符的变量将被系统变量替换。
将datax.tar.gz中解压出来的conf、plugin等文件放到datax.home目录中。
构造参数数组:{"-job", "xxx.json", "-mode", "standalone", "-jobid", "-1"}
调用Engin#main(String[])或者Engine#entry(String[])
引言
目前官方的使用指南里都是利用python来调用dataX执行任务。而且现有的博客基本上也是利用java来调用python命令Runtime.getRuntime().exec()来执行。
个人感觉,dataX未提供java集成开发的方法,应该是定位生产系统,运维需要吧?!
我们的业务场景:执行完dataX的job之后,还有一定的业务逻辑,所以希望在java应用里调用dataX执行完job之后,再执行后续逻辑。
DataX分析
笔者简单的看了一下午的DataX的逻辑,完全以使用者的视角分析DataX,必然不能完全了解DataX的整个执行过程。
本文仅分析如果能够在java代码里集成DataX进行开发。
集成准备
DataX没有将代码上传到maven服务器上,所以需要自己先pull代码到本地,编译,才能在集成开发的使用通过pom引用。有条件的可以上传到自己的私服上。
代码地址
代码依赖
通过pom文件加入datax-core:
com.alibaba.datax
datax-core
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
如果需要对应的reader和writer的话,加入到pom文件中,比如需要streamreader和streamwriter:
com.alibaba.datax
streamreader
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
com.alibaba.datax
streamwriter
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT要依赖datax一定要保证有对应的源码或者编译到本机的maven repository或者在对应的私服上有上传相应的编译版本,不然pom文件是找不到依赖的。为了集成开发,可能需要一口气引用所有的reader和writer,目前所知,就得一个一个写,如果大家有好办法,麻烦告知!
准备相应的文件
从com.alibaba.datax.core.util.container.CoreConstant中可以看到,datax.home很重要,很多文件的读取都是在datax.home里面获取的。就如我们在安装版的datax中可以看到里面一些目录一样$ ll
total 4drwxr-xr-x 2 mcbadm mcb 56 Sep 20 18:28 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 mcbadm mcb 65 Sep 20 18:28 conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 mcbadm mcb 21 Sep 20 18:28 job
drwxr-xr-x 2 mcbadm mcb 4096 Sep 20 18:28 lib
drwxr-xr-x 4 mcbadm mcb 32 Sep 20 18:28 plugin
drwxr-xr-x 2 mcbadm mcb 22 Sep 20 18:28 script
drwxr-xr-x 2 mcbadm mcb 23 Sep 20 18:28 tmp
目前所知的,Engine#entry在解析配置的时候会读取conf目录下的文件,还有对应plugin/reader/xxxreader、plugin/writer/xxxwriter的plugin.json文件:{ "name": "streamreader", "class": "com.alibaba.datax.plugin.reader.streamreader.StreamReader", "description": { "useScene": "only for developer test.", "mechanism": "use datax framework to transport data from stream.", "warn": "Never use it in your real job."
}, "developer": "alibaba"}
编写代码
编写job代码:{ "job": { "content": [
{ "reader": { "name": "streamreader", "parameter": { "sliceRecordCount": 1, "column": [
{ "type": "long", "value": "10"
},
{ "type": "string", "value": "hello,你好,世界-DataX,现在是${now}"
}
]
}
}, "writer": { "name": "streamwriter", "parameter": { "encoding": "UTF-8", "print": true
}
}
}
], "setting": { "speed": { "channel": 1
}
}
}
}
写个测试类吧:import java.time.LocalTime;import com.alibaba.datax.core.Engine;public class EngineTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.setProperty("datax.home", getCurrentClasspath());
System.setProperty("now", LocalTime.now().toString());// 替换job中的占位符
String[] datxArgs = {"-job", getCurrentClasspath() + "/job/stream2stream.json", "-mode", "standalone", "-jobid", "-1"}; try {
Engine.entry(datxArgs);
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static String getCurrentClasspath() {
ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
String currentClasspath = classLoader.getResource("").getPath(); // 当前操作系统
String osName = System.getProperty("os.name"); if (osName.startsWith("Windows")) { // 删除path中最前面的/
currentClasspath = currentClasspath.substring(1);
} return currentClasspath;
}
}
datax在解析完配置后,会将core.json,job.json,plugin.json合并在一起:{ "common": { "column": { "dateFormat": "yyyy-MM-dd",
"datetimeFormat": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",
"encoding": "utf-8",
"extraFormats": [ "yyyyMMdd"
],
"timeFormat": "HH:mm:ss",
"timeZone": "GMT+8"
}
},
"core": { "container": { "job": { "id": -1,
"reportInterval": 10000
},
"taskGroup": { "channel": 5
},
"trace": { "enable": "false"
}
},
"dataXServer": { "address": "http://localhost:7001/api",
"reportDataxLog": false,
"reportPerfLog": false,
"timeout": 10000
},
"statistics": { "collector": { "plugin": { "maxDirtyNumber": 10,
"taskClass": "com.alibaba.datax.core.statistics.plugin.task.StdoutPluginCollector"
}
}
},
"transport": { "channel": { "byteCapacity": 67108864,
"capacity": 512,
"class": "com.alibaba.datax.core.transport.channel.memory.MemoryChannel",
"flowControlInterval": 20,
"speed": { "byte": -1,
"record": -1
}
},
"exchanger": { "bufferSize": 32,
"class": "com.alibaba.datax.core.plugin.BufferedRecordExchanger"
}
}
},
"entry": { "jvm": "-Xms1G -Xmx1G"
},
"job": { "content": [
{ "reader": { "name": "streamreader",
"parameter": { "column": [
{ "type": "long",
"value": "10"
},
{ "type": "string",
"value": "hello,你好,世界-DataX"
}
],
"sliceRecordCount": 1
}
},
"writer": { "name": "streamwriter",
"parameter": { "encoding": "UTF-8",
"print": true
}
}
}
],
"setting": { "speed": { "channel": 1
}
}
},
"plugin": { "reader": { "streamreader": { "class": "com.alibaba.datax.plugin.reader.streamreader.StreamReader",
"description": { "mechanism": "use datax framework to transport data from stream.",
"useScene": "only for developer test.",
"warn": "Never use it in your real job."
},
"developer": "alibaba",
"name": "streamreader",
"path": "D:/workspace/datax-test/target/test-classes/\\plugin\\reader\\streamreader"
}
},
"writer": { "streamwriter": { "class": "com.alibaba.datax.plugin.writer.streamwriter.StreamWriter",
"description": { "mechanism": "use datax framework to transport data to stream.",
"useScene": "only for developer test.",
"warn": "Never use it in your real job."
},
"developer": "alibaba",
"name": "streamwriter",
"path": "D:/workspace/datax-test/target/test-classes/\\plugin\\writer\\streamwriter"
}
}
}
}
说说插件原理
每个reader和writer都有自己的plugin.json文件,里面最重要的就是class配置了,这个类的全路径配置用于classloader将其加载进来并通过反射将其实例化。加载代码可看com.alibaba.datax.core.util.container.LoadUtil
所以我们在集成的时候,plugin目录下面不需要有jar包了,只需要放json文件就行,因为我们通过pom文件依赖了对应的reader和writer,说白了,就是classpath下面有对应的reader和writer即可。
结束语
文章有点长,记录了一个下午的研究结果,应该有很多不完善的地方,希望可以和大家多交流。如果觉得有帮助,可以点个赞。
作者:李不言被占用了
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/01672e5ea1b6