oracle fmts,关于oracle sqlldr control file的格式

1Sqlldr userid=lgone/tiger control=a.ctl

2LOAD DATA

3INFILE 't.dat' // 要导入的文件

4// INFILE 'tt.date' // 导入多个文件

5// INFILE * // 要导入的内容就在control文件里 下面的BEGINDATA后面就是导入的内容, *和't.dat'不能同时存在

6

7INTO TABLE table_name // 指定装入的表

8BADFILE 'c:bad.txt' // 指定坏文件地址

9

10************* 以下是4种装入表的方式

11APPEND // 原先的表有数据 就加在后面

12// INSERT // 装载空表 如果原先的表有数据 sqlloader会停止 默认值

13// REPLACE // 原先的表有数据 原先的数据会全部删除

14// TRUNCATE // 指定的内容和replace的相同 会用truncate语句删除现存数据

15

16************* 指定的TERMINATED可以在表的开头 也可在表的内部字段部分

17FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'

18// 装载这种数据: 10,lg,"""lg""","lg,lg"

19// 在表中结果: 10 lg "lg" lg,lg

20// TERMINATED BY X '09' // 以十六进制格式 '09' 表示的

21// TERMINATED BY WRITESPACE // 装载这种数据: 10 lg lg

22

23TRAILING NULLCOLS ************* 表的字段没有对应的值时允许为空

24

25************* 下面是表的字段

26(

27col_1 , col_2 ,col_filler FILLER // FILLER 关键字 此列的数值不会被装载

28// 如: lg,lg,not 结果 lg lg

29)

30// 当没声明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' 时

31// (

32// col_1 [interger external] TERMINATED BY ',' ,

33// col_2 [date "dd-mon-yyy"] TERMINATED BY ',' ,

34// col_3 [char] TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY 'lg'

35// )

36// 当没声明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','用位置告诉字段装载数据

37// (

38// col_1 position(1:2),

39// col_2 position(3:10),

40// col_3 position(*:16), // 这个字段的开始位置在前一字段的结束位置

41// col_4 position(1:16),

42// col_5 position(3:10) char(8) // 指定字段的类型

43// )

44

45BEGINDATA // 对应开始的 INFILE * 要导入的内容就在control文件里

4610,Sql,what

4720,lg,show

48

49=====================================================================================

50/**/ 注意begindata后的数值前面不能有空格

51

521 ***** 普通装载

53LOAD DATA

54INFILE *

55INTO TABLE DEPT

56REPLACE

57FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'

58(DEPTNO,

59DNAME,

60LOC

61)

62BEGINDATA

6310,Sales,"""USA"""

6420,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"

6530,Consulting,Virginia

6640,Finance,Virginia

6750,"Finance","",Virginia // loc 列将为空

6860,"Finance",,Virginia // loc 列将为空

69

702 ***** FIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE 和 FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09' 的情况

71LOAD DATA

72INFILE *

73INTO TABLE DEPT

74REPLACE

75FIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE

76-- FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09'

77(DEPTNO,

78DNAME,

79LOC

80)

81BEGINDATA

8210 Sales Virginia

83

843 ***** 指定不装载那一列

85LOAD DATA

86INFILE *

87INTO TABLE DEPT

88REPLACE

89FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'

90( DEPTNO,

91FILLER_1 FILLER, // 下面的 "Something Not To Be Loaded" 将不会被装载

92DNAME,

93LOC

94)

95BEGINDATA

9620,Something Not To Be Loaded,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"

97

984 ***** position的列子

99LOAD DATA

100INFILE *

101INTO TABLE DEPT

102REPLACE

103( DEPTNO position(1:2),

104DNAME position(*:16), // 这个字段的开始位置在前一字段的结束位置

105LOC position(*:29),

106ENTIRE_LINE position(1:29)

107)

108BEGINDATA

10910Accounting Virginia,USA

110

1115 ***** 使用函数 日期的一种表达 TRAILING NULLCOLS的使用

112LOAD DATA

113INFILE *

114INTO TABLE DEPT

115REPLACE

116FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','

117TRAILING NULLCOLS // 其实下面的ENTIRE_LINE在BEGINDATA后面的数据中是没有直接对应

118// 的列的值的 如果第一行改为 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000,, 就不用TRAILING NULLCOLS了

119(DEPTNO,

120DNAME "upper(:dname)", // 使用函数

121LOC "upper(:loc)",

122LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy', // 日期的一种表达方式 还有'dd-mon-yyyy' 等

123ENTIRE_LINE ":deptno||:dname||:loc||:last_updated"

124)

125BEGINDATA

12610,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000

12720,Accounting,Virginia,21/6/1999

12830,Consulting,Virginia,5/1/2000

12940,Finance,Virginia,15/3/2001

130

1316 ***** 使用自定义的函数 // 解决的时间问题

132create or replace

133my_to_date( p_string in varchar2 ) return date

134as

135type fmtArray is table of varchar2(25);

136

137l_fmts fmtArray := fmtArray( 'dd-mon-yyyy', 'dd-month-yyyy',

138'dd/mm/yyyy',

139'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss' );

140l_return date;

141begin

142for i in 1 .. l_fmts.count

143loop

144begin

145l_return := to_date( p_string, l_fmts(i) );

146exception

147when others then null;

148end;

149EXIT when l_return is not null;

150end loop;

151

152if ( l_return is null )

153then

154l_return :=

155new_time( to_date('01011970','ddmmyyyy') + 1/24/60/60 *

156p_string, 'GMT', 'EST' );

157end if;

158

159return l_return;

160end;

161/

162

163LOAD DATA

164INFILE *

165INTO TABLE DEPT

166REPLACE

167FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','

168TRAILING NULLCOLS

169(DEPTNO,

170DNAME "upper(:dname)",

171LOC "upper(:loc)",

172LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )" // 使用自定义的函数

173)

174BEGINDATA

17510,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001

17620,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001

17730,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02

17840,Finance,Virginia,987268297

17950,Finance,Virginia,02-apr-2001

18060,Finance,Virginia,Not a date

181

1827 ***** 合并多行记录为一行记录

183LOAD DATA

184INFILE *

185concatenate 3 // 通过关键字concatenate 把几行的记录看成一行记录

186INTO TABLE DEPT

187replace

188FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','

189(DEPTNO,

190DNAME "upper(:dname)",

191LOC "upper(:loc)",

192LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy'

193)

194BEGINDATA

19510,Sales, // 其实这3行看成一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000

196Virginia,

1971/5/2000

198// 这列子用 continueif list="," 也可以

199告诉sqlldr在每行的末尾找逗号 找到逗号就把下一行附加到上一行

200

201LOAD DATA

202INFILE *

203continueif this(1:1) = '-' // 找每行的开始是否有连接字符 - 有就把下一行连接为一行

204// 如 -10,Sales,Virginia,

205// 1/5/2000 就是一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000

206// 其中1:1 表示从第一行开始 并在第一行结束 还有continueif next 但continueif list最理想

207INTO TABLE DEPT

208replace

209FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','

210(DEPTNO,

211DNAME "upper(:dname)",

212LOC "upper(:loc)",

213LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy'

214)

215BEGINDATA // 但是好象不能象右面的那样使用

216-10,Sales,Virginia, -10,Sales,Virginia,

2171/5/2000 1/5/2000

218-40, 40,Finance,Virginia,13/04/2001

219Finance,Virginia,13/04/2001

220

2218 ***** 载入每行的行号

222

223load data

224infile *

225into table t

226replace

227( seqno RECNUM //载入每行的行号

228text Position(1:1024))

229BEGINDATA

230fsdfasj //自动分配一行号给载入 表t 的seqno字段 此行为 1

231fasdjfasdfl // 此行为 2

232

2339 ***** 载入有换行符的数据

234注意: unix 和 windows 不同 & /n

235< 1 > 使用一个非换行符的字符

236LOAD DATA

237INFILE *

238INTO TABLE DEPT

239REPLACE

240FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','

241TRAILING NULLCOLS

242(DEPTNO,

243DNAME "upper(:dname)",

244LOC "upper(:loc)",

245LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",

246COMMENTS "replace(:comments,'n',chr(10))" // replace 的使用帮助转换换行符

247)

248BEGINDATA

24910,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the SalesnOffice in Virginia

25020,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the AccountingnOffice in Virginia

25130,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the ConsultingnOffice in Virginia

25240,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the FinancenOffice in Virginia

253

254< 2 > 使用fix属性

255LOAD DATA

256INFILE demo17.dat "fix 101"

257INTO TABLE DEPT

258REPLACE

259FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','

260TRAILING NULLCOLS

261(DEPTNO,

262DNAME "upper(:dname)",

263LOC "upper(:loc)",

264LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",

265COMMENTS

266)

267demo17.dat

26810,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales

269Office in Virginia

27020,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting

271Office in Virginia

27230,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting

273Office in Virginia

27440,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance

275Office in Virginia

276

277// 这样装载会把换行符装入数据库 下面的方法就不会 但要求数据的格式不同

278

279LOAD DATA

280INFILE demo18.dat "fix 101"

281INTO TABLE DEPT

282REPLACE

283FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'

284TRAILING NULLCOLS

285(DEPTNO,

286DNAME "upper(:dname)",

287LOC "upper(:loc)",

288LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",

289COMMENTS

290)

291demo18.dat

29210,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,"This is the Sales

293Office in Virginia"

29420,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,"This is the Accounting

295Office in Virginia"

29630,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,"This is the Consulting

297Office in Virginia"

29840,Finance,Virginia,987268297,"This is the Finance

299Office in Virginia"

300

301< 3 > 使用var属性

302LOAD DATA

303INFILE demo19.dat "var 3"

304// 3 告诉每个记录的前3个字节表示记录的长度 如第一个记录的 071 表示此记录有 71 个字节

305INTO TABLE DEPT

306REPLACE

307FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','

308TRAILING NULLCOLS

309(DEPTNO,

310DNAME "upper(:dname)",

311LOC "upper(:loc)",

312LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",

313COMMENTS

314)

315demo19.dat

31607110,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales

317Office in Virginia

31807820,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting

319Office in Virginia

32008730,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting

321Office in Virginia

32207140,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance

323Office in Virginia

324

325< 4 > 使用str属性

326// 最灵活的一中 可定义一个新的行结尾符 win 回车换行 : chr(13)||chr(10)

327

328此列中记录是以 a|rn 结束的

329select utl_raw.cast_to_raw('|'||chr(13)||chr(10)) from dual;

330结果 7C0D0A

331

332LOAD DATA

333INFILE demo20.dat "str X'7C0D0A'"

334INTO TABLE DEPT

335REPLACE

336FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','

337TRAILING NULLCOLS

338(DEPTNO,

339DNAME "upper(:dname)",

340LOC "upper(:loc)",

341LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",

342COMMENTS

343)

344demo20.dat

34510,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales

346Office in Virginia|

34720,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting

348Office in Virginia|

34930,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting

350Office in Virginia|

35140,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance

352Office in Virginia|

353

354==============================================================================

355象这样的数据 用 nullif 子句

356

35710-jan-200002350Flipper seemed unusually hungry today.

35810510-jan-200009945Spread over three meals.

359

360id position(1:3) nullif id=blanks // 这里可以是blanks 或者别的表达式

361// 下面是另一个列子 第一行的 1 在数据库中将成为 null

362LOAD DATA

363INFILE *

364INTO TABLE T

365REPLACE

366(n position(1:2) integer external nullif n='1',

367v position(3:8)

368)

369BEGINDATA

3701 10

37120lg